Michelin: Despite an increasingly turbulent environment, Michelin
reported €17.2 billion in sales for the nine months ended September
30, 2021, an increase of 15.6%. The Group maintains its guidance
for 2021.
Clermont-Ferrand – October 25, 2021
COMPAGNIE GÉNÉRALE DES ÉTABLISSEMENTS
MICHELINFinancial information for the
nine months
ended September 30,
2021
Despite an increasingly
turbulent environment, Michelin reported €17.2 billion in
sales for the nine months ended September 30, 2021, an
increase of 15.6%. The Group maintains its
guidance for 2021.
The environment in
which the Group is currently operating is
characterised by:
- The
persistent health
crisis.
- Extensive disruption across
every supply chain.
- Rising raw materials,
logistics and, now, energy costs.
- Worsening labor shortages
in North America and, to a lesser extent, in Europe.
In this environment, and with less
favorable comparatives than in the first half, tire demand saw the
following movements in the third quarter:
- In Passenger Car and Light
truck tire markets, a steep 21% decline in the Original Equipment
segment, due primarily to the continued shortage of auto
semi-conductors, and stable volumes
in the Replacement segment.
- In Truck tire markets, a
robust 7% gain outside China and a sharp 30% contraction in
China.
- Sustained demand in the
Specialty businesses, with a particularly strong rebound in the
Original Equipment Construction and Agricultural tire
segments.
With sales of €6 billion in the
third quarter, consolidated sales ended the first nine months at
€17.2 billion, up 15.6% year on year:
- 14.8% growth in tire
volumes, of which 1.3% in the third quarter.
- A 4.1% increase from the
tire price-mix effect, reflecting:
- price increases implemented
to offset rising costs,
- continued enhancement of
the product mix, with market share gains in MICHELIN-brand 18-inch
and larger tires,
- a favorable OE/Replacement
mix in the Passenger car and Light truck tire
business.
- A 5.8%
increase in non-tire sales.
- A
3.5% decrease from the still
unfavorable currency effect.
“Despite the persistent health crisis,
the Group posted a very solid performance,” said Managing Chairman
Florent Menegaux. “In this unusual environment, which is still
being roiled by major disruptions in our supply chains and sharp
spikes in energy and other costs, I would once again like
to express my appreciation to all our teams.
Thanks to their engagement and hard work, the Group has further
demonstrated its resilience and can pursue its ambitious growth
strategy.”
In 2021, in a still
highly disrupted environment, Passenger car and Light truck tire
markets are expected to expand by 6% to 8% over the year, impacted
by semiconductor shortages, while Truck tire markets
should rebound by 6% to 8% and
the Specialty markets should see a gain of 9% to
11%. Barring any new systemic effect from
Covid-191 and assuming slightly
over-market growth in its sales, Michelin maintains its full-year
targets of segment operating income in excess of €2.8 billion
at constant exchange rates and structural free cash
flow2 of more than
€1 billion.
The Group Governance:
On October 5,
2021, Société
Auxiliaire de Gestion (SAGES), acting in
its capacity as Non-Managing General Partner of Compagnie Générale
des Établissements Michelin
(CGEM) and with the approval of the Supervisory Board,
renewed Florent Menegaux as
Managing General Partner and Yves Chapot as General Manager for new
four-year terms, which will begin when their current terms end at
the close of the next Annual Shareholders Meeting, on May 13,
2022.
Nine-month
sales:
Sales(in € millions) |
Nine
months2021 |
Nine
months2020 |
% change(at current exchange
rates) |
RS1: Automotive and related distribution |
8,603 |
7,236 |
+18.9% |
RS2: Road transportation and related
distribution |
4,503 |
3,870 |
+16.4% |
RS3: Specialty businesses and related
distribution |
4,098 |
3,782 |
+8.4% |
Group Total |
17,204 |
14,888 |
+15.6% |
Market review
- Passenger car and Light truck
tires
Nine months2021/2020(in number of
tires) |
Western&CentralEurope* |
CIS |
North&
CentralAmerica |
South America |
China |
Asia(excluding
India & China) |
Africa/
India/ Middle East |
Total |
Original Equipment Replacement |
+5% +13% |
+20% +16% |
+7% +22% |
+26% +38% |
+5% +6% |
+6% +6% |
+31% +24% |
+8% +16% |
Third
quarter2021/2020(in
number of tires) |
Western&CentralEurope* |
CIS |
North&
CentralAmerica |
South America |
China |
Asia(excluding
India & China) |
Africa/
India/ Middle East |
Total |
Original Equipment Replacement |
-30% -1% |
-9% +5% |
-24% +1% |
-12% +29% |
-20% -9% |
-18% -5% |
-14% +6% |
-21% 0% |
* Including Turkey
The number of Original Equipment and Replacement
Passenger car and Light truck tires sold worldwide rose by 14% in
the first nine months of 2021. After rising sharply from very
favorable prior-year comparatives in the first half, global demand
declined by 5% in the third quarter, reflecting more normal bases
of comparison and the highly adverse impact of the global
semiconductor shortage on the OE segment.
