TIDM58KN

RNS Number : 5158A

AT & T Inc.

29 May 2019

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q/A

Amendment No. 1

 
  (Mark One) 
                 QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) 
                      OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 
 
                  For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2019 
 
                                        or 
               TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) 
                     OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 
 
   For the transition period from       to 

Commission File Number 1-8610

AT&T INC.

Incorporated under the laws of the State of Delaware

I.R.S. Employer Identification Number 43-1301883

208 S. Akard St., Dallas, Texas 75202

Telephone Number: (210) 821-4105

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.

                                                                                                                                                                              Yes [X]    No [  ] 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files).

                                                                                                                                                                    Yes [X]   No [  ] 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or emerging growth company. See definition of "accelerated filer," "large accelerated filer," "smaller reporting company" and "emerging growth company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

 
 Large accelerated filer   [X]     Accelerated filer           [ ] 
 Non-accelerated filer     [ ]     Smaller reporting company   [ ] 
                                   Emerging growth company     [ ] 
 

If an emerging growth company, indicate by checkmark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act.

                                                                                                                                                                                 Yes [   ]   No [   ] 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).

                                                                                                                                                                                 Yes [   ]   No [X] 

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act

 
                                                    Name of each exchange 
     Title of each class       Trading Symbol(s)     on which registered 
 Common Shares (Par Value              T           New York Stock Exchange 
  $1.00 Per Share) 
 
 Floating Rate AT&T Inc.             T 19B         New York Stock Exchange 
  Global Notes due June 4, 
   2019 
 
 Floating Rate AT&T Inc.             T 20C         New York Stock Exchange 
  Global Notes due August 
   3, 2020 
 
 1.875% AT&T Inc.                    T 20          New York Stock Exchange 
  Global Notes due December 
   4, 2020 
 
 2.65% AT&T Inc.                     T 21B         New York Stock Exchange 
  Global Notes due December 
   17, 2021 
 
 1.45% AT&T Inc.                     T 22B         New York Stock Exchange 
  Global Notes due June 1, 
   2022 
 
 2.50% AT&T Inc.                     T 23          New York Stock Exchange 
  Global Notes due March 15, 
   2023 
 
 Floating Rate AT&T Inc.             T23 D         New York Stock Exchange 
  Global Notes due September 
   5, 2023 
 
 1.05% AT&T Inc.                     T 23E         New York Stock Exchange 
  Global Notes due September 
   5, 2023 
 
 1.30% AT&T Inc.                     T 23A         New York Stock Exchange 
  Global Notes due September 
   5, 2023 
 
 2.75% AT&T Inc.                     T 23C         New York Stock Exchange 
   Global Notes due May 19, 
    2023 
 
 2.40% AT&T Inc.                     T 24A         New York Stock Exchange 
  Global Notes due March 15, 
   2024 
 
 3.50% AT&T Inc.                     T 25          New York Stock Exchange 
  Global Notes due December 
   17, 2025 
 
 1.80% AT&T Inc.                     T 26D         New York Stock Exchange 
  Global Notes due September 
   5, 2026 
 
 
 
     Title of each class        Trading Symbol(s)     on which registered 
 2.90% AT&T Inc.                      T 26A         New York Stock Exchange 
  Global Notes due December 
   4, 2026 
 
 2.35% AT&T Inc.                      T 29D         New York Stock Exchange 
  Global Notes due September 
   5, 2029 
 
 4.375% AT&T Inc.                     T 29B         New York Stock Exchange 
   Global Notes due September 
    14, 2029 
 
 2.60% AT&T Inc.                      T 29A         New York Stock Exchange 
  Global Notes due December 
   17, 2029 
 
 3.55% AT&T Inc.                      T 32          New York Stock Exchange 
  Global Notes due December 
   17, 2032 
 
 5.20% AT&T Inc.                      T 33          New York Stock Exchange 
   Global Notes due November 
    18, 2033 
 
 3.375% AT&T Inc.                     T 34          New York Stock Exchange 
  Global Notes due March 15, 
   2034 
 
 2.45% AT&T Inc.                      T 35          New York Stock Exchange 
  Global Notes due March 15, 
   2035 
 
 3.15% AT&T Inc.                      T 36A         New York Stock Exchange 
  Global Notes due September 
   4, 2036 
 
 7.00% AT&T Inc.                      T 40          New York Stock Exchange 
  Global Notes due April 30, 
   2040 
 
 4.25% AT&T Inc.                      T 43          New York Stock Exchange 
  Global Notes due June 1, 
   2043 
 
 4.875% AT&T Inc.                     T 44          New York Stock Exchange 
  Global Notes due June 1, 
   2044 
 
 5.35% AT&T Inc.                                    New York Stock Exchange 
  Global Notes due November 
   1, 2066                             TBB 
 
 5.625% AT&T Inc.                      TBC          New York Stock Exchange 
  Global Notes due August 
   1, 2067 
 

At April 30, 2019, there were 7,298 million common shares outstanding.

Explanatory Note

AT&T Inc. (AT&T) is filing this Amendment No. 1 to its Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on May 6, 2019 (the Original Filing) to correct the signature dates and hyperlinks related to Exhibits 31.1, 31.2 and 32 of the Original Filing.

This Amendment is limited in scope to the items identified above. This Amendment does not reflect events occurring after the filing of the Original Filing and no revisions are being made to the Company's financial statements or disclosures pursuant to this Amendment.

PART I - FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1. Financial Statements

 
AT&T INC. 
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME 
Dollars in millions except per share amounts 
(Unaudited) 
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 
                                                                                Three months ended 
                                                                                     March 31, 
                                                                               2019            2018 
--------------------------------------------------------------  -----------  ---------  ---  --------- 
Operating Revenues 
Service                                                                   $     40,684    $     33,646 
Equipment                                                                        4,143           4,392 
--------------------------------------------------------------  -----------  ---------  ---  --------- 
Total operating revenues                                                        44,827          38,038 
--------------------------------------------------------------  -----------  ---------  ---  --------- 
 
Operating Expenses 
Cost of revenues 
  Equipment                                                                      4,502           4,848 
  Broadcast, programming and operations                                          7,652           5,166 
  Other cost of revenues (exclusive of depreciation 
   and 
   amortization shown separately below)                                          8,585           7,932 
Selling, general and administrative                                              9,649           7,897 
Depreciation and amortization                                                    7,206           5,994 
--------------------------------------------------------------  -----------  ---------  ---  --------- 
Total operating expenses                                                        37,594          31,837 
--------------------------------------------------------------  -----------  ---------  ---  --------- 
Operating Income                                                                 7,233           6,201 
--------------------------------------------------------------  -----------  ---------  ---  --------- 
Other Income (Expense) 
Interest expense                                                               (2,141)         (1,771) 
Equity in net income (loss) of affiliates                                          (7)               9 
Other income (expense) - net                                                       286           1,702 
--------------------------------------------------------------  -----------  ---------  ---  --------- 
Total other income (expense)                                                   (1,862)            (60) 
--------------------------------------------------------------  -----------  ---------  ---  --------- 
Income Before Income Taxes                                                       5,371           6,141 
Income tax expense                                                               1,023           1,382 
Net Income                                                                       4,348           4,759 
--------------------------------------------------------------  -----------  ---------  ---  --------- 
Less: Net Income Attributable to Noncontrolling Interest                         (252)            (97) 
--------------------------------------------------------------  -----------  ---------  ---  --------- 
Net Income Attributable to AT&T                                           $      4,096    $      4,662 
==============================================================  ===========  =========  ===  ========= 
Basic Earnings Per Share Attributable to AT&T                             $       0.56    $       0.75 
Diluted Earnings Per Share Attributable to AT&T                           $       0.56    $       0.75 
--------------------------------------------------------------  -----------  ---------  ---  --------- 
Weighted Average Number of Common Shares 
 Outstanding - Basic (in millions)                                               7,313           6,161 
Weighted Average Number of Common Shares 
 Outstanding - with Dilution (in millions)                                       7,342           6,180 
==============================================================  ===========  =========  ===  ========= 
See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements. 
 AT&T INC. 
--------------------------------------------------------------  -----------  ---------  ---  --------- 
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME 
Dollars in millions 
(Unaudited) 
--------------------------------------------------------------  -----------  ---------  ---  --------- 
                                                                          Three months ended 
                                                                              March 31, 
                                                                         2019                2018 
--------------------------------------------------------------  ----------------------  -------------- 
 
Net income                                                            $          4,348   $       4,759 
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax: 
   Foreign currency: 
       Translation adjustment (includes $0 and $2 attributable 
        to noncontrolling interest), 
        net of taxes of $49 and $175                                               288             108 
    Securities: 
       Net unrealized gains (losses), net of taxes of $5 
        and $(4)                                                                    16            (12) 
    Derivative instruments: 
       Net unrealized gains, net of taxes of $34 and $180                          127             674 
       Reclassification adjustment included in net income, 
        net of taxes of $2 and $3                                                   11              12 
    Defined benefit postretirement plans: 
       Net prior service (cost) credit arising during period, 
        net of taxes of $0 and $185                                                  -             567 
       Amortization of net prior service credit included 
        in net income, net of taxes of $(113) 
        and $(105)                                                               (346)           (323) 
--------------------------------------------------------------  -----------  ---------  ---  --------- 
Other comprehensive income (loss)                                                   96           1,026 
--------------------------------------------------------------  -----------  ---------  ---  --------- 
Total comprehensive income                                                       4,444           5,785 
Less: Total comprehensive income attributable to 
 noncontrolling 
 interest                                                                        (252)            (99) 
--------------------------------------------------------------  -----------  ---------  ---  --------- 
Total Comprehensive Income Attributable to AT&T                      $           4,192   $       5,686 
==============================================================  ===========  =========  ===  ========= 
See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements. 
 AT&T INC. 
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS 
Dollars in millions except per share amounts 
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 
                                                                                     December 
                                                            March 31,                   31, 
                                                              2019                     2018 
----------------------------------------------------  ---------------------  ------------------------- 
Assets                                                     (Unaudited) 
Current Assets 
Cash and cash equivalents                             $               6,516  $                   5,204 
Accounts receivable - net of allowances for doubtful 
 accounts of $905 and $907                                           23,863                     26,472 
Prepaid expenses                                                      1,518                      2,047 
Other current assets                                                 14,575                     17,704 
----------------------------------------------------  --------  -----------  ---------  -------------- 
Total current assets                                                 46,472                     51,427 
----------------------------------------------------  --------  -----------  ---------  -------------- 
Noncurrent Inventories and Theatrical Film and 
 Television 
 Production Costs                                                    10,270                      7,713 
Property, plant and equipment                                       332,517                    330,690 
  Less: accumulated depreciation and amortization                 (200,466)                  (199,217) 
----------------------------------------------------  --------  -----------  ---------  -------------- 
Property, Plant and Equipment - Net                                 132,051                    131,473 
----------------------------------------------------  --------  -----------  ---------  -------------- 
Goodwill                                                            146,434                    146,370 
Licenses - Net                                                       97,001                     96,144 
Trademarks and Trade Names - Net                                     24,218                     24,345 
Distribution Networks - Net                                          16,623                     17,069 
Other Intangible Assets - Net                                        24,732                     26,269 
Investments in and Advances to Equity Affiliates                      6,230                      6,245 
Operating Lease Right-of-Use Assets                                  20,235                          - 
Other Assets                                                         24,118                     24,809 
----------------------------------------------------  --------  -----------  ---------  -------------- 
Total Assets                                          $             548,384  $                 531,864 
====================================================  ========  ===========  =========  ============== 
 
Liabilities and Stockholders' Equity 
Current Liabilities 
Debt maturing within one year                         $              11,538  $                  10,255 
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities                             42,306                     43,184 
Advanced billings and customer deposits                               5,956                      5,948 
Accrued taxes                                                         1,130                      1,179 
Dividends payable                                                     3,722                      3,854 
----------------------------------------------------  --------  -----------  ---------  -------------- 
Total current liabilities                                            64,652                     64,420 
----------------------------------------------------  --------  -----------  ---------  -------------- 
Long-Term Debt                                                      163,942                    166,250 
----------------------------------------------------  --------  -----------  ---------  -------------- 
Deferred Credits and Other Noncurrent Liabilities 
Deferred income taxes                                                59,207                     57,859 
Postemployment benefit obligation                                    19,664                     19,218 
Operating lease liabilities                                          18,253                          - 
Other noncurrent liabilities                                         27,715                     30,233 
----------------------------------------------------  --------  -----------  ---------  -------------- 
Total deferred credits and other noncurrent 
 liabilities                                                        124,839                    107,310 
----------------------------------------------------  --------  -----------  ---------  -------------- 
 
Stockholders' Equity 
Common stock ($1 par value, 14,000,000,000 
 authorized 
 at March 31, 2019 and 
 December 31, 2018: issued 7,620,748,598 at March 
 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018)                                      7,621                      7,621 
Additional paid-in capital                                          125,174                    125,525 
Retained earnings                                                    59,424                     58,753 
Treasury stock (323,523,763 at March 31, 2019 and 
 339,120,073 
  at December 31, 2018, at cost)                                   (11,452)                   (12,059) 
Accumulated other comprehensive income                                4,345                      4,249 
Noncontrolling interest                                               9,839                      9,795 
----------------------------------------------------  --------  -----------  ---------  -------------- 
Total stockholders' equity                                          194,951                    193,884 
----------------------------------------------------  --------  -----------  ---------  -------------- 
Total Liabilities and Stockholders' Equity            $             548,384  $                 531,864 
====================================================  ========  ===========  =========  ============== 
See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements. 
 AT&T INC. 
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS 
Dollars in millions 
(Unaudited) 
----------------------------------------------------  ---------------------  ------------------------- 
                                                                     Three months ended 
                                                                         March 31, 
                                                              2019                     2018 
----------------------------------------------------  ---------------------  ------------------------- 
 
Operating Activities 
Net income                                            $               4,348  $                   4,759 
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash 
provided 
by operating activities: 
  Depreciation and amortization                                       7,206                      5,994 
  Amortization of television and film costs                           2,497                          - 
  Undistributed earnings from investments in equity 
   affiliates                                                           112                        (2) 
  Provision for uncollectible accounts                                  592                        438 
  Deferred income tax expense                                         1,069                      1,222 
  Net (gain) loss from investments, net of 
   impairments                                                        (175)                          2 
  Actuarial (gain) loss on pension and 
   postretirement 
   benefits                                                             432                      (930) 
Changes in operating assets and liabilities: 
  Accounts receivable                                                 1,894                      (439) 
  Other current assets, inventories and theatrical 
   film and television production costs                             (2,510)                        614 
  Accounts payable and other accrued liabilities                    (3,686)                    (1,962) 
  Equipment installment receivables and related 
   sales                                                                652                        505 
  Deferred customer contract acquisition and 
   fulfillment 
   costs                                                              (375)                      (826) 
Retirement benefit funding                                                -                      (140) 
Other - net                                                         (1,004)                      (288) 
----------------------------------------------------  --------  -----------  ---------  -------------- 
Total adjustments                                                     6,704                      4,188 
----------------------------------------------------  --------  -----------  ---------  -------------- 
Net Cash Provided by Operating Activities                            11,052                      8,947 
----------------------------------------------------  --------  -----------  ---------  -------------- 
 
Investing Activities 
Capital expenditures: 
  Purchase of property and equipment                                (5,121)                    (5,957) 
  Interest during construction                                         (61)                      (161) 
Acquisitions, net of cash acquired                                    (117)                      (234) 
Dispositions                                                             10                         56 
(Purchases) sales of securities, net                                    (1)                      (116) 
Advances to and investments in equity affiliates, 
 net                                                                  (111)                    (1,007) 
Cash collections of deferred purchase price                               -                        267 
----------------------------------------------------  --------  -----------  ---------  -------------- 
Net Cash Used in Investing Activities                               (5,401)                    (7,152) 
----------------------------------------------------  --------  -----------  ---------  -------------- 
 
Financing Activities 
Net change in short-term borrowings with original 
 maturities of three months or less                                   (256)                          - 
Issuance of other short-term borrowings                                 296                          - 
Repayment of other short-term borrowings                              (176)                          - 
Issuance of long-term debt                                            9,182                      2,565 
Repayment of long-term debt                                         (9,840)                    (4,911) 
Purchase of treasury stock                                            (189)                      (145) 
Issuance of treasury stock                                              167                         11 
Dividends paid                                                      (3,714)                    (3,070) 
Other                                                                   109                      2,048 
----------------------------------------------------  --------  -----------  ---------  -------------- 
Net Cash Used in Financing Activities                               (4,421)                    (3,502) 
----------------------------------------------------  --------  -----------  ---------  -------------- 
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents 
 and restricted cash                                                  1,230                    (1,707) 
Cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash 
 beginning 
 of year                                                              5,400                     50,932 
----------------------------------------------------  --------  -----------  ---------  -------------- 
Cash and Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash End 
 of Period                                            $               6,630  $                  49,225 
====================================================  ========  ===========  =========  ============== 
See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements. 
 AT&T INC. 
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY 
Dollars and shares in millions except per share amounts 
(Unaudited) 
-------------------------------  -----------  ------  --------  -----------  ---------  -------------- 
                                        March 31, 2019                      March 31, 2018 
                                 -----------------------------  -------------------------------------- 
                                   Shares          Amount         Shares              Amount 
-------------------------------  -----------  ----------------  -----------  ------------------------- 
Common Stock 
Balance at beginning of year           7,621       $     7,621        6,495          $           6,495 
Issuance of stock                          -                 -            -                          - 
-------------------------------  -----------  ------  --------  -----------  ---------  -------------- 
Balance at end of period               7,621       $     7,621        6,495          $           6,495 
===============================  ===========  ======  ========  ===========  =========  ============== 
 
