TIDMR4E

RNS Number : 8228X

Reach4Entertainment Enterprises PLC

02 May 2019

2 May 2019

reach4entertainment enterprises plc

("r4e" or "the Company" or "the Group")

Final audited results for the year ended 31 December 2018

reach4entertainment enterprises plc (AIM: R4E), the entertainment marketing communications group, announces its results for the year ended 31 December 2018 (the "period").

2018 financial highlights:

   --     Revenues of GBP77.7 million (2017: GBP80.2 million) 
   --     Net revenue* GBP31.8 million (2017: GBP6.8 million) 
   --     Gross Profit margin of 25.0% (2017: 25.1%) 
   --     Gross Profit on Net Revenues* of 61.2% (2017: 54.7%) 
   --     Adjusted EBITDA** of GBP1.4 million (2017: GBP1.0 million) 
   --     Operating Profit of GBP0.1 million (2017: GBP2.4 million loss) 
   --     Loss before tax of GBP0.2 million (2017: GBP2.7 million loss) 
   --     Adjusted profit before tax*** GBP0.7 million (2017: GBP0.2 million) 
   --     Reported loss after tax of GBP0.2 million (2017: GBP1.9 million loss) 

*Net revenues being revenues net of media costs

** Adjusted EBITDA (Earnings before Interest, Tax, Depreciation and Amortisation) is before exceptional items, goodwill impairment and share based payment charges.

***Adjusted Profit before Tax is before exceptional items, amortisation and impairment of goodwill and intangibles and share based payments charges

2018 operational highlights:

-- Strategic overhaul of core operations has led to an improvement in performance and profitability

-- Successfully launched a series of new ventures including Wake the Bear, a strategy led marketing communications agency, and Story House, the theatre and live entertainment PR agency

-- Dewynters has grown its revenues and underlying margins, benefiting from restructuring that took place at the end of 2017, an improved sales mix and strong trading the second half of the year

-- SpotCo's new management team, achieved cost savings leading to improved margins and absolute levels of profitability

-- Story House broke even during its first five months of operation, ahead of schedule, whilst Wake the Bear made good early progress in attracting marquee clients

2019 Q1 highlights:

-- Acquisition of 50% interest in Buzz 16 Productions, an independent production company led by ex-Sky producer Scott Melvin and media personality Gary Neville, providing diversification opportunity into sport marketing

-- Acquisition of Sold Out, an independent full-service advertising agency for the concert and live entertainment space with turnover of GBP30 million, unlocking significant opportunities to cross-sell services across the Group

-- Successfully raised gross proceeds of GBP3 million in placing to fund acquisition of Sold Out

-- Strong revenue growth at SpotCo following highly successful series of new business wins in H2 2018, with new clients in the quarter including Tootsie, Magic Mike, Beetlejuice and Almost Famous

-- Subsequent to year end, additional projects won at Dewynters including Joseph and the Amazing Technicolour Dreamcoat, BIG, White Christmas and The Light in the Piazza

   --     Media Trading Agreements signed and extended between Miroma and r4e subsidiaries 

-- First project underway where Sold Out and Dewynters have collaboratively serviced clients with their respective capabilities

Chairman of r4e, Lord Michael Grade, said: "It has been a pivotal year for the Group, in which the new management team, led by Marc Boyan, strategically overhauled the Company's core operations. I am delighted to report that the turnaround has significantly improved how the Group's agencies are operating, which is reflected in the increase in profitability.

"Whilst operational changes to the core business have been instrumental in returning the business to profitability, the launch of new agencies, alongside the recent acquisitions involving Sold Out and Buzz 16 Productions, are broadening the Group's offering in line with the strategy to diversify its service capabilities beyond stage and theatre."

31 December 2018 Full Report and Accounts

The Company will shortly post its report and accounts for the year ended 31 December 2018 to shareholders, along with notice of the annual general meeting, and both documents will soon be available on its website, www.r4e.com. The annual general meeting will be held at the offices of the Company at Wellington House, 125 Strand, London, WC2R 0AP.

The information communicated within this announcement is deemed to constitute inside information as stipulated under the Market Abuse Regulations (EU) No. 596/2014. Upon the publication of this announcement, this inside information is now considered to be in the public domain.