After expanding quickly in the first half due to
low comparatives (caused by automotive plant shutdowns in
first-half 2020), Original Equipment tire demand was severely
dampened in the third quarter by the worsening global shortage of
auto semiconductors. As a result, the market dropped a steep 21%
compared with the prior-year period, which was down only 3% year on
year thanks to the sharp upturn in business.
During the quarter, constricted chip supply had
an impact on demand in every region, driving declines of 30% in
Western and Central Europe, 24% in North America, 20% in China and
18% in Asia excluding China.
In all, the global OE tire market ended the
first nine months down 17% year on year.
After surging 26% off of very favorable
comparatives in the first half, global Replacement tire demand was
stable year on year in the third quarter, while remaining down a
slight 4% on
third-quarter 2019.
Demand in Western and Central
Europe eased back 1% in the third quarter following on
from a brisk 22% rebound in the first half. Declines in Italy (down
6%), the United Kingdom (down 4%) and, to a lesser extent, France
and Germany (down 2%) were partially offset by gains of 4% in the
Iberian Peninsula and 3% in the Nordic countries. Over the full
nine months, the Western European market was down just 2% on the
same period in 2019.
In the CIS, demand rose by 5%
in the third quarter, building on the strong 21% rebound in the
first half and bringing the market back in line with 2019 for the
full nine months.
Replacement tire demand remained high in
North and Central America, lifted by the partial
rebuilding of dealer inventories. After the first-half’s strong 38%
upturn, the third quarter saw a 1% increase from very high
prior-year comparatives. Over the full nine months, Replacement
demand was 7% higher than in the same period in 2019.
The South American
market rose by 29% in the third quarter from low
2020 comparatives, when demand was heavily impacted by the Covid-19
epidemic. Over the full nine months, tire demand was 6% higher than
in the same period in 2019.
Demand in China declined by 9%
from very high prior-year comparatives in the third quarter, after
gaining 15% in the first half due to a very favorable basis of
comparison in the first quarter and inventory rebuilding. In the
third quarter, the market was in line with third-quarter 2019.
In Asia (excluding China and
India), third-quarter demand was severely impacted by
declines in Indonesia, Thailand and Vietnam, which were hard hit by
Covid-19 during the period. Over the full nine months, the
Replacement market remained a deep 12% lower than in the same
period in 2019.
In the Africa/India/Middle East
region, demand rose by 6% in the third quarter, as robust gains in
India and the Middle East offset steep declines in the African
markets over the period. Over the full nine months, demand was
stable compared with the same period in 2019.
- Truck tires (radial and bias)
Nine months2021/2020(in number of
tires) |
Western&
Central Europe* |
CIS |
North& Central
America |
South America |
China |
Asia(excluding
India & China) |
Africa/
India/ Middle East |
Total |
Original Equipment Replacement |
+34% +17% |
+23% +3% |
+32% +26% |
+47% +26% |
-4% +6% |
+17% +7% |
+48% +13% |
+8% +13% |
Third
quarter2021/2020(in
number of tires) |
Western&
Central Europe* |
CIS |
North& Central
America |
South America |
China |
Asia(excluding
India & China) |
Africa/
India/ Middle East |
Total |
Original Equipment Replacement |
+6% +1% |
+17% +1% |
+9% +14% |
+32% +18% |
-49% -18% |
+19% +3% |
+56% -4% |
-27% -3% |
* Including Turkey
The number of new Truck tires sold worldwide
declined by 8% in the third quarter of 2021, after climbing a sharp
25% in the first half on the back of the global economic recovery
and the upturn in freight demand (-27% for Original Equipment, -3%
for Replacement).