Additional Paid-In Capital 
Balance at beginning of year                       $   125,525                       $          89,563 
Issuance of treasury stock                                (77)                                     (4) 
Share-based payments                                     (274)                                   (155) 
-------------------------------  -----------  ------  --------  -----------  ---------  -------------- 
Balance at end of period                           $   125,174                       $          89,404 
===============================  ===========  ======  ========  ===========  =========  ============== 
 
Retained Earnings 
Balance at beginning of year                       $    58,753                       $          50,500 
Net income attributable to AT&T 
 ($0.56 
 and $0.75 
 per diluted share)                                      4,096                                   4,662 
Dividends to stockholders 
 ($0.51 and 
 $0.50 per share)                                      (3,741)                                 (3,092) 
Cumulative effect of accounting 
 changes                                                   316                                   2,997 
-------------------------------  -----------  ------  --------  -----------  ---------  -------------- 
Balance at end of period                           $    59,424                       $          55,067 
===============================  ===========  ======  ========  ===========  =========  ============== 
 
Treasury Stock 
Balance at beginning of year           (339)       $  (12,059)        (356)          $        (12,714) 
Repurchase and acquisition of 
 common 
 stock                                   (7)             (208)          (4)                      (164) 
Issuance of treasury stock                22               815           12                        446 
-------------------------------  -----------  ------  --------  -----------  ---------  -------------- 
Balance at end of period               (324)       $  (11,452)        (348)          $        (12,432) 
===============================  ===========  ======  ========  ===========  =========  ============== 
 
Accumulated Other Comprehensive 
Income 
Attributable to AT&T, net of 
tax 
Balance at beginning of year                       $     4,249                       $           7,017 
Other comprehensive income 
 attributable 
 to AT&T                                                    96                                   1,024 
Amounts reclassified to 
 retained earnings                                           -                                   (655) 
-------------------------------  -----------  ------  --------  -----------  ---------  -------------- 
Balance at end of period                           $     4,345                       $           7,386 
===============================  ===========  ======  ========  ===========  =========  ============== 
 
Noncontrolling Interest 
Balance at beginning of year                       $     9,795                       $           1,146 
Net income attributable to 
 noncontrolling 
 interest                                                  252                                      97 
Interest acquired by 
 noncontrolling 
 owners                                                      9                                       - 
Distributions                                            (246)                                   (124) 
Translation adjustments 
 attributable 
 to noncontrolling 
 interest, net of taxes                                      -                                       2 
Cumulative effect of accounting 
 changes                                                    29                                      35 
-------------------------------  -----------  ------  --------  -----------  ---------  -------------- 
 
Balance at end of period                           $     9,839                       $           1,156 
===============================  ===========  ======  ========  ===========  =========  ============== 
 
Total Stockholders' Equity at 
 beginning 
 of year                                           $   193,884                       $         142,007 
===============================  ===========  ======  ========  ===========  =========  ============== 
Total Stockholders' Equity at 
 end 
 of period                                         $   194,951                       $         147,076 
===============================  ===========  ======  ========  ===========  =========  ============== 
See Notes to Consolidated 
 Financial 
 Statements. 
 
 

NOTE 1. PREPARATION OF INTERIM FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Basis of Presentation Throughout this document, AT&T Inc. is referred to as "we," "AT&T" or the "Company." The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and subsidiaries and affiliates which we control, including the operating results of Warner Media, LLC (formerly Time Warner Inc. and referred to as "Time Warner" or "WarnerMedia"), which was acquired on June 14, 2018 (see Note 8). AT&T is a holding company whose subsidiaries and affiliates operate worldwide in the telecommunications, media and technology industries. You should read this document in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2018. The results for the interim periods are not necessarily indicative of those for the full year. These consolidated financial statements include all adjustments that are necessary to present fairly the results for the presented interim periods, consisting of normal recurring accruals and other items.

All significant intercompany transactions are eliminated in the consolidation process. Investments in subsidiaries and partnerships which we do not control but have significant influence are accounted for under the equity method. Earnings from certain investments accounted for using the equity method are included for periods ended within up to one quarter of our period end. We also record our proportionate share of our equity method investees' other comprehensive income (OCI) items.

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the financial statements and accompanying notes, including estimates of probable losses and expenses. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Certain prior period amounts have been conformed to the current period's presentation.

In the tables throughout this document, percentage increases and decreases that are not considered meaningful are denoted with a dash.

Adopted Accounting Standards and Other Changes

Leases As of January 1, 2019, we adopted, with modified retrospective application, Accounting Standards Update (ASU) No. 2016-02, "Leases (Topic 842)," as modified (ASC 842), which replaces existing leasing rules with a comprehensive lease measurement and recognition standard and expanded disclosure requirements (see Note 10). ASC 842 requires lessees to recognize most leases on their balance sheets as liabilities, with corresponding "right-of-use" assets. For income statement recognition purposes, leases are classified as either a finance or an operating lease without relying upon bright-line tests.

The key change upon adoption of the standard was balance sheet recognition, given that the recognition of lease expense on our income statement is similar to our current accounting. Using the modified retrospective transition method of adoption, we did not adjust the balance sheet for comparative periods but recorded a cumulative effect adjustment to retained earnings on January 1, 2019. We elected the package of practical expedients permitted under the transition guidance within the new standard, which, among other things, allowed us to carry forward our historical lease classification. We also elected the practical expedient related to land easements, allowing us to carry forward our accounting treatment for land easements on existing agreements that were not accounted for as leases. We excluded all the leases with original terms of one year or less. Additionally, we elected to not separate lease and non-lease components for certain classes of assets in arrangements where we are the lessee and for certain classes of assets where we are the lessor. Our accounting for finance leases did not change from our prior accounting for capital leases.

The adoption of ASC 842 resulted in the recognition of an operating lease liability of $22,121 and an operating right-of-use asset of the same amount. Existing prepaid and deferred rent accruals were recorded as an offset to the right-of-use asset, resulting in a net asset of $20,960. The cumulative effect of the adoption to retained earnings was an increase of $316 reflecting the reclassification of deferred gains related to sale/leaseback transactions. We do not believe the standard will materially impact our future income statements or have a notable impact on our liquidity. The standard will have no impact on our debt-covenant compliance under our current agreements.

Deferral of Episodic Television and Film Costs In March 2019, the FASB issued ASU No. 2019-02, "Entertainment-Films-Other Assets-Film Costs (Subtopic 926-20) and Entertainment-Broadcasters-Intangibles-Goodwill and Other (Subtopic 920-350): Improvements to Accounting for Costs of Films and License Agreements for Program Materials" (ASU 2019-02), which we early adopted as of January 1, 2019, with prospective application. The standard eliminates certain revenue-related constraints on capitalization of inventory costs for episodic television that existed under prior guidance. In addition, the balance sheet classification requirements that existed in prior guidance for film production costs and programming inventory were eliminated. As of January 1, 2019, we reclassified $2,274 of our programming inventory costs from "Other current assets" to "Other Assets" in accordance with the guidance. This change in accounting does not materially impact our income statement.

Spectrum Licenses in Mexico During the first quarter of 2019, in conjunction with the renewal process of certain spectrum licenses in Mexico, we reassessed the estimated economic lives and renewal assumptions for these licenses. As a result, we have changed the life of these licenses from indefinite to finite-lived. On January 1, 2019, we began amortizing our spectrum licenses in Mexico over their average remaining economic life of 25 years. This change in accounting does not materially impact our income statement.

NOTE 2. EARNINGS PER SHARE

A reconciliation of the numerators and denominators of basic and diluted earnings per share for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, is shown in the table below:

 
                                                           Three months ended 
                                                               March 31, 
                                                             2019        2018 
-------------------------------------------------------  ------------  -------- 
Numerators 
Numerator for basic earnings per share: 
  Net Income                                             $      4,348  $  4,759 
  Less: Net income attributable to noncontrolling 
   interest                                                     (252)      (97) 
-------------------------------------------------------      --------   ------- 
  Net Income attributable to AT&T                               4,096     4,662 
  Dilutive potential common shares: 
     Share-based payment                                            6         5 
-------------------------------------------------------      --------   ------- 
Numerator for diluted earnings per share                 $      4,102  $  4,667 
=======================================================      ========   ======= 
Denominators (000,000) 
Denominator for basic earnings per share: 
  Weighted average number of common shares outstanding          7,313     6,161 
  Dilutive potential common shares: 
     Share-based payment (in shares)                               29        19 
-------------------------------------------------------      --------   ------- 
Denominator for diluted earnings per share                      7,342     6,180 
=======================================================      ========   ======= 
Basic earnings per share attributable to AT&T            $       0.56  $   0.75 
Diluted earnings per share attributable to AT&T          $       0.56  $   0.75 
=======================================================      ========   ======= 
 

NOTE 3. OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME

Changes in the balances of each component included in accumulated OCI are presented below. All amounts are net of tax and exclude noncontrolling interest.

 
                                          Net 
                                      Unrealized 
                         Foreign         Gains          Net Unrealized             Defined               Accumulated 
                         Currency      (Losses)          Gains (Losses)            Benefit                  Other 
                       Translation        on             on Derivative          Postretirement          Comprehensive 
                        Adjustment    Securities          Instruments               Plans                  Income 
------------------   ---------------  -----------  ---  ---------------  ---  -----------------  ---  ----------------- 
Balance as of 
 December 
 31, 2018             $      (3,084)  $       (2)        $          818        $          6,517        $          4,249 
Other comprehensive 
 income 
 (loss) before 
 reclassifications               288           16                   127                       -                     431 
Amounts 
 reclassified 
 from accumulated 
 OCI                               -            -                    11  (1)              (346)  (2)              (335) 
-------------------      -----------   ----------  ---      -----------  ---      -------------  ---      ------------- 
Net other 
 comprehensive 
 income (loss)                   288           16                   138                   (346)                      96 
-------------------      -----------   ----------  ---      -----------  ---      -------------  ---      ------------- 
Balance as of March 
 31, 2019             $      (2,796)  $        14        $          956        $          6,171        $          4,345 
===================      ===========   ==========  ===      ===========  ===      =============  ===      ============= 
 
                                          Net 
                                      Unrealized 
                         Foreign         Gains          Net Unrealized             Defined               Accumulated 
                         Currency      (Losses)          Gains (Losses)            Benefit                  Other 
                       Translation        on             on Derivative          Postretirement          Comprehensive 
                        Adjustment    Securities          Instruments               Plans                  Income 
------------------   ---------------  -----------  ---  ---------------  ---  -----------------  ---  ----------------- 
Balance as of 
 December 
 31, 2017             $      (2,054)  $       660        $        1,402        $          7,009        $          7,017 
Other comprehensive 
 income 
 (loss) before 
 reclassifications               106         (12)                   674                     567                   1,335 
Amounts 
 reclassified 
 from accumulated 
 OCI                               -            -                    12  (1)              (323)  (2)              (311) 
-------------------      -----------   ----------  ---      -----------  ---      -------------  ---      ------------- 
Net other 
 comprehensive 
 income (loss)                   106         (12)                   686                     244                   1,024 
-------------------      -----------   ----------  ---      -----------  ---      -------------  ---      ------------- 
Amounts 
 reclassified 
 to retained 
 earnings                          -        (655)  (3)                -                       -                   (655) 
-------------------      -----------   ----------  ---      -----------  ---      -------------  ---      ------------- 
Balance as of March 
 31, 2018             $      (1,948)  $       (7)        $        2,088        $          7,253        $          7,386 
===================      ===========   ==========  ===      ===========  ===      =============  ===      ============= 
                    (Gains) losses are included in Interest expense in the consolidated 
  (1)                statements of income (see Note 7). 
                    The amortization of prior service credits associated with postretirement 
  (2)                benefits are included in Other income (expense) in the 
 consolidated statements of income (see Note 6). 
                    With the adoption of ASU 2016-01, the unrealized (gains) losses on 
  (3)                our equity investments are reclassified to retained earnings. 
 

NOTE 4. SEGMENT INFORMATION

Our segments are strategic business units that offer products and services to different customer segments over various technology platforms and/or in different geographies that are managed accordingly. We analyze our segments based on segment operating contribution, which consists of operating income, excluding acquisition-related costs and other significant items (as discussed below), and equity in net income (loss) of affiliates for investments managed within each segment. We have four reportable segments: (1) Communications, (2) WarnerMedia, (3) Latin America, and (4) Xandr.

We also evaluate segment and business unit performance based on EBITDA and/or EBITDA margin, which is defined as operating contribution excluding equity in net income (loss) of affiliates and depreciation and amortization. We believe EBITDA to be a relevant and useful measurement to our investors as it is part of our internal management reporting and planning processes and it is an important metric that management uses to evaluate operating performance. EBITDA does not give effect to cash used for debt service requirements and thus does not reflect available funds for distributions, reinvestment or other discretionary uses. EBITDA margin is EBITDA divided by total revenues.

The Communications segment provides wireless and wireline telecom, video and broadband services to consumers located in the U.S. or in U.S. territories and businesses globally. This segment contains the following business units:

   --      Mobility provides nationwide wireless service and equipment. 

-- Entertainment Group provides video, including over-the-top (OTT) services, broadband and voice communications services primarily to residential customers. This segment also sells advertising on DIRECTV and U-verse distribution platforms.

-- Business Wireline provides advanced IP-based services, as well as traditional voice and data services to business customers.

The WarnerMedia segment develops, produces and distributes feature films, television, gaming and other content in various physical and digital formats globally. Historical financial results from AT&T's Regional Sports Networks (RSNs) and equity investments (predominantly Game Show Network and Otter Media), previously included in Entertainment Group, have been reclassified into the WarnerMedia segment and are combined with the Time Warner operations for the period subsequent to our acquisition on June 14, 2018. This segment contains the following business units:

-- Turner is comprised of the historic Turner division as well as the financial results of our RSNs. This business unit primarily operates multichannel basic television networks and digital properties. Turner also sells advertising on its networks and digital properties.

-- Home Box Office consists of premium pay television and OTT services domestically and premium pay, basic tier television and OTT services internationally, as well as content licensing and home entertainment.

-- Warner Bros. consists of the production, distribution and licensing of television programming and feature films, the distribution of home entertainment products and the production and distribution of games.

The Latin America segment provides entertainment and wireless services outside of the U.S. This segment contains the following business units:

-- Vrio provides video services primarily to residential customers using satellite technology in Latin America and the Caribbean.

   --      Mexico provides wireless service and equipment to customers in Mexico. 

The Xandr segment provides advertising services and includes AppNexus, an advertising technology company we acquired in August 2018. Xander services utilize data insights to develop and deliver targeted advertising across video and digital platforms. Certain revenues in this segment are also reported by the Communications segment and are eliminated upon consolidation.

Corporate and Other reconcile our segment results to consolidated operating income and income before income taxes, and include:

-- Corporate, which consists of: (1) businesses no longer integral to our operations or which we no longer actively market, (2) corporate support functions, (3) impacts of corporate-wide decisions for which the individual operating segments are not being evaluated, (4) the reclassification of the amortization of prior service credits, which we continue to report with segment operating expenses, to consolidated other income (expense)-net and (5) the recharacterization of $150 of programming intangible asset amortization, for released programming acquired in the Time Warner acquisition, which we continue to report within WarnerMedia segment operating expense, to consolidated amortization expense.

-- Acquisition-related items which consists of items associated with the merger and integration of acquired businesses, including amortization of intangible assets.

-- Certain significant items includes (1) employee separation charges associated with voluntary and/or strategic offers, (2) losses resulting from abandonment or impairment of assets and (3) other items for which the segments are not being evaluated.

-- Eliminations and consolidations, which (1) removes transactions involving dealings between our segments, including content licensing between WarnerMedia and Communications, and (2) includes adjustments for our reporting of the advertising business.

Interest expense and other income (expense) - net, are managed only on a total company basis and are, accordingly, reflected only in consolidated results.