For information, please contact:

 
 reach4entertainment enterprises   Phone: +44 (0)20 7968 1655 
  plc 
  Marc Boyan, CEO 
  Paul Summers, COO 
 
 Yellow Jersey PR                  Phone: +44 (0)7747 788 221 / +44 (0)7544 
                                    275882 
 Charles Goodwin                   Email: r4e@yellowjerseypr.com 
 Harriet Jackson 
 Annabel Atkins 
 
 Grant Thornton, NOMAD             Phone: +44 (0)20 7383 5100 
 Philip Secrett 
 Jamie Barklem 
 Seamus Fricker 
 
 Dowgate Capital, Broker           Phone: +44 (0)20 3903 7715 
 James Serjeant 
 David Poutney 
 
 

Chairman's Review

Introduction

After a change in management and raising GBP5.5 million in Q4 2017 to strengthen the balance sheet, the Board immediately set about addressing the structures and processes within r4e's core theatre businesses in order to improve performance and profitability. I am pleased to report that excellent progress was made throughout 2018 in this regard, putting r4e in a much stronger position, both operationally and financially. At the same time, Marc Boyan and his team have been heavily active in developing new commercial opportunities, with strategic investments made to acquire complimentary capabilities, launch new ventures and attract new talent.

Financials

During 2018 management focused on reducing overheads and aligning the agencies, resulting in a 14.0% reduction in administration costs and offsetting the decline in revenues to GBP77.7 million (2017: GBP80.2 million) and net revenues to GBP31.8 million (2017: GBP36.8 million). Improved processes drove better client servicing and operational efficiencies, with adjusted earnings for 2018 increasing by 45% to GBP1.42 million (2017: GBP0.98 million) and operating profit improving by GBP2.50 million to GBP0.1 million (2017: GBP2.39 million loss). Gross margin remained steady at 25.0% (2017: 25.1%).

New strategy

With a new senior team installed at SpotCo, the business has made major improvements to its client servicing and new business development, all of which has led to better margins and new contract wins. Dewynters has also taken major strides to control overheads and improve margins as well as winning mandates for the launch of the permanent Body Worlds exhibit in Central London, Goodwood Festival, plus Waitress, Dear Evan Hanson and & Juliet in the West End.

The strategy to broaden the Group's service offering and client base led to a series of exciting events during the year with the launch of Wake the Bear, a strategy led marketing communications agency and the launch of Story House, a theatre and live entertainment PR agency, amongst others. These new agencies have been quick to build their client rosters and the Board has been pleased with early progress.

The momentum has continued into the start of 2019 with the acquisition of the arts and entertainment advertising agency, Sold Out, with the Group successfully raising GBP3 million as part of the acquisition process. The highly regarded London-based agency has a prized client base that includes Live Nation, AEG Presents, S.J.M Concerts and Cirque Du Soleil, making it an excellent fit for the Group as it seeks to broaden its client base beyond just theatre.

During the first quarter r4e also acquired a 50% stake in sports content creator, Buzz 16 Productions, which was founded by former Manchester United player and respected broadcaster, Gary Neville, and former Sky Sports Premier League producer, Scott Melvin. This is another very exciting move for the Group, which takes us into a new segment and sees us working with a high-profile team of individuals within sports media.

The Group has evolved during the year to become more aligned and much more commercial. Combining this with the new agencies launched and the recent acquisitions, the Board is assured the correct path is being taken and is confident about delivering on its targets for 2019.

Board and Employees

Early in the year, Claire Hungate left the Board and as such the process was undertaken to appoint a new Non- Executive Director. In April 2018, the Company was pleased to announce the appointment of Sir David Michels as its Deputy Chairman. Given David's extensive blue-chip company board experience his appointment adds greatly to the skills on the Board.

I would also like to thank our employees across all the agencies for all the hard work and dedication during what has been a busy year for the Group and wish them every success for 2019.

Lord Michael Grade

Non-Executive Chairman

CEO Statement

Introduction

When I first joined as CEO in late 2017, it was immediately clear that the Group had huge potential given the level of talent across the individual agencies and the market leading position held within the theatre sector. However, the business had suffered from a lack of focus on driving profitability and a cohesive approach both within and across our agencies to unlock new commercial opportunities, which had historically inhibited the Group's potential to develop and grow.

During 2018, we set about addressing these key issues alongside our agencies' management teams and I am delighted with the progress achieved to put the Group on a much stronger footing through the implementation of a thorough cost structure review as well as rebuilding senior teams across the Group where necessary. The turnaround has had the desired effect on our financials, with an improvement in performance and profitability.