Growth varied widely by region, with strong 13%
momentum in North America and a 2% increase in Europe failing to
offset the 30% drop in China, which mainly reflected extremely high
prior-year comparatives.
The global Original Equipment Truck tire market,
as measured by the number of new tires sold, declined by 27% in the
third quarter, dragged down by the steep 49% fall in Chinese
demand.
In Western and Central Europe,
Original Equipment demand rose by 6%, but was still 3% down on
third-quarter 2019.
Demand remained strong in North and
Central America, with a 9% gain for the quarter, but the
full nine-month performance fell 14% short of the very high levels
reached in the same period in 2019.
In China, demand plunged 49% in
the third quarter, primarily due to comparison with the extremely
high 75% year-on-year gain in third-quarter 2020, which was
propelled by truck fleet upgrades ahead of implementation of the
China 6 emissions standard.
In the rest of the world,
demand for Original Equipment truck tires continued to expand at a
fast pace in the third quarter, rising 32% in South America, 19% in
Asia excluding China and 56% in the Africa/India/Middle East
region.
The global Replacement tire market contracted by
3% in the third quarter, as an 18% decline in Chinese demand
overshadowed robust gains in North America (up 14%) and South
America (up 18%).
In Western and Central Europe,
the market edged up by 1% over the period. Demand was brisk in the
Northern European countries, with gains of 9% in Germany and 14% in
the United Kingdom, and up slightly in France (1%), Italy (1%) and
the Iberian Peninsula (2%), but down 9% in Central Europe with, in
particular, a sharp 17% decline in Turkey. Over the full nine
months, the number of new tires sold was 8% higher than in the same
period in 2019.
In North and Central America,
the market dynamic is still being driven by the economic upturn,
delivering a 14% increase in the third quarter and lifting demand
18% to well above pre-crisis levels by the end of September.
Markets in South America
expanded by 18% overall during the third quarter of 2021, led by a
16% gain in Brazil. Over the full nine months, the regional market
was 9% over its pre-crisis level.
Following a 28% increase in the first half,
Replacement tire demand in China declined by 18%
in the third quarter, impacted by slowing economic growth and
extensive truck fleet upgrades in 2020 ahead of implementation of
the China 6 emissions standard.
In the rest of the world,
markets rose by a slight 3% in the third quarter in Asia and
contracted by 4% in the Africa/India/Middle East
region.
Specialty businesses
- Mining tires:
Surface mining tire markets ended the first nine months up slightly
on the prior-year period, lifted by generally expanding ore
markets. Overall demand, however, is being dampened by the
pervasive disruption in global supply chains.
- Agricultural and
Construction tires: Farm machinery tire markets are
trending upwards compared to 2020, with very strong growth in
Original Equipment sales driven by rising grain prices and farm
incomes.
The Construction and Infrastructure segments are
benefiting from the strong upturn in demand, particularly for OE
tires, supported by the very fast growth in the construction
industry.
- Two-wheel tires:
With two-wheel vehicles offering an increasingly popular
alternative to public transportation, demand for their tires
remains buoyant. However, growth is being held back by the
resurgence of the Delta variant in Southeast Asia, parts shortages
(which are weighing on OE motorcycle tire demand) and the supply
chain constrictions experienced by tiremakers across the
industry.
- Aircraft tires:
Over the first nine months of 2021, aircraft tire markets enjoyed
double-digit growth year on year, thanks to extremely favorable
comparatives, but remained sharply down on 2019. The forthcoming
reopening of commercial air routes from Europe to North America
points to a slight market improvement by year-end. Demand in the
Military and General Aviation segments continued to hold up well
over the period.
- Conveyor belts:
The mining conveyor belt market turned in a mixed performance.
Demand in Australia stabilized due to coal export restrictions,
while the services and engineering segments were adversely impacted
by Covid-19. In North America, industrial demand is recovering, but
business is still suffering from buyer hesitation in a turbulent
operating environment.