 
For the three months ended March 31, 2019 
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
                                                                                         Equity 
                                                                                         in Net 
                                      Operations                                         Income 
                                         and                Depreciation   Operating     (Loss) 
                                       Support                  and          Income        of         Segment 
                        Revenues       Expenses    EBITDA   Amortization     (Loss)    Affiliates   Contribution 
---------------------   --------      ----------   ------   ------------   ---------   ----------   ------------ 
Communications 
 Mobility              $  17,567  $       10,181  $ 7,386  $       2,035  $    5,351  $         -  $       5,351 
 Entertainment Group      11,328           8,527    2,801          1,323       1,478            -          1,478 
 Business Wireline         6,498           4,040    2,458          1,235       1,223            -          1,223 
---------------------   --------      ----------   ------   ------------   ---------   ----------   ------------ 
Total Communications      35,393          22,748   12,645          4,593       8,052            -          8,052 
---------------------   --------      ----------   ------   ------------   ---------   ----------   ------------ 
WarnerMedia 
 Turner                    3,443           2,136    1,307             60       1,247           25          1,272 
 Home Box Office           1,510             921      589             22         567           15            582 
 Warner Bros.              3,518           2,919      599             52         547            6            553 
 Other                      (92)              17    (109)              9       (118)           21           (97) 
---------------------   --------      ----------   ------   ------------   ---------   ----------   ------------ 
Total WarnerMedia          8,379           5,993    2,386            143       2,243           67          2,310 
---------------------   --------      ----------   ------   ------------   ---------   ----------   ------------ 
Latin America 
 Vrio                      1,067             866      201            169          32            -             32 
 Mexico                      651             725     (74)            131       (205)            -          (205) 
---------------------   --------      ----------   ------   ------------   ---------   ----------   ------------ 
Total Latin America        1,718           1,591      127            300       (173)            -          (173) 
---------------------   --------      ----------   ------   ------------   ---------   ----------   ------------ 
Xandr                        426             160      266             13         253            -            253 
---------------------   --------      ----------   ------   ------------   ---------   ----------   ------------ 
Segment Total             45,916          30,492   15,424          5,049      10,375  $        67  $      10,442 
=====================   ========      ==========   ======   ============   =========   ==========   ============ 
Corporate and Other 
 Corporate                   209             513    (304)            169       (473) 
 Acquisition-related 
  items                     (42)              73    (115)          1,988     (2,103) 
 Certain significant 
  items                        -             248    (248)              -       (248) 
Eliminations and 
 consolidations          (1,256)           (938)    (318)              -       (318) 
---------------------   --------      ----------   ------   ------------   --------- 
AT&T Inc.              $  44,827  $       30,388  $14,439  $       7,206  $    7,233 
=====================   ========      ==========   ======   ============   ========= 
For the three months ended March 31, 2018 
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
                                                                                         Equity 
                                                                                         in Net 
                                      Operations                                         Income 
                                         and                Depreciation   Operating     (Loss) 
                                       Support                  and          Income        of         Segment 
                        Revenues       Expenses    EBITDA   Amortization     (Loss)    Affiliates   Contribution 
---------------------   --------      ----------   ------   ------------   ---------   ----------   ------------ 
Communications 
 
 Mobility              $  17,355  $       10,102  $ 7,253  $       2,095  $    5,158  $         -  $       5,158 
 Entertainment Group      11,431           8,811    2,620          1,310       1,310          (1)          1,309 
 Business Wireline         6,747           4,016    2,731          1,170       1,561          (1)          1,560 
---------------------   --------      ----------   ------   ------------   ---------   ----------   ------------ 
Total Communications      35,533          22,929   12,604          4,575       8,029          (2)          8,027 
---------------------   --------      ----------   ------   ------------   ---------   ----------   ------------ 
WarnerMedia 
 Turner                      112              74       38              1          37           27             64 
 Home Box Office               -               -        -              -           -            -              - 
 Warner Bros.                  -               -        -              -           -            -              - 
 Other                         -               8      (8)              -         (8)         (17)           (25) 
---------------------   --------      ----------   ------   ------------   ---------   ----------   ------------ 
Total WarnerMedia            112              82       30              1          29           10             39 
---------------------   --------      ----------   ------   ------------   ---------   ----------   ------------ 
Latin America 
 Vrio                      1,354           1,001      353            205         148            -            148 
 Mexico                      671             803    (132)            127       (259)            -          (259) 
---------------------   --------      ----------   ------   ------------   ---------   ----------   ------------ 
Total Latin America        2,025           1,804      221            332       (111)            -          (111) 
---------------------   --------      ----------   ------   ------------   ---------   ----------   ------------ 
Xandr                        337              50      287              1         286            -            286 
---------------------   --------      ----------   ------   ------------   ---------   ----------   ------------ 
Segment Total             38,007          24,865   13,142          4,909       8,233  $         8  $       8,241 
=====================   ========      ==========   ======   ============   =========   ==========   ============ 
Corporate and Other 
 Corporate                   333             735    (402)             23       (425) 
 Acquisition-related 
  items                        -              67     (67)          1,062     (1,129) 
 Certain significant 
  items                        -             180    (180)              -       (180) 
 Eliminations and 
  consolidations           (302)             (4)    (298)              -       (298) 
---------------------   --------      ----------   ------   ------------   --------- 
AT&T Inc.              $  38,038  $       25,843  $12,195  $       5,994  $    6,201 
=====================   ========      ==========   ======   ============   ========= 
 

The following table is a reconciliation of Segment Contributions to "Income Before Income Taxes" reported on our consolidated statements of income.

 
                                                     Three months ended 
                                                          March 31, 
                                                      2019        2018 
---------------------------------------------  ---  ---------   -------- 
 
Communications                                   $      8,052  $   8,027 
WarnerMedia                                             2,310         39 
Latin America                                           (173)      (111) 
Xandr                                                     253        286 
---------------------------------------------  ---  ---------   -------- 
Segment Contribution                                   10,442      8,241 
---------------------------------------------  ---  ---------   -------- 
Reconciling Items: 
  Corporate and Other                                   (473)      (425) 
  Merger and integration items                          (115)       (67) 
  Amortization of intangibles acquired                (1,988)    (1,062) 
  Employee separation charges                           (248)       (51) 
  Natural disaster items                                    -      (104) 
  Foreign currency devaluation                              -       (25) 
  Segment equity in net income of affiliates             (67)        (8) 
  Eliminations and consolidations                       (318)      (298) 
---------------------------------------------  ---  ---------   -------- 
AT&T Operating Income                                   7,233      6,201 
---------------------------------------------  ---  ---------   -------- 
Interest Expense                                        2,141      1,771 
Equity in net income (loss) of affiliates                 (7)          9 
Other income (expense) - net                              286      1,702 
---------------------------------------------  ---  ---------   -------- 
Income Before Income Taxes                     $        5,371  $   6,141 
=============================================  ===  =========   ======== 
 

The following table presents intersegment revenues by segment.

 
Intersegment Reconciliation 
--------------------------------      ----------   ----- 
                                    Three months ended 
                                         March 31, 
                                       2019        2018 
--------------------------------  --------------  ------ 
Intersegment revenues 
Communications                    $            -  $    - 
WarnerMedia                                  858      31 
Latin America                                  -       - 
Xandr                                          -       - 
--------------------------------      ----------   ----- 
Total Intersegment Revenues                  858      31 
Consolidations                               398     271 
--------------------------------      ----------   ----- 
Eliminations and consolidations   $        1,256  $  302 
================================      ==========   ===== 
 

NOTE 5. REVENUE RECOGNITION

 
Revenue Categories 
The following tables set forth reported revenue by category: 
 
For the three months ended March 31, 2019 
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 
                                                           Service Revenues 
                  -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
                                                   Legacy 
                                     Advanced      Voice 
                       Wireless        Data        & Data      Subscription      Content      Advertising      Other      Equipment       Total 
----------------  ---  --------      --------      ------      ------------      -------      -----------      -----      ---------      ------- 
Communications 
 
  Mobility          $    13,725  $          -  $        -  $              -  $         -  $            67  $       -  $       3,775  $    17,567 
  Entertainment 
   Group                      -         2,070         683             7,724            -              350        501              -       11,328 
  Business Wireline           -         3,186       2,404                 -            -                -        749            159        6,498 
WarnerMedia 
  Turner                      -             -           -             1,965          135            1,261         82              -        3,443 
  Home Box Office             -             -           -             1,334          173                -          3              -        1,510 
  Warner Bros.                -             -           -                21        3,332               10        155              -        3,518 
  Eliminations 
   and Other                  -             -           -                49        (152)                8          3              -         (92) 
Latin America 
  Vrio                        -             -           -             1,067            -                -          -              -        1,067 
  Mexico                    442             -           -                 -            -                -          -            209          651 
Xandr                         -             -           -                 -            -              426          -              -          426 
Corporate and 
 Other                        -             -           -                 -            -                -        167              -          167 
Eliminations and 
 consolidations               -             -           -                 -        (837)            (350)       (69)              -      (1,256) 
---------------------  --------      --------      ------      ------------      -------      -----------      -----      ---------      ------- 
Total Operating 
 Revenues           $    14,167  $      5,256  $    3,087  $         12,160  $     2,651  $         1,772  $   1,591  $       4,143  $    44,827 
================  ===  ========      ========      ======      ============      =======      ===========      =====      =========      ======= 
 
 
For the three months ended March 31, 2018 
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
                                                           Service Revenues 
                  -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
                                                   Legacy 
                                     Advanced      Voice 
                       Wireless        Data        & Data      Subscription      Content      Advertising      Other      Equipment      Total 
----------------  ---  --------      --------      ------      ------------      -------      -----------      -----      ---------      ------ 
Communications 
 
  Mobility          $    13,362  $          -  $        -  $              -  $         -  $            41  $       -  $       3,952  $   17,355 
  Entertainment 
   Group                      -         1,878         806             7,891            -              334        519              3      11,431 
  Business Wireline           -         3,043       2,865                 -            -                -        669            170       6,747 
WarnerMedia 
  Turner                      -             -           -                98            -               14          -              -         112 
  Home Box 
  Office                      -             -           -                 -            -                -          -              -           - 
  Warner Bros.                -             -           -                 -            -                -          -              -           - 
  Eliminations 
   and Other                  -             -           -                 -            -                -          -              -           - 
Latin America 
  Vrio                        -             -           -             1,354            -                -          -              -       1,354 
  Mexico                    404             -           -                 -            -                -          -            267         671 
Xandr                         -             -           -                 -            -              337          -              -         337 
Corporate and 
 Other                        -             -           -                 -            -                -        333              -         333 
Eliminations and 
 consolidations               -             -           -                 -            -            (334)         32              -       (302) 
---------------------  --------      --------      ------      ------------      -------      -----------      -----      ---------      ------ 
Total Operating 
 Revenues           $    13,766  $      4,921  $    3,671  $          9,343  $         -  $           392  $   1,553  $       4,392  $   38,038 
================  ===  ========      ========      ======      ============      =======      ===========      =====      =========      ====== 
 

Deferred Customer Contract Acquisition and Fulfillment Costs

Costs to acquire customer contracts, including commissions on service activations, for our wireless, business wireline and video entertainment services, are deferred and amortized over the contract period or expected customer relationship life, which typically ranges from two to five years. Costs to fulfill customer contracts are deferred and amortized over periods ranging generally from four to five years, reflecting the estimated economic lives of the respective customer relationships, subject to an assessment of the recoverability of such costs. For contracts with an estimated amortization period of less than one year, we expense incremental costs immediately.

Our deferred customer contract acquisition costs and deferred customer contract fulfillment costs balances were $4,297 and $11,592 as of March 31, 2019, respectively, of which $2,143 and $4,214 were included in Other current assets on our consolidated balance sheets. For the three months ended March 31, 2019, we amortized $547 and $1,098 of these costs, respectively.

Our deferred customer contract acquisition costs and deferred customer contract fulfillment costs balances were $3,974 and $11,540 as of December 31, 2018, respectively, of which $1,901 and $4,090 were included in Other current assets on our consolidated balance sheets. For the three months ended March 31, 2018, we amortized $263 and $1,047 of these costs, respectively.

Contract Assets and Liabilities

A contract asset is recorded when revenue is recognized in advance of our right to bill and receive consideration (i.e., we must perform additional services or satisfy another performance obligation in order to bill and receive consideration). The contract asset will decrease as services are provided and billed. When consideration is received in advance of the delivery of goods or services, a contract liability is recorded. Reductions in the contract liability will be recorded as we satisfy the performance obligations.

The following table presents contract assets and liabilities at March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018:

 
                                   December 
                       March 31,      31, 
                         2019        2018 
-------------------    ---------   -------- 
 
Contract asset        $    2,198  $   1,896 
Contract liability         6,899      6,856 
====================   =========   ======== 
 

Our beginning of period contract liability recorded as customer contract revenue during 2019 was $4,379.

Our consolidated balance sheets at March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018 included approximately $1,462 and $1,244, respectively, for the current portion of our contract asset in "Other current assets" and $5,715 and $5,752, respectively, for the current portion of our contract liability in "Advanced billings and customer deposits."

Remaining Performance Obligations

Remaining performance obligations represent services we are required to provide to customers under bundled or discounted arrangements, which are satisfied as services are provided over the contract term. In determining the transaction price allocated, we do not include non-recurring charges and estimates for usage, nor do we consider arrangements with an original expected duration of less than one year, which are primarily prepaid wireless, video and residential internet agreements.

Remaining performance obligations associated with business contracts reflect recurring charges billed, adjusted to reflect estimates for sales incentives and revenue adjustments. Performance obligations associated with wireless contracts are estimated using a portfolio approach in which we review all relevant promotional activities, calculating the remaining performance obligation using the average service component for the portfolio and the average device price. As of March 31, 2019, the aggregate amount of the transaction price allocated to remaining performance obligations was $39,627 of which we expect to recognize approximately 80% by the end of 2020, with the balance recognized thereafter.

NOTE 6. PENSION AND POSTRETIREMENT BENEFITS

Many of our employees are covered by one of our noncontributory pension plans. We also provide certain medical, dental, life insurance and death benefits to certain retired employees under various plans and accrue actuarially determined postretirement benefit costs. Our objective in funding these plans, in combination with the standards of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended (ERISA), is to accumulate assets sufficient to provide benefits described in the plans to employees upon their retirement.

During the quarter, for certain management participants in our pension plan who terminated employment before April 1, 2019, we offered the option of more favorable 2018 interest rates and mortality basis for determining lump-sum distributions. For the quarter ended March 31, 2019 we recorded special termination benefits of $93 associated with this offer in "Other income (expense) - net." During the first quarter, we also committed to a plan to offer certain terminated vested pension plan participants the opportunity to receive their benefit in a lump-sum amount.

We recognize actuarial gains and losses on pension and postretirement plan assets in our consolidated results as a component of other income (expense) - net at our annual measurement date of December 31, unless earlier remeasurements are required. We anticipate total distributions from the pension plan will exceed the threshold of service and interest costs for 2019, requiring us to follow settlement accounting. We have remeasured our pension benefit obligations at March 31, 2019, and will remeasure our pension benefit obligation at each quarter-end of 2019 as we expect settlements to occur during each quarter.

As part of our first-quarter 2019 remeasurement, we decreased the weighted-average discount rate used to measure our pension benefit obligation from 4.50% to 4.10%. The discount rate in effect for determining pension service and interest costs after remeasurement is 4.30% and 3.70%, respectively. The remeasurement reflects an actual return on plan assets of 5.80% (quarterly rate) relative to our expected long-term rate of 7.00% (annual rate).

The following table details pension and postretirement benefit costs included in the accompanying consolidated statements of income. The service cost component of net periodic pension cost (benefit) is recorded in operating expenses in the consolidated statements of income while the remaining components are recorded in "Other income (expense) - net."

 
                                                            Three months ended 
                                                                March 31, 
                                                              2019        2018 
--------------------------------------------------------  ------------  -------- 
Pension cost: 
 
  Service cost - benefits earned during the period          $      240  $    291 
  Interest cost on projected benefit obligation                    549       487 
  Expected return on assets                                      (851)     (760) 
  Amortization of prior service credit                            (33)      (30) 
  Actuarial (gain) loss                                            432         - 
--------------------------------------------------------  ----  ------   ------- 
  Net pension (credit) cost                                $       337  $   (12) 
========================================================  ====  ======   ======= 
 
Postretirement cost: 
 
  Service cost - benefits earned during the period          $       18  $     29 
  Interest cost on accumulated postretirement benefit 
   obligation                                                      186       191 
  Expected return on assets                                       (56)      (77) 
  Amortization of prior service credit                           (426)     (397) 
  Actuarial (gain) loss                                              -     (930) 
--------------------------------------------------------  ----  ------   ------- 
  Net postretirement (credit) cost                         $     (278)  $(1,184) 
========================================================  ====  ======   ======= 
 
  Combined net pension and postretirement (credit) cost    $        59  $(1,196) 
========================================================  ====  ======   ======= 
 

We also provide senior- and middle-management employees with nonqualified, unfunded supplemental retirement and savings plans. For the first quarter ended 2019 and 2018, net supplemental pension benefits costs not included in the table above were $25 and $21.

NOTE 7. FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS AND DISCLOSURE

The Fair Value Measurement and Disclosure framework provides a three-tiered fair value hierarchy based on the reliability of the inputs used to determine fair value. Level 1 refers to fair values determined based on quoted prices in active markets for identical assets. Level 2 refers to fair values estimated using significant other observable inputs and Level 3 includes fair values estimated using significant unobservable inputs.

The fair value measurements level of an asset or liability within the fair value hierarchy is based on the lowest level of any input that is significant to the fair value measurement. Our valuation techniques maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs.

The valuation methodologies described above may produce a fair value calculation that may not be indicative of future net realizable value or reflective of future fair values. We believe our valuation methods are appropriate and consistent with other market participants. The use of different methodologies or assumptions to determine the fair value of certain financial instruments could result in a different fair value measurement at the reporting date. There have been no changes in the methodologies used since December 31, 2018.

Long-Term Debt and Other Financial Instruments

The carrying amounts and estimated fair values of our long-term debt, including current maturities, and other financial instruments, are summarized as follows:

 
                                       March 31, 2019                      December 31, 2018 
                            ------------------------------------  ----------------------------------- 
                                Carrying             Fair             Carrying             Fair 
                                 Amount              Value             Amount             Value 
-------------------------   -----------------  -----------------  -----------------  ---------------- 
Notes and debentures(1)     $         170,532  $         179,576  $         171,529  $        172,287 
Commercial paper                        2,957              2,957              3,048             3,048 
Bank borrowings                             4                  4                  4                 4 
Investment securities(2)                3,606              3,606              3,409             3,409 
==========================      =============      =============      =============      ============ 
(1)                        Includes credit agreement borrowings. 
(2)                        Excludes investments accounted for under the equity method. 
 