Whilst major improvements have been made to the Group's profitability, we have also been executing our strategy to diversify into the wider live entertainments space, with brand and marketing communications agency, Wake the Bear and live entertainment PR agency, Story House both launched during the summer months.

2019 has got off to an excellent start with the completion of two transactions that broaden our offering and sector exposure. In January the Group acquired a 50% stake in Buzz 16 Productions, which sees us step into sports orientated content and working with a very talented team that includes Gary Neville and Scott Melvin, who have enormous experience in this field. At the end of March, we completed the acquisition of advertising agency Sold Out, which has a stellar cast of clients across the live entertainment sector which is exactly in line with our strategy.

London

I am pleased with the results we have achieved at our London based agencies. Dewynters has continued to build its leading position in live entertainment marketing by growing and developing its use of digital and data driven marketing activities. The business had a strong second half, which made a significant impact on profit compared with the previous year. I am delighted to report that Dewynters' revenue is up 8.0% to GBP28.3 million (2017: GBP26.2 million), adjusted EBITDA is up 175% to GBP2.3 million (2017: GBP0.8 million) and operating profit was up 432% GBP1.2 million (2017: GBP0.4 million).

Our second core London-based agency, Newman Displays, which produces large scale outdoor signage, front of house displays and installations, continued to service major West End theatre productions, leading film companies, cinemas and major global events. The Company generated revenues of GBP3.6 million (2017: GBP4 million) and adjusted EBITDA of GBP0.16 million (2017: GBP0.33 million). This fall reflects 15 West End shows having long standing residences meaning new front of house installations in these theatres are not required. The Company still continues to dominate the theatre installation market.

Our objective to develop a pipeline of new business opportunities was realised through the launch of Wake the Bear, a strategy led marketing communications agency, and Story House, a public relations agency focused on the live entertainments industry.

Wake the Bear, which was launched in the first half of 2018 by two former executives from WPP, works with new and established businesses with a focus on growth. Wake the Bear won several client mandates during its first 6 months of operations and its performance met initial expectations. Story House, which launched in August 2018, came to market with a number of leading West End, UK, and world-touring clients on its roster, including 42nd Street, Strictly Ballroom, True West, Benidorm, and Walking with Dinosaurs, and as a result was already generating profits by 31 December 2018. Collectively, Wake the Bear and Story House generated revenue of GBP0.37 million (2017: GBPNil) having only begun operating in the second half of the year.

New York

As previously reported in the 2017, SpotCo was impacted by the downturn in Broadway ticket sales during 2017 and the loss of several clients. Following a strategic review of the business, a new senior team was promoted, who have implemented new systems and processes to significantly reduce costs whilst also improving client servicing and winning new mandates, with data now at the heart of decision making and marketing strategy. SpotCo's adjusted earnings rose by 30% to GBP0.58 million in 2018, with the agency generating an operating profit of GBP0.1 million after making a GBP1.5 million loss in 2017.

With the business on a much surer footing, major shows worked on by SpotCo during the year included Book of Mormon, Kinky Boots, Lincoln Center Theatre and Mean Girls. The agency also begun working on King Kong, Pretty Woman and To Kill A Mockingbird during the second half of the year and revenues are expected to continue into 2019, given the shows are open ended.

Hamburg and Amsterdam

Dewynters in Hamburg, set up by the previous management team, has had a new Managing Director appointed on 1 January 2019, and the business model will be reviewed and possibly restructured under his management. The team continue to service their clients successfully with over GBP1 million in turnover in the year (2017: GBP1.4 million). Dewynters Amsterdam, launched in April 2018, is still in its infancy with GBP0.3 million turnover in the year (2017: GBPNil).

Outlook

A successful GBP3 million placing post period end has enabled the company to buy Sold Out, a full serviced advertising agency with turnover of GBP30 million. This transaction has already unlocked significant cross selling opportunities. Furthermore, the joint venture with Buzz 16 Production was created expanding r4e's offering into sport and opens up multiple new revenue streams.

The Group's momentum following leadership changes has continued in 2018, notably in the second half of the year. This positive progress has continued into 2019 and the Board is confident of delivering expectations.

Marc Boyan

Chief Executive Officer

Group Strategic Report Extract

Principle Activities

The principal activities of the Group during the year were to provide creative, advertising, marketing and other services to the theatrical, film and live entertainment industries including media strategy and buying, marketing and sales promotions, signage and publishing.