Michelin sales
(in € millions) |
Nine months 2021 |
Sales |
17,204 |
Change – 9 months 2021/9 months 2020 |
|
|
Total change |
+2,316 |
+15.6% |
Of which Tire volumes* |
+2,204 |
+14.8% |
Tire price-mix |
+618 |
+4.1% |
Non-tire businesses |
+47 |
+0.3% |
Currency effect |
-533 |
-3.5% |
Changes in scope of consolidation |
-20 |
-0.1% |
* In tonnes
Sales for the first nine months of 2021 totaled
€17,204 million, an increase of 15.6% from the year-earlier period
that was attributable to the net impact of the following
factors:
- A 14.8% or €2,204 million increase from very
strong growth in tire volumes as markets rebounded on the robust
recovery in global economic activity. Volume growth eased to 1.3%
in the third quarter, reflecting the return to more normal bases of
comparison.
- A 4.1% increase from the favorable tire
price-mix effect, of which (i) a 2.8% gain from the price increases
introduced by the Group to offset rising raw materials, logistics
and energy costs and (ii) a 1.3% increase from the positive mix
effect, reflecting the sustained up-market shift in the product mix
and the favorable OE/Replacement business mix in the Automotive
segment.
- A 0.3% increase from the 5.8% growth in
non-tire sales.
- A 3.5% decrease from the currency effect,
which remained negative over the first nine months.
- A slight decrease from changes in the scope of
consolidation, with the removal of the printing, publishing and
marketing businesses associated with Maps & Guides for France,
effective February 1, 2021, and of Solesis on May 28, 2021.
- Sales by reporting segment
Automotive and related
distribution:
Sales in the Automotive segment rose by 18.9%
year-on-year to €8,603 million in the first nine months of
2021.After rebounding sharply in the first half, the Passenger car
and Light truck tire market contracted by 5% in the third quarter,
hard hit by the 21% drop in OE demand caused by the global auto
semiconductor shortage. In this environment, the segment reported a
16.3% increase in tire volumes sold in the first nine months, with
a slight 1.7% decline in the third quarter.Sales were also lifted
by a very favorable price-mix effect combining (i) the impact
of price increases deployed in 2021 in the Replacement business to
offset rising costs; (ii) the favorable impact of the relative
weighting of the OE and Replacement segments in the business mix;
and (iii) the sustained up-market shift in the product mix,
with market share gains in MICHELIN-brand 18-inch and larger tires.
The Segment was also impacted by a change in the scope of
consolidation following the removal of the printing, publishing and
marketing businesses associated with Maps & Guides for France,
effective February 1, 2021.
Road transportation and related
distribution:
Sales for the first nine months amounted to
€4,503 million, up 16.4% year on year. After rebounding 25% in the
first half, demand for new truck tires fell back 8% in the third
quarter, impacted by the decline in the Chinese market. In this
environment, segment tire sales volumes rose by 16% over the first
nine months and by 3.8% in the third quarter alone. The tire
price-mix effect was robust for the period, reflecting the
segment’s selective focus on creating value and the price increases
introduced to offset rising raw materials, logistics and production
costs.
Specialty businesses and related
distribution:
Sales in the Specialty businesses segment rose
by 8.4% year on year to €4,098 million in the first nine months of
2021.Segment volumes rose by 10.2% over the first nine months, of
which 6.2% in the third quarter. Sales were lifted by the rebound
in demand for Agricultural tires and tracks and Construction tires,
which was especially strong in the OE segment, and by the sustained
strong growth in Two-wheel tire markets. In the mining tire
operations, severe supply chain disruptions are still preventing
the Group from fully meeting customer demand, which remains robust.
The conveyor belt and specialty polymers businesses continued to
expand over the period. The price effect was positive, but to a
lesser extent than in the other two segments due to the time lag in
applying raw materials clauses and the slightly negative business
mix due to supply chain issues in mining tire operations.
The deconsolidation of Solesis reduced segment
sales by 0.3% over the first nine months and by 1.3% in the third
quarter.
"All Sustainable" Michelin – third-quarter
2021
In line with the "All Sustainable" commitment
embedded deep in its strategic vision, Michelin has undertaken a
number of results-oriented initiatives:
Race to Zero – Business
Ambition for 1.5°C: In July 2021, the Group joined the global Race
to Zero campaign to rally support from businesses for the
Paris Agreement’s net zero emissions target by engaging them in
“Business Ambition for 1.5°C,” a call to action led by the
international Science Based Targets initiative (SBTi), the United
Nations Global Compact, We Mean Business and several other
organizations. Michelin’s initial CO2 emissions reduction targets
were validated by the SBTi in 2020. In response to the growing
climate emergency, however, even more ambitious targets for lower
CO2 emissions were announced in April 2021 at the Group’s Capital
Markets Day event. The new roadmap, specifying targets for 2030, is
compatible with the Business Ambition for 1.5°C commitment, and
will be resubmitted to the SBTi for approval in 2022.