The carrying amount of debt with an original maturity of less than one year approximates market value. The fair value measurements used for notes and debentures are considered Level 2 and are determined using various methods, including quoted prices for identical or similar securities in both active and inactive markets.

Following is the fair value leveling for investment securities that are measured at fair value and derivatives as of March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018. Derivatives designated as hedging instruments are reflected as "Other assets," "Other noncurrent liabilities" and, for a portion of interest rate swaps, "Other current assets" on our consolidated balance sheets.

 
                                                   March 31, 2019 
                                      ---------------------------------------- 
                                       Level 1   Level 2    Level 3    Total 
 -----------------------------------  ---------  --------  ---------  -------- 
Equity Securities 
  Domestic equities                   $   1,092  $      -   $      -  $  1,092 
  International equities                    263         -          -       263 
  Fixed income equities                     208         -          -       208 
Available-for-Sale Debt Securities            -       989          -       989 
Asset Derivatives 
  Interest rate swaps                         -         2          -         2 
  Cross-currency swaps                        -       427          -       427 
  Foreign exchange contracts                  -        87          -        87 
Liability Derivatives 
  Interest rate swaps                         -      (13)          -      (13) 
  Cross-currency swaps                        -   (2,697)          -   (2,697) 
  Foreign exchange contracts                  -       (6)          -       (6) 
====================================      =====   =======  ====  ===   ======= 
 
 
                                                 December 31, 2018 
                                      ---------------------------------------- 
                                       Level 1   Level 2    Level 3    Total 
 -----------------------------------  ---------  --------  ---------  -------- 
Equity Securities 
  Domestic equities                   $   1,061  $      -   $      -  $  1,061 
  International equities                    256         -          -       256 
  Fixed income equities                     172         -          -       172 
Available-for-Sale Debt Securities            -       870          -       870 
Asset Derivatives 
  Cross-currency swaps                        -       472          -       472 
  Foreign exchange contracts                  -        87          -        87 
Liability Derivatives 
  Interest rate swaps                         -      (39)          -      (39) 
  Cross-currency swaps                        -   (2,563)          -   (2,563) 
  Foreign exchange contracts                  -       (2)          -       (2) 
====================================      =====   =======  ====  ===   ======= 
 

Investment Securities

Our investment securities include both equity and debt securities that are measured at fair value, as well as equity securities without readily determinable fair values. A substantial portion of the fair values of our investment securities are estimated based on quoted market prices. Investments in equity securities not traded on a national securities exchange are valued at cost, less any impairment, and adjusted for changes resulting from observable, orderly transactions for identical or similar securities. Investments in debt securities not traded on a national securities exchange are valued using pricing models, quoted prices of securities with similar characteristics or discounted cash flows.

The components comprising total gains and losses on equity securities are as follows:

 
                                                               Three months ended 
                                                                   March 31, 
                                                               2019         2018 
----------------------------------------------------------  ----------  ------------ 
Total gains (losses) recognized on equity securities        $      160  $       (13) 
Gains (Losses) recognized on equity securities sold                 86            52 
----------------------------------------------------------      ------      -------- 
Unrealized gains (losses) recognized on equity securities 
 held at end of period                                              74          (65) 
==========================================================      ======      ======== 
 

At March 31, 2019, available-for-sale debt securities totaling $989 have maturities as follows - less than one year: $46; one to three years: $178; three to five years: $98; for five or more years: $667.

Our cash equivalents (money market securities), short-term investments (certificate and time deposits) and nonrefundable customer deposits are recorded at amortized cost, and the respective carrying amounts approximate fair values. Short-term investments and nonrefundable customer deposits are recorded in "Other current assets" and our investment securities are recorded in "Other Assets" on the consolidated balance sheets.

Derivative Financial Instruments

We enter into derivative transactions to manage certain market risks, primarily interest rate risk and foreign currency exchange risk. This includes the use of interest rate swaps, interest rate locks, foreign exchange forward contracts and combined interest rate foreign exchange contracts (cross-currency swaps). We do not use derivatives for trading or speculative purposes. We record derivatives on our consolidated balance sheets at fair value that is derived from observable market data, including yield curves and foreign exchange rates (all of our derivatives are Level 2). Cash flows associated with derivative instruments are presented in the same category on the consolidated statements of cash flows as the item being hedged.

Fair Value Hedging We designate our fixed-to-floating interest rate swaps as fair value hedges. The purpose of these swaps is to manage interest rate risk by managing our mix of fixed-rate and floating-rate debt. These swaps involve the receipt of fixed-rate amounts for floating interest rate payments over the life of the swaps without exchange of the underlying principal amount.

We also designate some of our foreign exchange contracts as fair value hedges. The purpose of these contracts is to hedge currency risk associated with foreign-currency-denominated operating assets and liabilities.

Accrued and realized gains or losses from fair value hedges impact the same category on the consolidated statements of income as the item being hedged. Unrealized gains on fair value hedges are recorded at fair market value as assets, and unrealized losses are recorded at fair market value as liabilities. Changes in the fair value of derivative instruments designated as fair value hedges are offset against the change in fair value of the hedged assets or liabilities through earnings. In the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, no ineffectiveness was measured on fair value hedges.

Cash Flow Hedging We designate our cross-currency swaps as cash flow hedges. We have entered into multiple cross-currency swaps to hedge our exposure to variability in expected future cash flows that are attributable to foreign currency risk generated from the issuance of our foreign-denominated debt. These agreements include initial and final exchanges of principal from fixed foreign currency denominated amounts to fixed U.S. dollar denominated amounts, to be exchanged at a specified rate that is usually determined by the market spot rate upon issuance. They also include an interest rate swap of a fixed or floating foreign currency-denominated interest rate to a fixed U.S. dollar denominated interest rate.

We also designate some of our foreign exchange contracts as cash flow hedges. The purpose of these contracts is to hedge currency risk associated with variability in anticipated foreign-currency-denominated cash flows, such as unremitted or forecasted royalty and license fees owed to WarnerMedia's domestic companies for the sale or anticipated sale of U.S. copyrighted products abroad or cash flows for certain film production costs denominated in a foreign currency.

Unrealized gains on derivatives designated as cash flow hedges are recorded at fair value as assets, and unrealized losses are recorded at fair value as liabilities. For derivative instruments designated as cash flow hedges, the effective portion is reported as a component of accumulated OCI until reclassified into the consolidated statements of income in the same period the hedged transaction affects earnings. The gain or loss on the ineffective portion is recognized as "Other income (expense) - net" in the consolidated statements of income in each period. We evaluate the effectiveness of our cash flow hedges each quarter. In the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, no ineffectiveness was measured on cash flow hedges.

Periodically, we enter into and designate interest rate locks to partially hedge the risk of changes in interest payments attributable to increases in the benchmark interest rate during the period leading up to the probable issuance of fixed-rate debt. We designate our interest rate locks as cash flow hedges. Gains and losses when we settle our interest rate locks are amortized into income over the life of the related debt, except where a material amount is deemed to be ineffective, which would be immediately reclassified to "Other income (expense) - net" in the consolidated statements of income. Over the next 12 months, we expect to reclassify $63 from accumulated OCI to interest expense due to the amortization of net losses on historical interest rate locks.

Net Investment Hedging We have designated EUR700 million aggregate principal amount of debt as a hedge of the variability of some of the Euro-denominated net investments of WarnerMedia. The gain or loss on the debt that is designated as, and is effective as, an economic hedge of the net investment in a foreign operation is recorded as a currency translation adjustment within accumulated other comprehensive income, net on the consolidated balance sheet.

Collateral and Credit-Risk Contingency We have entered into agreements with our derivative counterparties establishing collateral thresholds based on respective credit ratings and netting agreements. At March 31, 2019, we had posted collateral of $334 (a deposit asset) and held collateral of $166 (a receipt liability). Under the agreements, if AT&T's credit rating had been downgraded one rating level by Fitch Ratings, before the final collateral exchange in March, we would have been required to post additional collateral of $175. If AT&T's credit rating had been downgraded four ratings levels by Fitch Ratings, two levels by S&P, and two levels by Moody's, we would have been required to post additional collateral of $1,360. If DIRECTV Holdings LLC's credit rating had been downgraded below BBB- by S&P, we would have been required to post additional collateral of $258. At December 31, 2018, we had posted collateral of $1,675 (a deposit asset) and held collateral of $103 (a receipt liability). We do not offset the fair value of collateral, whether the right to reclaim cash collateral (a receivable) or the obligation to return cash collateral (a payable) exists, against the fair value of the derivative instruments.

Following are the notional amounts of our outstanding derivative positions:

 
                                           December 
                              March 31,       31, 
--------------------------- 
                                2019         2018 
---------------------------  -----------  ---------- 
Interest rate swaps          $     1,633  $    3,483 
Cross-currency swaps              42,192      42,192 
Foreign exchange contracts         1,238       2,094 
---------------------------      -------      ------ 
Total                        $    45,063  $   47,769 
===========================      =======      ====== 
 

Following are the related hedged items affecting our financial position and performance:

 
Effect of Derivatives on the Consolidated Statements 
 of Income 
-----------------------------------------------------      --------   ------- 
                                                         Three months ended 
                                                             March 31, 
Fair Value Hedging Relationships                           2019        2018 
-----------------------------------------------------  ------------  -------- 
Interest rate swaps (Interest expense): 
    Gain (Loss) on interest rate swaps                 $         24  $   (53) 
    Gain (Loss) on long-term debt                              (24)        53 
=====================================================      ========   ======= 
 

In addition, the net swap settlements that accrued and settled in the quarter ended March 31 were offset against interest expense.

 
                                                       Three months ended 
                                                           March 31, 
Cash Flow Hedging Relationships                          2019        2018 
---------------------------------------------------  ------------  -------- 
Cross-currency swaps: 
    Gain (Loss) recognized in accumulated OCI        $        168  $    854 
Foreign exchange contracts: 
    Gain (Loss) recognized in accumulated OCI                 (7)         - 
    Other income (expense) - net reclassified from 
     accumulated OCI into income                                3         - 
Interest rate locks: 
    Interest income (expense) reclassified from 
     accumulated OCI into income                             (16)      (15) 
===================================================      ========   ======= 
 

NOTE 8. ACQUISITIONS, DISPOSITIONS AND OTHER ADJUSTMENTS

Acquisitions

Time Warner On June 14, 2018, we completed our acquisition of Time Warner, a leader in media and entertainment whose major businesses encompass an array of some of the most respected media brands. The deal combines Time Warner's vast library of content and ability to create new premium content for audiences around the world with our extensive customer relationships and distribution, one of the world's largest pay-TV subscriber bases and scale in TV, mobile and broadband distribution. We expect that the transaction will advance our direct-to-consumer efforts and provide us with the ability to develop innovative new offerings.

In July 2018, the U.S. Department of Justice (DOJ) appealed the U.S. District Court's decision permitting the merger. On February 26, 2019, the D.C. Circuit unanimously affirmed our win. AT&T's representations to the DOJ regarding its operation of Turner expired on February 28, 2019. The DOJ did not ask the D.C. Circuit to rehear its appeal before the applicable April 12, 2019 deadline, and it stated publicly on February 26, 2018 that "[t]he department has no plans to seek further review" of the D.C. Circuit's decision. The DOJ's deadline to file a petition for writ of certiorari with the United States Supreme Court is May 28, 2019.

We paid Time Warner shareholders $36,599 in AT&T stock and $42,100 in cash. Total consideration, including share-based payment arrangements and other adjustments totaled $79,358, excluding Time Warner's net debt at acquisition. The fair values of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed were preliminarily determined using the income, cost and market approaches. The fair value measurements were primarily based on significant inputs that are not observable in the market and thus represent a Level 3 measurement as defined in ASC 820, "Fair Value Measurement," other than cash and long-term debt acquired in the acquisition. The income approach was primarily used to value the intangible assets, consisting primarily of distribution network, released TV and film content, in-place advertising network, trade names, and franchises. The income approach estimates fair value for an asset based on the present value of cash flow projected to be generated by the asset. Projected cash flow is discounted at a required rate of return that reflects the relative risk of achieving the cash flow and the time value of money. The cost approach, which estimates value by determining the current cost of replacing an asset with another of equivalent economic utility, was used, as appropriate, for plant, property and equipment. The cost to replace a given asset reflects the estimated reproduction or replacement cost for the property, less an allowance for loss in value due to depreciation.

The following table summarizes the preliminary estimated fair values of the Time Warner assets acquired and liabilities assumed and related deferred income taxes as of the acquisition date:

 
Assets acquired 
      Cash                                                           $  1,889 
      Accounts receivable                                               9,052 
      All other current assets                                          2,913 
      Noncurrent inventory and theatrical film and television 
       production costs                                                 5,591 
      Property, plant and equipment                                     4,785 
      Intangible assets subject to amortization 
        Distribution network                                           18,040 
        Released television and film content                           10,806 
        Trademarks and trade names                                     18,081 
        Other                                                          10,300 
      Investments and other assets                                      9,449 
      Goodwill                                                         38,569 
-------------------------------------------------------------------   ------- 
Total assets acquired                                                 129,475 
-------------------------------------------------------------------   ------- 
 
Liabilities assumed 
      Current liabilities, excluding current portion of long-term 
       debt                                                             8,303 
      Debt maturing within one year                                     4,471 
      Long-term debt                                                   18,394 
      Other noncurrent liabilities                                     18,948 
-------------------------------------------------------------------   ------- 
Total liabilities assumed                                              50,116 
-------------------------------------------------------------------   ------- 
Net assets acquired                                                    79,359 
-------------------------------------------------------------------   ------- 
Noncontrolling interest                                                   (1) 
-------------------------------------------------------------------   ------- 
Aggregate value of consideration paid                                $ 79,358 
===================================================================   ======= 
 

These estimates are preliminary in nature and subject to adjustments, which could be material. Any necessary adjustments will be finalized within one year from the date of acquisition. Substantially all the receivables acquired are expected to be collectible. We have not identified any material unrecorded pre-acquisition contingencies where the related asset or liability, or an impairment is probable and the amount can be reasonably estimated. Goodwill is calculated as the difference between the acquisition date fair value of the consideration transferred and the fair value of the net assets acquired, and represents the future economic benefits that we expect to achieve as a result of the acquisition. Prior to the finalization of the purchase price allocation, if information becomes available that would indicate it is probable that unknown events had occurred and the amounts can be reasonably estimated, such items will be included in the final purchase price allocation and may change goodwill. Purchased goodwill is not expected to be deductible for tax purposes. As we finalize the valuation of assets acquired and liabilities assumed, we will determine to which reporting units within the WarnerMedia segment any changes in goodwill should be recorded.

NOTE 9. SALES OF RECEIVABLES

As described further below, we have agreements with various third-party financial institutions pertaining to the sale of certain types of our accounts receivable. The most significant of these programs are discussed in detail below and generally consist of (1) receivables arising from equipment installment plans, which are sold for cash and a deferred purchase price, and (2) receivables related to licensed programming and advertising. Under these programs, we transfer receivables to purchasers in exchange for cash and additional consideration upon settlement of the receivables, where applicable. Under the terms of our agreements for these programs, we continue to bill and collect the payments from our customers on behalf of the financial institutions.

As of March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, gross receivables included on our consolidated balance sheets, related to these programs, are $6,611 and $5,994, respectively, of which $3,072 and $3,457 are notes receivable that are included in "Accounts receivable - net."

The outstanding portfolio of receivables derecognized from our consolidated balance sheets, but which we continue to service, was $10,863 and $9,065 at March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively. As of March 31, 2019, total cash proceeds received, net of remittances (excluding amounts returned as deferred purchase price), were $8,387.

The following table sets forth a summary of receivables sold during the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018:

 
                                                              Three months ended 
                                                                   March 31, 
                                                   2019                                 2018 
---------------------------------   -----------------------------------  ---------------------------------- 
Gross receivables sold              $                             4,101  $                            3,010 
Net receivables sold(1)                                           3,909                               2,795 
Cash proceeds received                                            3,675                               2,395 
Deferred purchase price recorded                                    309                                 519 
Guarantee obligation recorded                                       138                                 123 
==================================  ======  ===========================  =====  =========================== 
                                   Receivables net of allowance, imputed interest and trade-in right 
(1)                                 guarantees. 
 

The sales of receivables did not have a material impact on our consolidated statements of income or to "Total Assets" reported on our consolidated balance sheets. We reflect cash receipts on sold receivables as cash flows from operations in our consolidated statements of cash flows. Cash receipts on the deferred purchase price are classified as cash flows from investing activities.

Equipment Installment Receivables

We offer our customers the option to purchase certain wireless devices in installments over a specified period of time and, in many cases, once certain conditions are met, they may be eligible to trade in the original equipment for a new device and have the remaining unpaid balance paid or settled.

We maintain a program, under which we transfer a portion of these receivables in exchange for cash and additional consideration upon settlement of the receivables, referred to as the deferred purchase price. In the event a customer trades in a device prior to the end of the installment contract period, we agree to make a payment to the financial institutions equal to any outstanding remaining installment receivable balance. Accordingly, we record a guarantee obligation for this estimated amount at the time the receivables are transferred.

The deferred purchase price and guarantee obligation are initially recorded at estimated fair value and subsequently carried at the lower of cost or net realizable value. The estimation of their fair values is based on remaining installment payments expected to be collected and the expected timing and value of device trade-ins. The estimated value of the device trade-ins considers prices offered to us by independent third parties that contemplate changes in value after the launch of a device model. The fair value measurements used for the deferred purchase price and the guarantee obligation are considered Level 3 under the Fair Value Measurement and Disclosure framework (see Note 7).

The following table shows the previously transferred equipment installment receivables, which we repurchased in exchange for the associated deferred purchase price and cash during the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018:

 
                                                                  Three months ended 
                                                                       March 31, 
                                                           2019                                    2018 
----------------------------------   -------------------------------------------------  -------------------------- 
Fair value of repurchased 
 receivables                         $                                             423  $                        - 
Carrying value of deferred purchase 
 price                                                                             407                           - 
-----------------------------------  -------------  ----------------------------------  ------------  ------------ 
Gain (loss) on repurchases(1)        $                                              16  $                        - 
===================================  =============  ==================================  ============  ============ 
                                    These gains (losses) are included in "Selling, general and administrative" 
(1)                                  in the consolidated statements of income. 
 

At March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, our deferred purchase price receivable was $2,240 and $2,370, respectively, of which $1,418 and $1,448 are included in "Other current assets" on our consolidated balance sheets, with the remainder in "Other Assets." The guarantee obligation at March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018 was $430 and $439, respectively, of which $160 and $196 are included in "Accounts payable and accrued liabilities" on our consolidated balance sheets, with the remainder in "Other noncurrent liabilities." Our maximum exposure to loss as a result of selling these equipment installment receivables is limited to the total amount of our deferred purchase price and guarantee obligation.

Programing and Advertising Receivables

In March 2019, we entered into a revolving agreement to transfer certain receivables from our WarnerMedia business to various financial institutions in exchange for cash. These receivables originate from the sale of licensed programing and advertising. Upon sale, we reclassify the allowance against these receivables to a guarantee liability. We have fully guaranteed the repayment of the transferred receivables and have also pledged, as collateral under this agreement, additional receivables in the amount of $1,402. Our maximum exposure to loss related to selling these receivables is limited to the outstanding $1,400 of sold receivables.

NOTE 10. LEASES

We have operating and finance leases for certain facilities and equipment used in operations. Our leases have remaining lease terms of 1 year to 13 years. Some of our real estate operating leases contain renewal options that may be exercised, and some of our leases include options to terminate the leases within one year.

We have recognized a right-of-use asset for both operating and finance leases, and an operating lease liability that represents the present value of our obligation to make payments over the lease term. The present value of the lease payments is calculated using the incremental borrowing rate for operating and finance leases, which was determined using a portfolio approach based on the rate of interest that we would have to pay to borrow an amount equal to the lease payments on a collateralized basis over a similar term. We use the unsecured borrowing rate and risk-adjust that rate to approximate a collateralized rate in the currency of the lease, which will be updated on a quarterly basis for measurement of new lease liabilities.

The components of lease expense were as follows:

 
                                          Three months 
                                              ended 
                                         March 31, 2019 
--------------------------------------  ---------------- 
Operating lease cost                    $          1,242 
======================================  ===  =========== 
 
Finance lease cost: 
  Amortization of right-of-use assets   $             66 
  Interest on lease obligation                        42 
--------------------------------------  ---  ----------- 
Total finance lease cost                $            108 
======================================  ===  =========== 
 

Supplemental balance sheet information related to leases is as follows:

 
At March 31, 2019 
 
Operating Leases 
  Operating lease right-of-use assets         $ 20,235 
 
  Accounts payable and accrued liabilities    $  3,072 
  Operating lease obligation                    18,253 
--------------------------------------------   -------  --- 
Total operating lease obligation              $ 21,325 
============================================   =======  === 
 
Finance Leases 
  Property, plant and equipment, at cost      $  3,377 
  Accumulated depreciation and amortization    (1,173) 
--------------------------------------------   -------  --- 
Property, plant and equipment, net            $  2,204 
============================================   =======  === 
 
  Current portion of long-term debt           $    135 
  Long-term debt                                 1,852 
--------------------------------------------   -------  --- 
Total finance lease obligation                $  1,987 
============================================   =======  === 
 
Weighted-Average Remaining Lease Term 
  Operating leases                                 7.9  yrs 
  Finance leases                                  10.9  yrs 
 
Weighted-Average Discount Rate 
  Operating leases                                 4.7% 
  Finance leases                                   8.6% 
============================================   ======= 
 

Future minimum maturities of lease liabilities are as follows:

 
At March 31, 2019        Operating   Finance 
                          Leases      Leases 
----------------------  -----------  -------- 
Remainder of 2019       $     3,201  $    246 
2020                          3,981       290 
2021                          3,533       279 
2022                          3,231       263 
2023                          2,893       254 
Thereafter                    9,633     1,828 
----------------------      -------   ------- 
Total lease payments         26,472     3,160 
----------------------      -------   ------- 
Less imputed interest       (5,147)   (1,173) 
----------------------      -------   ------- 
Total                   $    21,325  $  1,987 
======================      =======   ======= 
 

NOTE 11. ADDITIONAL FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Cash and Cash Flows

We typically maintain our restricted cash balances for purchases and sales of certain investment securities and funding of certain deferred compensation benefit payments.

 
                                         March 31,      December 31, 
                                      ---------------  --------------- 
Cash and Cash Equivalents and 
 Restricted Cash                       2019     2018    2018     2017 
-----------------------------------    -----   ------   -----   ------ 
  Cash and cash equivalents           $6,516  $48,872  $5,204  $50,498 
  Restricted cash in Other current 
   assets                                 20        8      61        6 
  Restricted cash in Other Assets         94      345     135      428 
------------------------------------   -----   ------   -----   ------ 
  Cash and cash equivalents and 
   restricted cash                    $6,630  $49,225  $5,400  $50,932 
====================================   =====   ======   =====   ====== 
 
 
                                                      Three months ended 
                                                          March 31, 
--------------------------------------------------  ---------------------- 
Cash Paid for Amounts Included in the Measurement       2019        2018 
 of Lease Liabilities: 
--------------------------------------------------  ------------  -------- 
  Operating cash flows from operating leases        $      1,332  $  1,207 
--------------------------------------------------      --------   ------- 
 
 
 
                                                 Three months ended 
                                                     March 31, 
--------------------------------------------   ---------------------- 
Cash Paid (Received) During the Period for:         2019      2018 
--------------------------------------------       ------   --------- 
  Interest                                     $    2,507  $    2,408 
  Income taxes, net of refunds                      (379)     (1,089) 
=============================================      ======   ========= 
 

OVERVIEW

AT&T Inc. is referred to as "we," "AT&T" or the "Company" throughout this document, and the names of the particular subsidiaries and affiliates providing the services generally have been omitted. AT&T is a holding company whose subsidiaries and affiliates operate worldwide in the telecommunications, media and technology industries. You should read this discussion in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes (Notes). We completed the acquisition of Time Warner Inc. (Time Warner) on June 14, 2018, and have included its results after that date. In accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP), operating results from Time Warner prior to the acquisition are excluded.

We have four reportable segments: (1) Communications, (2) WarnerMedia, (3) Latin America and (4) Xandr. Our segment results presented in Note 4 and discussed below follow our internal management reporting. We analyze our segments based on segment operating contribution, which consists of operating income, excluding acquisition-related costs and other significant items, and equity in net income (loss) of affiliates for investments managed within each segment. Percentage increases and decreases that are not considered meaningful are denoted with a dash.

 
                                         First Quarter 
                                   -------------------------- 
                                                      Percent 
                                     2019     2018    Change 
---------------------------------  --------  -------  ------- 
Operating Revenues 
  Communications                   $ 35,393  $35,533    (0.4)% 
  WarnerMedia                         8,379      112        - 
  Latin America                       1,718    2,025   (15.2) 
  Xandr                                 426      337     26.4 
  Corporate and other                   167      333   (49.8) 
  Eliminations and consolidation    (1,256)    (302)        - 
---------------------------------   -------   ------ 
AT&T Operating Revenues              44,827   38,038     17.8 
=================================   =======   ====== 
 
Operating Contribution 
  Communications                      8,052    8,027      0.3 
  WarnerMedia                         2,310       39        - 
  Latin America                       (173)    (111)   (55.9) 
  Xandr                                 253      286   (11.5) 
---------------------------------   -------   ------ 
Segment Operating Contribution     $ 10,442  $ 8,241     26.7% 
=================================   =======   ======  ======= 
 

The Communications segment provides services to businesses and consumers located in the U.S. or in U.S. territories and businesses globally. Our business strategies reflect bundled product offerings that cut across product lines and utilize shared assets. This segment contains the following business units:

   --      Mobility provides nationwide wireless service and equipment. 

-- Entertainment Group provides video, including over-the-top (OTT) services, broadband and voice communications services primarily to residential customers. This segment also sells advertising on DIRECTV and U-verse distribution platforms.

-- Business Wireline provides advanced IP-based services, as well as traditional voice and data services to business customers.

The WarnerMedia segment develops, produces and distributes feature films, television, gaming and other content over various physical and digital formats. This segment contains the following business units:

-- Turner is comprised of the historic Turner division as well as the financial results of our AT&T's Regional Sports Networks (RSNs). This business unit primarily operates multichannel basic television networks and digital properties. Turner also sells advertising on its networks and digital properties.

-- Home Box Office consists of premium pay television and OTT services domestically and premium pay, basic tier television and OTT services internationally, as well as content licensing and home entertainment.

-- Warner Bros. consists of the production, distribution and licensing of television programming and feature films, the distribution of home entertainment products and the production and distribution of games.

The Latin America segment provides entertainment and wireless services outside of the U.S. This segment contains the following business units:

-- Vrio provides video services primarily to residential customers using satellite technology in Latin America and the Caribbean.

   --      Mexico provides wireless service and equipment to customers in Mexico. 

The Xandr segment provides advertising services and includes our recently acquired AppNexus. These services utilize data insights to develop and deliver targeted advertising across video and digital platforms.

RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

Consolidated Results Our financial results are summarized in the following discussions. Additional analysis is discussed in our "Segment Results" section. Percentage increases and decreases that are not considered meaningful are denoted with a dash. Certain prior period amounts have been reclassified to conform to the current period's presentation.

 
                                        First Quarter 
                                  ------------------------- 
                                                    Percent 
                                   2019     2018    Change 
--------------------------------  -------  -------  ------- 
Operating Revenues 
  Service                         $40,684  $33,646     20.9% 
  Equipment                         4,143    4,392    (5.7) 
--------------------------------   ------   ------ 
Total Operating Revenues           44,827   38,038     17.8 
--------------------------------   ------   ------ 
 
Operating expenses 
  Operations and support           30,388   25,843     17.6 
  Depreciation and amortization     7,206    5,994     20.2 
--------------------------------   ------   ------ 
Total Operating Expenses           37,594   31,837     18.1 
--------------------------------   ------   ------ 
Operating Income                    7,233    6,201     16.6 
--------------------------------   ------   ------ 
Interest expense                    2,141    1,771     20.9 
Equity in net income (loss) 
 of affiliates                        (7)        9        - 
Other income (expense) - net          286    1,702   (83.2) 
--------------------------------   ------   ------ 
Income Before Income Taxes          5,371    6,141   (12.5) 
Net Income                          4,348    4,759    (8.6) 
Net Income Attributable to AT&T   $ 4,096  $ 4,662   (12.1)% 
================================   ======   ======  ======= 
 

Operating revenues increased in the first quarter of 2019. The increase was primarily due to our 2018 acquisition of Time Warner. Partially offsetting these increases in revenues were declines in our Latin America segment and Communications segment, driven by lower legacy services, video and wireless equipment revenues. Revenues were also negatively impacted by foreign exchange pressure.

Operations and support expenses increased in the first quarter of 2019. The increase was primarily due to our 2018 acquisition of Time Warner, partially offset by lower equipment costs in our Communications and Latin America segments and lower expenses due to our continued focus on cost management.

Depreciation and amortization expense increased in the first quarter of 2019. Depreciation expense increased $285, or 5.8%, primarily due to the Time Warner acquisition as well as ongoing capital spending for network upgrades and expansion.

Amortization expense increased $927 in 2019 primarily due to the amortization of intangibles associated with WarnerMedia.

Operating income increased in the first quarter of 2019. Our operating income margin in the first quarter decreased from 16.3% in 2018 to 16.1% in 2019.

Interest expense increased in the first quarter of 2019. The increase was primarily due to higher debt balances related to our acquisition of Time Warner, including interest expense on Time Warner notes.

Equity in net income of affiliates decreased in the first quarter of 2019, primarily due to basis amortization of Time Warner investments, which were acquired in the second quarter of 2018.

Other income (expense) - net decreased in the first quarter of 2019. The decrease was primarily due to actuarial losses of $432 in 2019 compared to an actuarial gain of $930 in the comparable prior year. First-quarter 2019 also includes $45 of debt redemption expenses.

Income taxes decreased in the first quarter of 2019. Our effective tax rate was 19.0% for the first quarter of 2019, versus 22.5% for the comparable year prior. The decrease in income tax expense was primarily due to lower income before income taxes and the impacts of tax settlements in the first quarter of 2019. The decrease in our effective tax rate was primarily due to the impacts of tax settlements.

 
COMMUNICATIONS SEGMENT                       First Quarter 
                                       ------------------------- 
                                                         Percent 
                                        2019     2018    Change 
-------------------------------------  -------  -------  ------- 
Segment Operating Revenues 
  Mobility                             $17,567  $17,355      1.2% 
  Entertainment Group                   11,328   11,431    (0.9) 
  Business Wireline                      6,498    6,747    (3.7) 
-------------------------------------   ------   ------ 
Total Segment Operating Revenues        35,393   35,533    (0.4) 
=====================================   ======   ====== 
 
Segment Operating Contribution 
  Mobility                               5,351    5,158      3.7 
  Entertainment Group                    1,478    1,309     12.9 
  Business Wireline                      1,223    1,560   (21.6) 
-------------------------------------   ------   ------ 
Total Segment Operating Contribution   $ 8,052  $ 8,027      0.3% 
=====================================   ======   ======  ======= 
 
 
Selected Subscribers and Connections 
-------------------------------------  -------  ------ 
                                        First Quarter 
(000s)                                  2019     2018 
-------------------------------------  -------  ------ 
Total domestic broadband connections    15,737  15,775 
Network access lines in service          9,576  11,288 
U-verse VoIP connections                 4,935   5,585 
=====================================  =======  ====== 
 
 

Operating revenues decreased in the first quarter of 2019, driven by declines in our Entertainment Group and Business Wireline business units, partially offset by increases in our Mobility business unit. The decreases reflect continued declines in legacy voice and data products, decreased equipment revenues from lower postpaid smartphone sales and the shift to over-the-top (OTT) video offerings, largely offset by higher wireless service and advanced data revenues.

Operating contribution increased in the first quarter of 2019, reflecting improvement in our Mobility and Entertainment Group business units, partially offset by declines in our Business Wireline business unit. Our Communications segment operating income margin in the first quarter increased from 22.6% in 2018 to 22.8% in 2019.

 
Communications Business Unit Discussion 
Mobility Results 
------------------------------------------   ------   ------  ----- 
                                                   First Quarter 
                                            --------------------------- 
                                                               Percent 
                                             2019     2018     Change 
------------------------------------------  -------  ------- 
Operating revenues 
  Service                                   $13,792  $13,403    2.9% 
  Equipment                                   3,775    3,952  (4.5) 
------------------------------------------   ------   ------ 
Total Operating Revenues                     17,567   17,355    1.2 
------------------------------------------   ------   ------ 
 
Operating expenses 
  Operations and support                     10,181   10,102    0.8 
  Depreciation and amortization               2,035    2,095  (2.9) 
------------------------------------------   ------   ------ 
Total Operating Expenses                     12,216   12,197    0.2 
------------------------------------------   ------   ------ 
Operating Income                              5,351    5,158    3.7 
Equity in Net Income (Loss) of Affiliates         -        -      - 
------------------------------------------   ------   ------ 
Operating Contribution                      $ 5,351  $ 5,158    3.7% 
==========================================   ======   ======  ===== 
 

The following tables highlight other key measures of performance for Mobility:

 
                                                          First Quarter       Percent 
(in 000s)                                                2019       2018      Change 
-----------------------------------------------------  ---------  --------  ----------- 
Wireless Subscribers 
  Postpaid smartphones                                    60,597    60,002      1.0% 
  Postpaid feature phones and data-centric 
   devices                                                15,953    17,429    (8.5) 
-----------------------------------------------------  ---------  -------- 
Postpaid                                                  76,550    77,431    (1.1) 
Prepaid                                                   17,180    15,671      9.6 
Reseller                                                   7,574     9,002   (15.9) 
Connected devices(1)                                      54,428    41,728     30.4 
-----------------------------------------------------  ---------  -------- 
Total Wireless Subscribers                               155,732   143,832      8.3 
=====================================================  =========  ======== 
 
Wireless Net Additions(2) 
  Postpaid                                                 (204)        49        - 
  Prepaid                                                     96       241   (60.2) 
  Reseller                                                 (253)     (388)     34.8 
  Connected devices(1)                                     3,088     2,728     13.2 
-----------------------------------------------------  ---------  -------- 
Wireless Net Subscriber Additions                          2,727     2,630      3.7 
=====================================================  =========  ======== 
 
Postpaid Phone Subscribers                                63,438    63,657    (0.3) 
Postpaid Phone Net Additions                                  80      (60)        -% 
=====================================================  =========  ========  ======= 
 
Postpaid Churn(3)                                           1.17      1.06       11  BP 
Postpaid Phone-Only Churn (3)                               0.93      0.84        9  BP 
=====================================================  =========  ========  ======= 
(1)    Includes data-centric devices such as session-based tablets, monitoring 
        devices and primarily wholesale automobile systems. Excludes 
 postpaid tablets. 
(2)    Excludes acquisition-related additions 
        during the period. 
(3)    Calculated by dividing the aggregate number of wireless subscribers 
        who canceled service during a month divided by the total number 
 of wireless subscribers at the beginning of that month. The churn 
  rate for the period is equal to the average of the churn rate for 
 each month of that period. 
 