Open letter from businesses to G20 leaders
at the COP26 summit to get involved in
limiting the global temperature rise to 1.5°C: In
September 2021, Michelin signed the open letter, drafted by the We
Mean Business coalition, urging G20 leaders to keep within reach of
the Paris Agreement’s goal of limiting global warming to 1.5°C.
Biodiversity commitments for
2030: In 2021, the Group reaffirmed its commitment to
attenuating the impact of its operations across the value chain by
setting new biodiversity targets for 2030 as part of the Act4nature
international initiative. As part of the “All Sustainable”
approach, the new targets cover three areas: research and
development (by addressing biodiversity in lifecycle assessments),
raw materials and production facilities.
In addition to flagship projects in support of
sustainable natural rubber production, such as the Michelin Ouro
Verde (Green Gold) project in Bahia, Brazil and the Royal Lestari
Utama project in Indonesia, Michelin is pursuing its commitment
through two new projects:
- Supporting Indonesian
natural rubber producers: Michelin and Porsche have
broadened their partnership to sustainable natural rubber with a
four-year program to train Indonesian smallholders in responsible
labor and environmental practices, with the ultimate goal of
improving living conditions for them and their families.
This is the first natural rubber project based
on the findings of the ESG risk mapping exercise conducted with the
RubberWay™ application, which is now being used across the supply
chain by smallholders and their partners, a natural rubber
processor, a tire manufacturer and a car manufacturer with the
support of a local non-governmental organization.
- Developing
agroforestry3 practices in
Thailand to support sustainable rubber tree farming:
Michelin is funding a project run by the Global Platform for
Sustainable Natural Rubber (GPSNR) in Thailand that is helping
small rubber producers diversify their sources of income with
environmentally beneficial agroforestry practices. The three-year
project is designed to provide additional income for smallholders,
while reducing the use of agrochemical inputs, enhancing carbon
sequestration and improving biodiversity.
Socially engaged through the UN Global
Compact: A member of the United Nations Global Compact
since 2010, Michelin qualified in 2021 for “Advanced” status for
the tenth consecutive year, attesting to its rigorous management of
both environmental and social issues. The company also began
chairing the Human Rights Club of Global Compact France in 2021 and
is participating in the global working group, Action Platform on
Decent Work.
In third-quarter 2021, Michelin won recognition
on several fronts for its approach to sustainable development and
mobility:
SUSTAINALYTICS (ESG RISK
RATING): MICHELIN improved its overall rating from 15.2 to
13.1, taking it from 11th to 6th place in the global auto
components industry.
ECOVADIS: Michelin maintained
its 78/100 score in 2021, along with its PLATINUM medal rating
(awarded to the top 1%).
ISS ESG: In 2021, Michelin
retained its B- rating and its PRIME status, maintaining its
position in the top decile in each rated industry.
Third-quarter 2021
highlights :
- August 18, 2021 - Michelin’s first
racing tire made from 46% biosourced and recycled materials takes
its first laps around the Le Mans 24 Hours track, in a concrete
illustration of the Group’s “All Sustainable” vision. By 2050,
every Michelin tire will be made entirely of sustainable materials,
with an interim target of 40% by 2030.
- August 25, 2021 - Michelin
strengthens its presence in France’s online tire market by
acquiring all outstanding shares of Allopneus SAS, the country’s
leading online retailer of tires and tire fitting services.
- September 2, 2021 - Michelin
introduces MICHELIN CrossClimate 2, the new generation of MICHELIN
All-Season tires. The launch reflects the Group’s commitment to
investing and innovating to develop premium tires delivering very
high technological value.
- September 13, 2021 - Michelin
inaugurates the new reception building at its head office in
Clermont-Ferrand, illustrating its commitment to investing in
infrastructure upgrades and the development of new business
activities in France. The renovation illustrates Michelin’s deep
attachment to its founding region and country, where it continues
to invest in infrastructure upgrades and new business
activities.
- September 15, 2021 - Michelin and
Dorna extend their MotoGP™ partnership, confirming that Michelin
will remain the exclusive official supplier of the premier class of
motorcycle Grand Prix racing from 2024-2026.