Service revenue increased in the first quarter largely due to higher average revenue per subscriber (ARPU) and growth in Cricket and AT&T PREPAID(SM) subscribers.

ARPU

ARPU increased in the first quarter primarily due to price actions that were not in effect in the comparative prior year.

Churn

The effective management of subscriber churn is critical to our ability to maximize revenue growth and to maintain and improve margins. Postpaid churn and postpaid phone-only churn was higher in the first quarter due to continued competitive pricing in the industry.

Equipment revenue decreased in the first quarter driven by lower postpaid smartphone sales, resulting from the continuing trend of customers choosing to upgrade devices less frequently or bring their own.

Operations and support expenses increased in the first quarter primarily due to higher commission deferral amortization, partially offset by lower postpaid smartphone volumes and increased operational efficiencies.

Depreciation expense decreased in the first quarter primarily due to fully depreciated assets, partially offset by ongoing capital spending for network upgrades and expansion.

Operating income increased in the first quarter. Our Mobility operating income margin in the first quarter increased from 29.7% in 2018 to 30.5% in 2019. Our Mobility EBITDA margin in the first quarter increased from 41.8% in 2018 to 42.0% in 2019. EBITDA is defined as operating contribution excluding equity in net income (loss) of affiliates and depreciation and amortization.

Subscriber Relationships

As the wireless industry has matured, future wireless growth will increasingly depend on our ability to offer innovative services, plans and devices and to provide these services in bundled product offerings with our video and broadband services. Subscribers that purchase two or more services from us have significantly lower churn than subscribers that purchase only one service. To support higher mobile video and data usage, our priority is to best utilize a wireless network that has sufficient spectrum and capacity to support these innovations on as broad a geographic basis as possible.

To attract and retain subscribers in a mature and highly competitive market, we have launched a wide variety of plans. Virtually all of our postpaid smartphone subscribers are on plans that provide for service on multiple devices at reduced rates, and such subscribers tend to have higher retention and lower churn rates. Such offerings are intended to encourage existing subscribers to upgrade their current services and/or add connected devices, attract subscribers from other providers and/or minimize subscriber churn.

Connected Devices

Connected devices include data-centric devices such as session-based tablets, monitoring devices and primarily wholesale automobile systems. The number of connected device subscriber relationships increased during the first quarter of 2019, driven by the addition of approximately 2.0 million wholesale connected cars through agreements with various carmakers and strong growth in other Internet of Things (IoT) connections. We believe that these connected car agreements give us the opportunity to create future retail relationships with the car owners.

 
Entertainment Group Results 
------------------------------------------   ------  ---  ------  ------ 
                                                   First Quarter 
                                            ---------------------------- 
                                                                   Percent 
                                             2019       2018        Change 
------------------------------------------  -------  -----------  ---------- 
Operating revenues 
    Video entertainment                     $ 8,074  $     8,225   (1.8)% 
    High-speed internet                       2,070        1,878    10.2 
    Legacy voice and data services              683          806  (15.3) 
    Other service and equipment                 501          522   (4.0) 
------------------------------------------   ------  ---  ------ 
Total Operating Revenues                     11,328       11,431   (0.9) 
------------------------------------------   ------  ---  ------ 
 
Operating expenses 
    Operations and support                    8,527        8,811   (3.2) 
    Depreciation and amortization             1,323        1,310     1.0 
------------------------------------------   ------  ---  ------ 
Total Operating Expenses                      9,850       10,121   (2.7) 
------------------------------------------   ------  ---  ------ 
Operating Income                              1,478        1,310    12.8 
Equity in Net Income (Loss) of Affiliates         -          (1)       - 
------------------------------------------   ------  ---  ------ 
 
Operating Contribution                      $ 1,478    $   1,309    12.9% 
==========================================   ======  ===  ======  ====== 
 

The following tables highlight other key measures of performance for the Entertainment Group business unit:

 
                                                           First Quarter 
                                                                            ----------- 
(in 000s)                                                  2019     2018     Percent Change 
--------------------------------------------------------  -------  -------  ---------------- 
Video Connections 
  Premium TV(1)                                            22,359   23,902        (6.5)% 
  DIRECTV NOW(2)                                            1,508    1,467          2.8 
--------------------------------------------------------  -------  ------- 
Total Video Connections                                    23,867   25,369        (5.9) 
========================================================  =======  ======= 
 
Broadband Connections 
  IP(1)                                                    13,822   13,616          1.5 
  DSL                                                         632      816       (22.5) 
--------------------------------------------------------  -------  ------- 
Total Broadband Connections                                14,454   14,432          0.2 
========================================================  =======  ======= 
 
Retail Consumer Switched Access Lines                       3,787    4,535       (16.5) 
U-verse Consumer VoIP Connections                           4,393    5,105       (13.9) 
--------------------------------------------------------  -------  ------- 
Total Retail Consumer Voice Connections                     8,180    9,640       (15.1) 
========================================================  =======  ======= 
 
Video Net Additions 
  Premium TV(1,3)                                           (544)    (187)            - 
  DIRECTV NOW(2)                                             (83)      312            - 
--------------------------------------------------------  -------  ------- 
Net Video Additions                                         (627)      125            - 
========================================================  =======  ======= 
 
Broadband Net Additions 
  IP(1)                                                        93      154       (39.6) 
  DSL                                                        (48)     (72)         33.3 
--------------------------------------------------------  -------  ------- 
Net Broadband Additions                                        45       82       (45.1) 
========================================================  =======  ======= 
 
Fiber Broadband Connections (included in 
 IP)                                                        3,060    1,955         56.5 
Fiber Broadband Net Additions (included in 
 IP)                                                          297      226         31.4% 
========================================================  =======  =======  =========== 
      2019 includes the impact of aligning our subscriber billing practice 
(1)    with the industry and AT&T Mobility to extend customer business 
 disconnection period to the end of the billing cycle, resulting in 
  an increase of 117 net video and 38 net broadband subscribers at March 
 31, 2019. 
      Consistent with industry practice, DIRECTV NOW includes connections 
(2)    that are on a free-trial. 
      Includes disconnections for customers that 
(3)    migrated to DIRECTV NOW. 
 

Video entertainment revenues are comprised of subscription and advertising revenues. Revenues decreased in the first quarter of 2019, largely driven by a 6.5% decline in premium TV subscribers. Our customers continue to shift, consistent with the rest of the industry, from a premium linear service to our more economically priced OTT video service which has pressured our video revenues. OTT net additions declined in the first quarter due to price changes and promotions. Churn rose for subscribers with premium TV only service, partially reflecting price increases.

High-speed internet revenues increased in the first quarter of 2019. In addition to the shift of subscribers to our higher-speed fiber services, our bundling strategy is helping to lower churn with subscribers who bundle broadband with another AT&T service, having about half the churn of broadband-only subscribers.

Legacy voice and data service revenues decreased in the first quarter of 2019, reflecting the continued migration of customers to our more advanced IP-based offerings or to competitors.

Operations and support expenses decreased in the first quarter of 2019. Contributing to the decreases were lower marketing costs and volumes, our ongoing focus on cost efficiencies, a one-time settlement of a carriage dispute and the impact of a prior update to the estimated economic life for our entertainment group customers.

Depreciation expense increased in the first quarter of 2019, primarily due to our ongoing capital spending for network upgrades and expansion.

Operating income increased in the first quarter of 2019. Our Entertainment Group operating income margin in the first quarter increased from 11.5% in 2018 to 13.0% in 2019. Our Entertainment Group EBITDA margin in the first quarter increased from 22.9% in 2018 to 24.7% in 2019.

 
Business Wireline Results 
------------------------------------------   -----   -----  ------ 
                                                First Quarter 
                                            ---------------------- 
                                                             Percent 
                                             2019    2018     Change 
------------------------------------------ 
Operating revenues 
    Strategic and managed services          $3,792  $3,595     5.5% 
    Legacy voice and data services           2,404   2,865  (16.1) 
    Other service and equipment                302     287     5.2 
 
Total Operating Revenues                     6,498   6,747   (3.7) 
------------------------------------------   -----   ----- 
 
Operating expenses 
    Operations and support                   4,040   4,016     0.6 
    Depreciation and amortization            1,235   1,170     5.6 
------------------------------------------   -----   ----- 
Total Operating Expenses                     5,275   5,186     1.7 
 
Operating Income                             1,223   1,561  (21.7) 
Equity in Net Income (Loss) of Affiliates        -     (1)       - 
                                             ----- 
Operating Contribution                      $1,223  $1,560  (21.6)% 
 
 

Strategic and managed services revenues increased in the first quarter of 2019. Our strategic services are made up of (1) data services, including our VPN, dedicated internet ethernet and broadband, (2) voice service, including VoIP and cloud-based voice solutions, (3) security and cloud solutions, and (4) managed, professional and outsourcing services. Revenue increases were primarily attributable to growth in our security and cloud solutions and managed services.

Legacy voice and data service revenues decreased in the first quarter of 2019, primarily due to lower demand as customers continue to shift to our more advanced IP-based offerings or our competitors.

Other service and equipment revenues increased in the first quarter of 2019, driven by revenues from intellectual property. Other service revenues include project-based revenue, which is nonrecurring in nature, as well as revenues from customer premises equipment.

Operations and support expenses increased in the first quarter of 2019, primarily due to higher fulfillment deferral amortization. Partially offsetting the increase is our continued efforts to shift to a software-based network and automate and digitize our customer support activities.

Depreciation expense increased in the first quarter, primarily due to increases in capital spending for network upgrades and expansion.

Operating income decreased in the first quarter of 2019. Our Business Wireline operating income margin in the first quarter decreased from 23.1% in 2018 to 18.8% in 2019. Our Business Wireline EBITDA margin in the first quarter decreased from 40.5% in 2018 to 37.8% in 2019.

 
WARNERMEDIA SEGMENT                         First Quarter 
                                                       Percent 
                                        2019   2018    Change 
Segment Operating Revenues 
  Turner                               $3,443  $ 112    -% 
  Home Box Office                       1,510      -    - 
  Warner Bros.                          3,518      -    - 
  Eliminations & Other                   (92)      -    - 
                                        -----   ---- 
Total Segment Operating Revenues        8,379    112    - 
 
Segment Operating Contribution 
  Turner                                1,272     64    - 
  Home Box Office                         582      -    - 
  Warner Bros.                            553      -    - 
  Eliminations & Other                   (97)   (25)    - 
                                        -----   ---- 
Total Segment Operating Contribution   $2,310  $  39    -% 
 

Our WarnerMedia segment consists of our Turner, Home Box Office and Warner Bros. business units. The order of presentation reflects the consistency of revenue streams, rather than overall magnitude as that is subject to timing and frequency of studio releases. WarnerMedia also includes our financial results for RSNs, which comprise the prior period results reported in this segment.

The WarnerMedia segment does not include results from Time Warner operations for the periods prior to our June 14, 2018 acquisition. Otter Media is included as an equity method investment for periods prior to our August 7, 2018 acquisition of the remaining interest and is in the segment operating results following the acquisition. Consistent with our past practice, many of the fair value adjustments from the application of purchase accounting required under GAAP have not been allocated to the segment, instead they are reported as acquisition-related items in the reconciliation to consolidated results.

Operating revenues were $8,379 in the first quarter of 2019.

Operating contribution was $2,310 for the first quarter of 2019. Our WarnerMedia segment operating income margin was 26.8%.

 
WarnerMedia Business Unit Discussion 
Turner Results 
                                          First Quarter 
                                                    Percent 
                                      2019   2018   Change 
-----------------------------------  ------  ----  --------- 
Operating revenues 
    Subscription                     $1,965  $ 98      -% 
    Advertising                       1,261    14      - 
    Content and other                   217     -      - 
-----------------------------------   -----   --- 
Total Operating Revenues              3,443   112      - 
-----------------------------------   -----   --- 
 
Operating expenses 
    Operations and support            2,136    74      - 
    Depreciation and amortization        60     1      - 
-----------------------------------   -----   --- 
Total Operating Expenses              2,196    75      - 
-----------------------------------   -----   --- 
Operating Income                      1,247    37      - 
Equity in Net Income of Affiliates       25    27  (7.4) 
-----------------------------------   -----   --- 
Operating Contribution               $1,272  $ 64      -% 
 

Turner includes the WarnerMedia businesses managed by Turner as well as our financial results for RSNs, which comprise the prior period results reported in this business unit.

Operating revenues for Turner are generated primarily from licensing programming to distribution affiliates and from selling advertising on its networks and digital properties. Revenues for the first quarter included $1,965 of subscription, $1,261 of advertising and $217 of content and other revenue.

Operations and support expenses totaled $2,136 for the first quarter of 2019.

Operating income was $1,247 in the first quarter of 2019. Our Turner operating income margin was 36.2% in the first quarter of 2019. Our Turner EBITDA margin was 38.0% in the first quarter of 2019.

 
Home Box Office Results 
-----------------------------------      ------          ---  ---- 
                                             First Quarter 
                                     ----------------------------- 
                                                          Percent 
                                        2019      2018    Change 
                                     ----------  ------ 
Operating revenues 
    Subscription                     $    1,334  $    -    -% 
    Content and other                       176       -    - 
Total Operating Revenues                  1,510       -    - 
-----------------------------------      ------ 
 
Operating expenses 
    Operations and support                  921       -    - 
    Depreciation and amortization            22       -    - 
-----------------------------------      ------ 
Total Operating Expenses                    943       -    - 
-----------------------------------      ------ 
Operating Income                            567       -    - 
Equity in Net Income of Affiliates           15       -    - 
-----------------------------------      ------ 
Operating Contribution               $      582  $    -    -% 
 

Operating revenues for Home Box Office are generated from the exploitation of original and licensed programming through distribution outlets. Revenues for the first quarter included $1,334 of subscription and $176 of content and other revenue.

Operations and support expenses totaled $921 for the first quarter of 2019.

Operating income was $567 in the first quarter of 2019. Our Home Box Office operating income margin was 37.5% in the first quarter of 2019. Our Home Box Office EBITDA margin was 39.0% in the first quarter of 2019.

 
Warner Bros. Results 
                                            First Quarter 
                                                     Percent 
                                      2019    2018   Change 
-----------------------------------          ------  ------- 
Operating revenues 
    Theatrical product               $1,506  $    -        -% 
    Television product                1,613       -        - 
    Games and other                     399       -        - 
----------------------------------- 
Total Operating Revenues              3,518       -        - 
----------------------------------- 
 
Operating expenses 
    Operations and support            2,919       -        - 
    Depreciation and amortization        52       -        - 
----------------------------------- 
Total Operating Expenses              2,971       -        - 
----------------------------------- 
Operating Income                        547       -        - 
Equity in Net Income of Affiliates        6       -        - 
----------------------------------- 
Operating Contribution               $  553  $    -        -% 
 

Operating revenues for Warner Bros. primarily relate to theatrical product (which is content made available for initial exhibition in theaters) and television product (which is content made available for initial airing on television or OTT services). For the first quarter, total operating revenues were $3,518 and included $1,506 from theatrical product, $1,613 from television product and $399 from games and other.

Operations and support expenses totaled $2,919 for the first quarter of 2019.

Operating income was $547 in the first quarter of 2019. Our Warner Bros. operating income margin was 15.5% in the first quarter of 2019. Our Warner Bros. EBITDA margin was 17.0% in the first quarter of 2019.

 
LATIN AMERICA SEGMENT                        First Quarter 
                                                        Percent 
                                        2019    2018     Change 
Segment Operating Revenues 
  Vrio                                 $1,067  $1,354  (21.2)% 
  Mexico                                  651     671   (3.0) 
                                        -----   ----- 
Total Segment Operating Revenues        1,718   2,025  (15.2) 
 
Segment Operating Contribution 
  Vrio                                     32     148  (78.4) 
  Mexico                                (205)   (259)    20.8 
 
Total Segment Operating Contribution   $(173)  $(111)  (55.9)% 
 
 

Operating Results

Our Latin America operations conduct business in their local currency and operating results are converted to U.S. dollars using official exchange rates, subjecting results to foreign currency fluctuations.

Operating revenues decreased in the first quarter of 2019 driven by lower revenues for Vrio, primarily resulting from foreign exchange pressure.

Operating contribution decreased in the first quarter of 2019, reflecting foreign exchange pressure. Our Latin America segment operating income margin in the first quarter was (10.1)% in 2019 and (5.5)% in 2018.

 
Latin America Business Unit Discussion 
Vrio Results 
                                             -----  ------ 
                                          First Quarter 
                                                     Percent 
                                     2019    2018     Change 
                                    ------  ------  ---------- 
Operating revenues                  $1,067  $1,354  (21.2)% 
 
Operating expenses 
    Operations and support             866   1,001  (13.5) 
    Depreciation and amortization      169     205  (17.6) 
 
Total Operating Expenses             1,035   1,206  (14.2) 
 
Operating Income                        32     148  (78.4) 
Operating Contribution              $   32  $  148  (78.4)% 
 

The following tables highlight other key measures of performance for Vrio:

 
                                                                First Quarter 
                                                                                               Percent 
(in 000s)                                   2019                       2018                     Change 
                                 --------------------------  -------------------------  ---------------------- 
Vrio Video Subscribers(1,2)                          13,584                     13,573           0.1% 
                                 ==========================  =========================  ============ ======= 
 
Vrio Video Net Subscriber 
 Additions(3)                                          (32)                       (15)             -% 
                               Excludes subscribers of our equity investment in SKY Mexico, in which 
(1)                             we own a 41.3% stake. SKY Mexico had 7.6 million 
 subscribers at December 31, 2018 and 7.9 million subscribers at March 
  31, 2018. 
                               2019 excludes the impact of 222 subscriber disconnections resulting 
(2)                             from conforming our video credit policy across the region, which is 
 reflected in beginning of period subscribers. 
                               Excludes SKY Mexico net subscriber losses of 199 and 92 for the quarter 
(3)                             ended December 31, 2018 and March 31, 2018, respectively. 
 

Operating revenues decreased in the first quarter of 2019, primarily due to foreign exchange pressures.

Operations and support expenses decreased in the first quarter of 2019, primarily due to changes in foreign currency exchange rates. Approximately 17% of Vrio expenses are U.S. dollar based, with the remainder in the local currency.

Depreciation expense decreased in the first quarter of 2019, primarily due to changes in foreign currency exchange rates.

Operating income decreased in the first quarter of 2019. Our Vrio operating income margin in the first quarter decreased from 10.9% in 2018 to 3.0% in 2019. Our Vrio EBITDA margin in the first quarter decreased from 26.1% in 2018 to 18.8% in 2019.

 
Mexico Results 
                                     -----   -----  ------ 
                                        First Quarter 
 
                                                     Percent 
                                     2019    2018     Change 
Operating revenues 
    Service                         $  442  $  404     9.4% 
    Equipment                          209     267  (21.7) 
                                     -----   ----- 
Total Operating Revenues               651     671   (3.0) 
                                     -----   ----- 
 
Operating expenses 
    Operations and support             725     803   (9.7) 
    Depreciation and amortization      131     127     3.1 
                                     -----   ----- 
Total Operating Expenses               856     930   (8.0) 
                                     -----   ----- 
Operating Income (Loss)              (205)   (259)    20.8 
Operating Contribution              $(205)  $(259)    20.8% 
 

The following tables highlight other key measures of performance for Mexico:

 
                                                               First Quarter 
                                                                                           Percent 
(in 000s)                               2019                    2018                       Change 
Mexico Wireless 
Subscribers(1) 
Postpaid                                        5,642                   5,607                     0.6% 
Prepaid                                        11,779                   9,857                    19.5 
Reseller                                          301                     178                    69.1 
  Total Mexico Wireless 
   Subscribers                                 17,722                  15,642                    13.3% 
 
Mexico Wireless Net 
Additions 
Postpaid                                         (69)                     109                       -% 
Prepaid                                           114                     459                  (75.2) 
Reseller                                           48                    (25)                       - 
  Mexico Wireless 
   Net Subscriber Additions                        93                     543                  (82.9)% 
 
                             2019 excludes the impact of 692 subscriber disconnections resulting 
(1)                           from the churn of customers related to sales by certain third-party 
 distributors and the sunset of 2G services in Mexico, which are reflected 
  in beginning of period subscribers. 
 

Service revenues increased in the first quarter of 2019, primarily due to growth in our subscriber base.

Equipment revenues decreased in the first quarter of 2019, primarily due to higher demand in the prior year for our initial offering of equipment installment programs partially offset by growth in our subscriber base.

Operations and support expenses decreased in the first quarter of 2019, primarily driven by equipment sales and inventory reserves. These decreases were partially offset by higher bad debt expenses. Approximately 7% of Mexico expenses are U.S. dollar based, with the remainder in the local currency.

Depreciation and amortization expense increased in the first quarter of 2019 primarily due to the amortization of spectrum licenses and higher in-service assets, partly offset by changes in the useful lives of certain assets.

Operating income increased in the first quarter of 2019. Our Mexico operating income margin in the first quarter increased from (38.6)% in 2018 to (31.5)% in 2019. Our Mexico EBITDA margin in the first quarter increased from (19.7)% in 2018 to (11.4)% in 2019.

 
XANDR SEGMENT 
                                       First Quarter 
                                                  Percent 
                                     2019  2018    Change 
Operating revenues                   $426  $337    26.4% 
 
Operating expenses 
    Operations and support            160    50       - 
    Depreciation and amortization      13     1       - 
 
Total Operating Expenses              173    51       - 
Operating Income                      253   286  (11.5) 
Equity in Net Income of Affiliates      -     -       - 
Operating Contribution               $253  $286  (11.5)% 
 
 

Operating revenues increased in the first quarter of 2019, primarily due to our acquisition of AppNexus in August 2018.

Operations and support expenses increased in the first quarter of 2019, primarily due to our acquisition of AppNexus and our ongoing development of the platform supporting Xandr's business.

Operating income decreased in the first quarter of 2019. Our Xandr segment operating income margin in the first quarter decreased from 84.9% in 2018 to 59.4% in 2019.

SUPPLEMENTAL TOTAL ADVERTISING REVENUE INFORMATION

As a supplemental presentation to our Xandr segment operating results, we are providing a view of total advertising revenues generated by AT&T. This combined view presents the entire portfolio of advertising revenues reported across all operating segments and represents a significant strategic initiative and growth opportunity for AT&T. See revenue categories tables in Note 5 for a reconciliation.

 
Total Advertising Revenues 
                              -----   -----  ----- 
                                 First Quarter 
                                              Percent 
                              2019    2018    Change 
                             ------  ------  --------- 
Operating Revenues 
    WarnerMedia              $1,279  $   14      -% 
    Communications              417     375   11.2 
    Xandr                       426     337   26.4 
    Eliminations              (350)   (334)  (4.8) 
                              -----   ----- 
Total Advertising Revenues   $1,772  $  392      -% 
                              =====   =====  ===== 
 

SUPPLEMENTAL COMMUNICATIONS OPERATING INFORMATION

As a supplemental presentation to our Communications segment operating results, we are providing a view of our AT&T Business Solutions results which includes both wireless and wireline operations. This combined view presents a complete profile of the entire business customer relationship, and underscores the importance of mobile solutions to serving our business customers. See "Discussion and Reconciliation of Non-GAAP Measure" for a reconciliation of these supplemental measures to the most directly comparable financial measures calculated and presented in accordance with GAAP.

 
Business Solutions Results 
-----------------------------------   -----   -----  ------ 
                                         First Quarter 
 
 
                                                      Percent 
                                      2019    2018     Change 
----------------------------------- 
Operating revenues 
    Wireless service                 $1,913  $1,791     6.8% 
    Strategic and managed services    3,792   3,595     5.5 
    Legacy voice and data services    2,404   2,865  (16.1) 
    Other service and equipment         302     287     5.2 
    Wireless equipment                  596     578     3.1 
 
Total Operating Revenues              9,007   9,116   (1.2) 
 
Operating expenses 
    Operations and support            5,640   5,594     0.8 
    Depreciation and amortization     1,541   1,458     5.7 
----------------------------------- 
Total Operating Expenses              7,181   7,052     1.8 
 
Operating Income                      1,826   2,064  (11.5) 
Equity in Net Income of Affiliates        -     (1)       - 
 
Operating Contribution               $1,826  $2,063  (11.5)% 
 
 

OTHER BUSINESS MATTERS

Time Warner In June 2018, we completed our acquisition of Time Warner, a leader in media and entertainment whose major businesses encompass an array of some of the most respected media brands. In July 2018, the U.S. Department of Justice (DOJ) appealed the U.S. District Court's decision permitting the merger. On February 26, 2019, the D.C. Circuit unanimously affirmed our win. AT&T's representations to the DOJ regarding its operation of Turner expired on February 28, 2019. The DOJ did not ask the D.C. Circuit to rehear its appeal before the applicable April 12, 2019 deadline, and it stated publicly on February 26, 2018 that "[t]he department has no plans to seek further review" of the D.C. Circuit's decision. The DOJ's deadline to file a petition for writ of certiorari with the United States Supreme Court is May 28, 2019.

Labor Contracts As of March 31, 2019, we employed approximately 262,000 persons. Approximately 40% of our employees are represented by the Communications Workers of America (CWA), the International Brotherhood of Electrical Workers (IBEW) or other unions. After expiration of the agreements, work stoppages or labor disruptions may occur in the absence of new contracts or other agreements being reached. A contract now covering approximately 8,000 traditional wireline employees in our Midwest region expired in April 2018 and employees are working under the terms of the prior contract, including benefits, while negotiations continue. In addition, a contract now covering approximately 3,000 traditional wireline employees in our legacy AT&T Corp. business also expired in April 2018. Those employees are working under the terms of their prior contract, including benefits, while negotiations continue.

COMPETITIVE AND REGULATORY ENVIRONMENT

Overview AT&T subsidiaries operating within the United States are subject to federal and state regulatory authorities. AT&T subsidiaries operating outside the United States are subject to the jurisdiction of national and supranational regulatory authorities in the markets where service is provided.

In the Telecommunications Act of 1996 (Telecom Act), Congress established a national policy framework intended to bring the benefits of competition and investment in advanced telecommunications facilities and services to all Americans by opening all telecommunications markets to competition and reducing or eliminating regulatory burdens that harm consumer welfare. Since the Telecom Act was passed, the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) and some state regulatory commissions have maintained or expanded certain regulatory requirements that were imposed decades ago on our traditional wireline subsidiaries when they operated as legal monopolies. The new leadership at the FCC is charting a more predictable and balanced regulatory course that will encourage long-term investment and benefit consumers. Based on its public statements, we expect the FCC to continue to eliminate antiquated, unnecessary regulations and streamline processes. In addition, we are pursuing, at both the state and federal levels, additional legislative and regulatory measures to reduce regulatory burdens that are no longer appropriate in a competitive telecommunications market and that inhibit our ability to compete more effectively and offer services wanted and needed by our customers, including initiatives to transition services from traditional networks to all IP-based networks. At the same time, we also seek to ensure that legacy regulations are not further extended to broadband or wireless services, which are subject to vigorous competition.

We have organized the following discussion by reportable segment.

Communications Segment

Internet In February 2015, the FCC released an order classifying both fixed and mobile consumer broadband internet access services as telecommunications services, subject to Title II of the Communications Act. The Order, which represented a departure from longstanding bipartisan precedent, significantly expanded the FCC's authority to regulate broadband internet access services, as well as internet interconnection arrangements. In December 2017, the FCC reversed its 2015 decision by reclassifying fixed and mobile consumer broadband services as information services and repealing most of the rules that were adopted in 2015. In lieu of broad conduct prohibitions, the order requires internet service providers to disclose information about their network practices and terms of service, including whether they block or throttle internet traffic or offer paid prioritization. Several parties appealed the FCC's December 2017 decision and the D.C. Circuit heard oral argument on the appeals on February 1, 2019. Although the FCC order expressly preempted inconsistent state or local measures, a number of states are considering or have adopted legislation that would reimpose the very rules the FCC repealed, and in some cases, establish additional requirements that go beyond the FCC's February 2015 order. Additionally, some state governors have issued executive orders that effectively reimpose the repealed requirements. Suits have recently been filed concerning laws in California and Vermont, and other lawsuits are possible. The California and Vermont suits have been stayed pursuant to agreements by those states not to enforce their laws pending resolution of appeals of the FCC's December 2017 order. We will continue to support congressional action to codify a set of standard consumer rules for the internet.

In October 2016, a sharply divided FCC adopted new rules governing the use of customer information by providers of broadband internet access service. Those rules were more restrictive in certain respects than those governing other participants in the internet economy, including so-called "edge" providers such as Google and Facebook. In April 2017, the president signed a resolution passed by Congress repealing the new rules under the Congressional Review Act.

Privacy-related legislation has been considered in a number of states. Legislative and regulatory action could result in increased costs of compliance, claims against broadband internet access service providers and others, and increased uncertainty in the value and availability of data. On June 28, 2018, the state of California enacted comprehensive privacy legislation that effective as of January 1, 2020, gives California consumers the right to know what personal information is being collected about them, and whether and to whom it is sold or disclosed, and to access and request deletion of this information. Subject to certain exceptions, it also gives consumers the right to opt-out of the sale of personal information. The law applies the same rules to all companies that collect consumer information.

Wireless The industry-wide deployment of 5G technology, which is needed to satisfy extensive demand for video and internet access, will involve significant deployment of "small cell" equipment and therefore increase the need for local permitting processes that allow for the placement of small cell equipment on reasonable timelines and terms. Federal regulations also can delay and impede broadband services, including small cell equipment. In March, August and September 2018, the FCC adopted orders to streamline the wireless infrastructure review process in order to facilitate deployment of next-generation wireless facilities. Those orders have been appealed and the various appeals remain pending in the DC Circuit and 9(th) Circuit Court of Appeals. In addition, to date, 21 states have adopted legislation to facilitate small cell deployment.

In December 2018, we introduced the nation's first commercial mobile 5G service. We currently have mobile 5G in parts of 19 U.S. cities and will have launched mobile 5G service in at least 22 major cities by the end of the year. We expect to have mobile 5G service nationwide to more than 200 million people by early 2020.

LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES

We had $6,516 in cash and cash equivalents available at March 31, 2019. Cash and cash equivalents included cash of $2,786 and money market funds and other cash equivalents of $3,730. Approximately $2,443 of our cash and cash equivalents were held by our foreign entities in accounts predominantly outside of the U.S. and may be subject to restrictions on repatriation.

Cash and cash equivalents increased $1,312 since December 31, 2018. In the first three months of 2019, cash inflows were primarily provided by the cash receipts from operations, including cash from our sale and transfer of certain wireless equipment installment and other customer receivables to third parties, issuance of commercial paper and long-term debt and collateral received from banks and other participants in our derivative arrangements. These inflows were offset by cash used to meet the needs of the business, including, but not limited to, payment of operating expenses, debt repayments, funding capital expenditures and vendor financing payments, and dividends to stockholders.

Cash Provided by or Used in Operating Activities

During the first three months of 2019, cash provided by operating activities was $11,052, compared to $8,947 for the first three months of 2018. Higher operating cash flows in 2019 were primarily due to contributions from WarnerMedia, including our new securitization program (see Note 9), and higher cash flows from working capital initiatives, partly offset by lower net tax refunds.

We actively manage the timing of our supplier payments for non-capital items to optimize the use of our cash. Among other things, we seek to have payments made on 90-day or greater terms, while providing the suppliers with access to bank facilities that permit earlier payments at their cost. In addition, for payments to a key supplier, we have arrangements that allow us to extend payment terms up to 90 days at an additional cost to us (referred to as supplier financing). The net impact of supplier financing reduced cash from operating activities by $904 and $344 for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively. All supplier financing payments are due within one year.

Cash Used in or Provided by Investing Activities

For the first three months of 2019, cash used in investing activities totaled $5,401, and consisted primarily of $5,182 for capital expenditures, including interest during construction ($936 lower than the prior-year comparable period).

For capital improvements, we have negotiated favorable vendor payment terms of 120 days or more (referred to as vendor financing) with some of our vendors, which are excluded from capital expenditures and reported as financing activities. For the first three months of 2019, these vendor financing payments were $820, and when combined with $5,182 of capital expenditures, total capital investment was $6,002 ($288 lower than the prior-year comparable period). In the first quarter of 2019, we placed $733 of equipment in service under vendor financing arrangements. Total vendor financing payables included in our March 31, 2019 consolidated balance sheets were $2,403, with $1,883 due within one year (in "Accounts payable and accrued liabilities") and the remainder predominately due within two to three years (in "Other noncurrent liabilities").

The vast majority of our capital expenditures are spent on our networks, including product development and related support systems. During the first quarter, approximately $300 of assets related to the FirstNet build were placed into service.

The amount of capital expenditures is influenced by demand for services and products, capacity needs and network enhancements. We are also focused on ensuring DIRECTV merger commitments are met. As of March 31, 2019, we market our fiber-to-the-premises network to more than 12 million customer locations and are on track to meet our FCC commitment of 12.5 million locations by mid-2019.

Cash Provided by or Used in Financing Activities

For the first three months of 2019, cash used in financing activities totaled $4,421 and included net proceeds of $9,182, which consisted primarily of the following issuances:

   --      January draw of $2,850 on an 11-month syndicated term loan agreement. 

-- January borrowings of $725 supported by government agencies to support network equipment purchases.

   --      January draw of $750 on a private financing agreement. 
   --      February issuance of $3,000 of 4.350% global notes due 2029. 
   --      February issuance of $2,000 of 4.850% global notes due 2039. 

During the first three months of 2019, repayment of long-term debt totaled $9,840, consisting of the following:

   --      The final $2,625 of amounts outstanding under our Acquisition Term Loan (defined below). 
   --      $750 of January borrowings under a private financing agreement. 
   --      $1,850 of 2.300% notes due 2019. 
   --      $400 of floating rate notes due 2019. 
   --      $890 of 5.200% notes due 2020. 
   --      $1,120 of 5.000% notes due 2021. 
   --      $1,000 of 4.700% Warner Media, LLC notes due 2021. 
   --      $1,000 of 4.750% Warner Media, LLC notes due 2021. 
   --      $38 of 4.600% DIRECTV Holdings LLC and DIRECTV Financing Co., Inc. notes due 2021. 
   --      $40 of 5.000% DIRECTV Holdings LLC and DIRECTV Financing Co., Inc. notes due 2021. 