- September 24, 2021 - ENGIE supports
Michelin in decarbonizing its historic Cataroux plant in
Clermont-Ferrand, with the goal of reducing the facility’s energy
use while cutting its greenhouse gas emissions. The partnership
fits seamlessly with the Group’s "All Sustainable" vision,
particularly the commitment to fighting global warming.
- October 1, 2021 - At its fifth
annual Supplier Awards, Michelin honors nine of its best suppliers
based on five criteria: Sustainability, Innovation, Quality, Risk
Management and Support provided during the crisis. Michelin
believes that the quality and effectiveness of its supplier
relations are essential drivers of its sustainable
performance.
- October 1, 2021 - Fenner™ Precision
Polymers acquires Lumsden Corporation, a leading manufacturer of
metal conveyor belting. The deal strengthens the position of
Fenner™ Precision Polymers as a leading supplier of highly
specialized conveying products.
- October 5, 2021 - Acting in its
capacity as Non-Managing General Partner of Compagnie Générale des
Établissements Michelin (CGEM) and with the approval of the
Supervisory Board, Société Auxiliaire de Gestion (SAGES) renewed
Florent Menegaux as Managing General Partner and Yves Chapot as
General Manager for new four-year terms, which will begin when
their current terms end at the close of the next Annual
Shareholders Meeting, on May 13, 2022, and end at the close of the
Annual Shareholders Meeting to be held in the first half of
2026.
A full description of highlights for the third
quarter of 2021may be found on the Michelin website:
http://www.michelin.com/en
PRESENTATION AND CONFERENCE CALLNine-month 2021
sales will be reviewed with analysts and investors during a
presentation today, Monday, October 25, 2021 at
6:30 p.m. CEST.
WEBCASTThe presentation will be webcast live
on: https://www.michelin.com/en
CONFERENCE CALL Please dial-in on one of the
following numbers from 6:20 p.m. CEST:
|
+33 (0)1 72 72 74
03 – PIN : 43903018# |
|
+44 (0)207 194
3759 – PIN : 43903018# |
|
(+1) 646 722 4916
– PIN : 43903018# |
|
+44 (0)207 194
3759 – PIN : 43903018# |
Financial information for the nine months ended September 30,
2021 (press release and slideshow) may be viewed at
https://www.michelin.com/en, along with practical information
concerning the conference call.
INVESTOR CALENDAR
- Sales and results for the
year ending December 31, 2021: Monday,
February 14, 2022 after close of trading.
- Quarterly information for
the three months ending March 31, 2021: Tuesday, April 26,
2021 after close of trading.
Investor Relations Édouard
de Peufeilhoux+33 (0) 6 89 71 93 73
edouard.de-peufeilhoux@michelin.com Pierre Hassaïri+33 (0) 6
84 32 90 81pierre.hassairi@michelin.com Flavien Huet+33 (0) 7
77 85 04 82flavien.huet@michelin.com |
Media Relations Paul-Alexis
Bouquet +33
(0) 6 79 33 51 47paul-alexis.bouquet@michelin.com Hervé
Erschler + 33 0 (6) 70 47 85
04hervé.erschler@michelin.com Individual
Shareholders Isabelle Maizaud-Aucouturier+33 (0) 4 73
32 23 05isabelle.maizaud-aucouturier@michelin.com Clémence
Rodriguez+33 (0) 4 73 32 15
11clemence.daturi-rodriguez@michelin.com |
DISCLAIMER
This press release is not an offer to
purchase or a solicitation to recommend the purchase of Michelin
shares. To obtain more detailed information on Michelin, please
consult the documents filed in France with
Autorité des
Marchés Financiers, which
are also available from the
www.michelin.com/en
website.This press release may contain a
number of forward-looking statements. Although the Company believes
that these statements are based on reasonable assumptions at the
time of publishing this document, they are by nature subject to
risks and contingencies liable to translate into a difference
between actual data and the forecasts made or inferred by these
statements.
1 Serious supply chain disruptions or restrictions on freedom of
movement that would result in a significant drop in the tire
markets.2 Free Cash Flow is stated before dividend payments and
financing transactions. It corresponds to net cash from operating
activities less net cash used in investing activities, adjusted for
net cash flows relating to cash management financial assets and
borrowing collaterals.3 Agroforestry is a farmland management
system in which trees are grown among food crops.
- 2021025_PR_Michelin_Q3 2021 Sales
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