Our weighted average interest rate of our entire long-term debt portfolio, including the impact of derivatives, was approximately 4.4% as of March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018. We had $170,532 of total notes and debentures outstanding at March 31, 2019, which included Euro, British pound sterling, Swiss franc, Brazilian real, Mexican peso, Canadian dollar and Australian dollar denominated debt that totaled approximately $41,061.

At March 31, 2019, we had $11,538 of debt maturing within one year, including $2,957 of commercial paper borrowings and $8,441 of long-term debt issuances. Debt maturing within one year includes the following notes that may be put back to us by the holders:

-- $1,000 of annual put reset securities issued by BellSouth that may be put back to us each April until maturity in 2021.

-- An accreting zero-coupon note that may be redeemed each May until maturity in 2022. If the remainder of the zero-coupon note (issued for principal of $500 in 2007 and partially exchanged in the 2017 debt exchange offers) is held to maturity, the redemption amount will be $592.

At March 31, 2019, we had approximately 376 million shares remaining from share repurchase authorizations approved by the Board of Directors in 2013 and 2014.

We paid dividends of $3,714 during the first three months of 2019, compared with $3,070 for the first three months of 2018, primarily reflecting the increase in the number of shares outstanding related to our acquisition of Time Warner as well as an increase in our quarterly dividend approved by our Board of Directors in December 2018. Dividends declared by our Board of Directors totaled $0.51 per share in the first three months of 2019 and $0.50 per share for the first three months of 2018. Our dividend policy considers the expectations and requirements of stockholders, capital funding requirements of AT&T and long-term growth opportunities. It is our intent to provide the financial flexibility to allow our Board of Directors to consider dividend growth and to recommend an increase in dividends to be paid in future periods. All dividends remain subject to declaration by our Board of Directors.

Credit Facilities

The following summary of our various credit and loan agreements does not purport to be complete and is qualified in its entirety by reference to each agreement filed as exhibits to our Annual Report on Form 10-K.

We use credit facilities as a tool in managing our liquidity status. In December 2018, we amended our five-year revolving credit agreement (the "Amended and Restated Credit Agreement") and concurrently entered into a new five-year agreement (the "Five Year Credit Agreement") such that we now have two $7,500 revolving credit agreements totaling $15,000. The Amended and Restated Credit Agreement terminates on December 11, 2021 and the Five Year Credit Agreement terminates on December 11, 2023. No amounts were outstanding under either agreement as of March 31, 2019.

In September 2017, we entered into a $2,250 syndicated term loan credit agreement containing (i) a three-year $750 term loan facility, (ii) a four-year $750 term loan facility and (iii) a five-year $750 term loan facility, with certain investment and commercial banks and The Bank of Nova Scotia, as administrative agent. We drew on all three facilities during the first quarter of 2018, with $2,250 in advances outstanding as of March 31, 2019.

On November 20, 2018, we entered into and drew on a 4.5 year $3,550 term loan credit agreement (the "November 2018 Term Loan") with Bank of America, N.A., as agent. We used the proceeds to finance the repayment, in part, of loans outstanding under the Acquisition Term Loan. As of March 31, 2019, $3,550 was outstanding under this agreement.

On January 31, 2019, we entered into and drew on an 11-month $2,850 syndicated term loan credit agreement (the "Citibank Term Loan"), with certain investment and commercial banks and Citibank, N.A., as administrative agent. As of March 31, 2019, $2,850 was outstanding under this agreement.

In anticipation of the Time Warner acquisition, we entered into a $16,175 term loan agreement ("Acquisition Term Loan") containing (i) a 2.5 year $8,087.5 facility (the "Tranche A Facility") and (ii) a 4.5 year $8,087.5 facility (the "Tranche B Facility") with a commitment termination date of December 31, 2018. As of December 31, 2018, $2,625 was outstanding of Tranche A advances. We paid $2,625 of the Tranche A advances on February 20, 2019, and terminated the facility.

We also utilize other external financing sources, which include various credit arrangements supported by government agencies to support network equipment purchases, as well as a commercial paper program.

Each of our credit and loan agreements contains covenants that are customary for an issuer with an investment grade senior debt credit rating as well as a net debt-to-EBITDA financial ratio covenant requiring AT&T to maintain, as of the last day of each fiscal quarter, a ratio of not more than 3.5-to-1. As of March 31, 2019, we were in compliance with the covenants for our credit facilities.

Collateral Arrangements

During the quarter, we amended collateral arrangements with certain counterparties to require cash collateral posting by AT&T only when deposit amounts exceed certain thresholds. Under these arrangements, counterparties are still required to post collateral. During the first three months of 2019, we received $1,404 of cash collateral, on a net basis, primarily driven by the amended arrangements. Cash postings under these arrangements vary with changes in credit ratings and netting agreements. (See Note 7)

Other

Our total capital consists of debt (long-term debt and debt maturing within one year) and stockholders' equity. Our capital structure does not include debt issued by our equity method investments. At March 31, 2019, our debt ratio was 47.4%, compared to 52.6% at March 31, 2018 and 47.7% at December 31, 2018. Our net debt ratio was 45.6% at March 31, 2019, compared to 36.8% at March 31, 2018 and 46.2% at December 31, 2018. The debt ratio is affected by the same factors that affect total capital, and reflects our recent debt issuances and repayments.

During the first three months of 2019, we received $4,460 from the monetization of various assets, primarily from the sale of certain equipment installment and other customer receivables. We plan to continue to explore similar opportunities. To that end, in April 2019, we received $1,430 cash for the sale of our minority stake in Hulu. We also entered into an agreement to sell WarnerMedia's headquarters (Hudson Yards) for approximately $2,200 under a sale/leaseback agreement, which is expected to close late in the second quarter. Proceeds from both transactions will be used to reduce debt levels.

DISCUSSION AND RECONCILIATION OF NON-GAAP MEASURE

We believe the following measure is relevant and useful information to investors as it is used by management as a method of comparing performance with that of many of our competitors. This supplemental measure should be considered in addition to, but not as a substitute of, our consolidated and segment financial information.

Business Solutions Reconciliation

We provide a supplemental discussion of our Business Solutions operations that is calculated by combining our Mobility and Business Wireline business units, and then adjusting to remove non-business operations. The following table presents a reconciliation of our supplemental Business Solutions results.

 
                                                             First Quarter 
                                   March 31, 2019                                     March 31, 2018 
 
                             Business                    Business               Business                    Business 
                  Mobility   Wireline   Adjustments(1)   Solutions   Mobility   Wireline   Adjustments(1)   Solutions 
Operating 
Revenues 
  Wireless 
   service       $  13,792  $       -  $      (11,879)  $    1,913  $  13,403  $       -  $      (11,612)  $    1,791 
  Strategic and 
   managed 
   services              -      3,792                -       3,792          -      3,595                -       3,595 
  Legacy voice 
   and data 
   services              -      2,404                -       2,404          -      2,865                -       2,865 
  Other service 
   and 
   equipment             -        302                -         302          -        287                -         287 
  Wireless 
   equipment         3,775          -          (3,179)         596      3,952          -          (3,374)         578 
 
Total Operating 
 Revenues           17,567      6,498         (15,058)       9,007     17,355      6,747         (14,986)       9,116 
 
 
Operating 
Expenses 
  Operations 
   and support      10,181      4,040          (8,581)       5,640     10,102      4,016          (8,524)       5,594 
EBITDA               7,386      2,458          (6,477)       3,367      7,253      2,731          (6,462)       3,522 
  Depreciation 
   and 
   amortization      2,035      1,235          (1,729)       1,541      2,095      1,170          (1,807)       1,458 
 
Total Operating 
 Expense            12,216      5,275         (10,310)       7,181     12,197      5,186         (10,331)       7,052 
 
Operating 
 Income              5,351      1,223          (4,748)       1,826      5,158      1,561          (4,655)       2,064 
Equity in net 
 income 
 (loss) 
 of affiliates           -          -                -           -          -        (1)                -         (1) 
Operating 
 Contribution    $   5,351  $   1,223  $       (4,748)  $    1,826  $   5,158  $   1,560  $       (4,655)  $    2,063 
 
(1) Non-business wireless reported in the Communications segment under the Mobility business 
 unit. 
 

At March 31, 2019, we had interest rate swaps with a notional value of $1,633 and a fair value of $(11).

We have fixed-to-fixed and floating-to-fixed cross-currency swaps on foreign currency-denominated debt instruments with a U.S. dollar notional value of $42,192 to hedge our exposure to changes in foreign currency exchange rates. These derivatives have been designated at inception and qualify as cash flow hedges with a net fair value of $(2,270) at March 31, 2019.

We have foreign exchange contracts with a U.S. dollar notional value of $1,238 to provide currency at a fixed rate to hedge a portion of the exchange risk involved in foreign currency-denominated transactions. These foreign exchange contracts include fair value hedges, cash flow hedges and economic (nonqualifying) hedges with a total net fair value of $81 at March 31, 2019.

We have designated EUR700 million aggregate principal amount of debt as a hedge of the variability of some of the Euro-denominated net investments of WarnerMedia. The gain or loss on the debt that is designated as, and is effective as, an economic hedge of the net investment in a foreign operation is recorded as a currency translation adjustment within accumulated other comprehensive income, net on the consolidated balance sheet.

Item 4. Controls and Procedures

The registrant maintains disclosure controls and procedures that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by the registrant is recorded, processed, summarized, accumulated and communicated to its management, including its principal executive and principal financial officers, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure, and reported within the time periods specified in the Securities and Exchange Commission's rules and forms. The chief executive officer and chief financial officer have performed an evaluation of the effectiveness of the design and operation of the registrant's disclosure controls and procedures as of March 31, 2019. Based on that evaluation, the chief executive officer and chief financial officer concluded that the registrant's disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of March 31, 2019.

Information set forth in this report contains forward-looking statements that are subject to risks and uncertainties, and actual results could differ materially. Many of these factors are discussed in more detail in the "Risk Factors" section. We claim the protection of the safe harbor for forward-looking statements provided by the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995.

The following factors could cause our future results to differ materially from those expressed in the forward-looking statements:

-- Adverse economic and/or capital access changes in the markets served by us or in countries in which we have significant investments, including the impact on customer demand and our ability and our suppliers' ability to access financial markets at favorable rates and terms.

-- Changes in available technology and the effects of such changes, including product substitutions and deployment costs.

-- Increases in our benefit plans' costs, including increases due to adverse changes in the United States and foreign securities markets, resulting in worse-than-assumed investment returns and discount rates; adverse changes in mortality assumptions; adverse medical cost trends; and unfavorable or delayed implementation or repeal of healthcare legislation, regulations or related court decisions.

-- The final outcome of FCC and other federal, state or foreign government agency proceedings (including judicial review, if any, of such proceedings) and legislative efforts involving issues that are important to our business, including, without limitation, special access and business data services; pending Notices of Apparent Liability; the transition from legacy technologies to IP-based infrastructure, including the withdrawal of legacy TDM-based services; universal service; broadband deployment; wireless equipment siting regulations; E911 services; competition policy; privacy; net neutrality; multichannel video programming distributor services and equipment; content licensing and copyright protection; availability of new spectrum, on fair and balanced terms; and wireless and satellite license awards and renewals.

-- Enactment of additional state, local, federal and/or foreign regulatory and tax laws and regulations, or changes to existing standards and actions by tax agencies and judicial authorities including the resolution of disputes with any taxing jurisdictions, pertaining to our subsidiaries and foreign investments, including laws and regulations that reduce our incentive to invest in our networks, resulting in lower revenue growth and/or higher operating costs.

-- Potential changes to the electromagnetic spectrum currently used for broadcast television and satellite distribution being considered by the FCC could negatively impact WarnerMedia's ability to deliver linear network feeds of its domestic cable networks to its affiliates, and in some cases, WarnerMedia's ability to produce high-value news and entertainment programming on location.

-- U.S. and foreign laws and regulations regarding intellectual property rights protection and privacy, personal data protection and user consent are complex and rapidly evolving and could result in impact to our business plans, increased costs, or claims against us that may harm our reputation.

-- Our ability to respond to revenue and margin pressures from increasing competition, including services that use alternative technologies and/or government-owned or subsidized networks.

-- The ability of our competitors to offer product/service offerings at lower prices due to lower cost structures and regulatory and legislative actions adverse to us, including non-regulation of comparable alternative technologies (e.g., VoIP and data usage).

-- The continued development and delivery of attractive and profitable wireless, video and broadband offerings and devices; the extent to which regulatory and build-out requirements apply to our offerings; our ability to match speeds offered by our competitors and the availability, cost and/or reliability of the various technologies and/or content required to provide such offerings.

-- Our ability to generate advertising revenue from attractive video content, especially from WarnerMedia, in the face of unpredictable and rapidly evolving public viewing habits.

-- The availability and cost and our ability to adequately fund additional wireless spectrum and network upgrades; and regulations and conditions relating to spectrum use, licensing, obtaining additional spectrum, technical standards and deployment and usage, including network management rules.

-- Our ability to manage growth in wireless data services, including network quality and acquisition of adequate spectrum at reasonable costs and terms.

-- The outcome of pending, threatened or potential litigation (which includes arbitrations), including, without limitation, patent and product safety claims by or against third parties.

-- The impact from major equipment or software failures on our networks, including satellites operated by DIRECTV; the effect of security breaches related to the network or customer information; our inability to obtain handsets, equipment/software or have handsets, equipment/software serviced in a timely and cost-effective manner from suppliers; and in the case of satellites launched, timely provisioning of services from vendors; or severe weather conditions including flooding and hurricanes, natural disasters including earthquakes and forest fires, pandemics, energy shortages, wars or terrorist attacks.

-- The issuance by the Financial Accounting Standards Board or other accounting oversight bodies of new accounting standards or changes to existing standards.

-- Our ability to successfully integrate our WarnerMedia operations, including the ability to manage various businesses in widely dispersed business locations and with decentralized management.

-- Our ability to take advantage of the desire of advertisers to change traditional video advertising models.

-- Our increased exposure to foreign economies, including foreign exchange fluctuations as well as regulatory and political uncertainty.

-- Changes in our corporate strategies, such as changing network-related requirements or acquisitions and dispositions, which may require significant amounts of cash or stock, to respond to competition and regulatory, legislative and technological developments.

-- The uncertainty surrounding further congressional action to address spending reductions, which may result in a significant decrease in government spending and reluctance of businesses and consumers to spend in general.

Readers are cautioned that other factors discussed in this report, although not enumerated here, also could materially affect our future earnings.

Item 1A. Risk Factors

We discuss in our Annual Report on Form 10-K various risks that may materially affect our business. We use this section to update this discussion to reflect material developments since our Form 10-K was filed. For the first quarter 2019, there were no such material developments.

 
Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and 
 Use of Proceeds 
 
(c) A summary of our repurchases of common stock during the first quarter 
 of 2019 is as follows: 
 
                               (a)                   (b)                  (c)                    (d) 
                                                                                            Maximum Number 
                                                                                            (or Approximate 
                                                                     Total Number            Dollar Value) 
                                                                     of Shares (or           of Shares (or 
                           Total Number                             Units) Purchased        Units) That May 
                           of Shares (or        Average Price     as Part of Publicly      Yet Be Purchased 
                         Units) Purchased       Paid Per Share      Announced Plans         Under The Plans 
Period                       (1, 2, 3)            (or Unit)          or Programs(1)           or Programs 
 
January 1, 2019 
 - 
 January 31, 2019                    710,607  $           30.46                      -        375,662,000 
February 1, 2019 
 - 
 February 28, 2019                 3,021,234              30.29                      -        375,662,000 
March 1, 2019 
 - 
 March 31, 2019                    3,113,701              30.52                      -        375,662,000 
 
Total                              6,845,542  $           30.41                      - 
                                              === 
                     In March 2014, our Board of Directors approved an additional authorization 
(1)                   to repurchase up to 300 million shares of our common 
 stock. In March 2013, our Board of Directors authorized the repurchase 
  of up to an additional 300 million shares of our common stock. 
 The authorizations have no expiration date. 
                     Of the shares repurchased, 6,237,118 shares were acquired through 
(2)                   the withholding of taxes on the vesting of restricted stock 
 and performance shares or on the exercise price of options. 
                     Of the shares repurchased, 608,424 shares were acquired through reimbursements 
(3)                   from AT&T maintained Voluntary Employee Benefit 
 Association (VEBA) trusts. 
 
 
Item 6. Exhibits 
 
The following exhibits are filed or incorporated 
 by reference as a part of this report: 
 
Exhibit 
Number     Exhibit Description 
31         Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) Certifications 
           31.1 Certification of Principal Executive 
            Officer 
           31.2 Certification of Principal Financial 
            Officer 
32         Section 1350 Certifications 
101        XBRL Instance Document 
 

SIGNATURE

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

 
                   AT&T Inc. 
 
 
 
  May 6, 2019       /s/ John J. Stephens 
                    John J. Stephens 
                    Senior Executive Vice President 
                    and Chief Financial Officer 
 

This information is provided by RNS, the news service of the London Stock Exchange. RNS is approved by the Financial Conduct Authority to act as a Primary Information Provider in the United Kingdom. Terms and conditions relating to the use and distribution of this information may apply. For further information, please contact rns@lseg.com or visit www.rns.com.

END

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