Review of Performance and Future Developments

Year ended 31 December 2018

 
                                            Other     London                           Head      Group 
                   Dewynters   Newmans     London      Total    SpotCo    Europe     Office      Total 
                     GBP'000   GBP'000    GBP'000    GBP'000   GBP'000   GBP'000    GBP'000    GBP'000 
Revenue               28,334     3,630        420     32,384    43,960     1,389          -     77,733 
Adjusted EBITDA*       2,288       242      (155)      2,375       578     (727)      (808)      1,418 
Share based 
 charges                (34)      (11)          -       (45)      (53)         -      (386)      (484) 
                   ---------  --------  ---------  ---------  --------  --------  ---------  --------- 
EBITDA 
 pre-exceptional       2,254       231      (155)      2,330       525     (727)    (1,194)        934 
Exceptional items      (134)         -          -      (134)      (86)         -       (10)      (230) 
Depreciation & 
 amortisation          (195)      (60)          -      (255)     (334)       (7)        (4)      (600) 
                   ---------  --------  ---------  ---------  --------  --------  ---------  --------- 
Operating 
 profit/(loss)         1,925       171      (155)      1,941       105     (734)    (1,208)        104 
 

Year ended 31 December 2017

 
                                                     London                           Head       Group 
                   Dewynters   Newmans    Jampot      Total    SpotCo    Europe     Office       Total 
                     GBP'000   GBP'000   GBP'000    GBP'000   GBP'000   GBP'000    GBP'000     GBP'000 
Revenue               26,153     4,099        65     30,317    48,508     1,386          -      80,211 
Adjusted EBITDA*         788       331     (107)      1,012       446      (52)      (430)         976 
Share based 
 charges                (80)       (3)         -       (83)        40      (40)      (151)       (234) 
                   ---------  --------  --------  ---------  --------  --------  ---------  ---------- 
EBITDA 
 pre-exceptional 
 and goodwill 
 impairment              708       328     (107)        929       486      (92)      (581)         742 
Exceptional items      (157)         -         -      (157)      (78)         -      (727)       (962) 
Impairment of 
 goodwill                  -         -         -          -   (1,533)         -          -     (1,533) 
Depreciation & 
 amortisation          (189)      (71)         -      (260)     (373)       (5)        (3)       (641) 
                   ---------  --------  --------  ---------  --------  --------  ---------  ---------- 
Operating 
 profit/(loss)           362       257     (107)        512   (1,498)      (97)    (1,311)     (2,394) 
 

*Adjusted EBITDA is before exceptional items, goodwill impairment and share based payment charges. This is a measure used by r4e's provider of finance, PNC, to monitor covenant compliance, as well as by the Board as a proxy for cash profit.

Revenue & Performance

Under IFRS 15 (Revenue from contracts with customers) the Company recognises revenue on the basis that we act as principal, however, management also perform their internal analysis of performance on revenues net of media costs. A comparative of billings & revenue for the year as performed by management is as follows:

 
                         2018      2017 
                      GBP'000   GBP'000 
Revenue                77,733    80,211 
Third party costs    (45,907)  (43,405) 
 
Net revenue            31,826    36,806 
Cost of sales        (12,335)  (16,660) 
                     --------  -------- 
Gross profit           19,491    20,146 
 

Gross profit reduced slightly by 3% to GBP19.49 million (2017: GBP20.15 million) despite a decline of 13.5% in net revenues. Gross profit margin on a net revenue basis has increased by 6.5 percentage points from 54.7% to 61.2% reflecting the Group's focus on higher margin business. Management also include the analysis of net margin in their KPI's as discussed below.

For the year ended 31 December 2018 the Group has seen an improving trend following the restructuring taken at the end of 2017 and subsequent cost savings and growth initiatives.

Operating profit/(loss) improved as a result of a reduction of exceptional administrative expenses from GBP1.0 million in 2017 to GBP0.2 million in 2018 as the final stages of staff restructuring came through in the year and the absence of an impairment charge compared to GBP1.5 million written off in the prior year in relation to the carrying value of SpotCo's goodwill and intangible assets;

Debt Financing

The amount owing to debt provider PNC increased slightly during the year, to GBP3.5 million (2017: GBP2.5 million), which was a result of timings on drawdowns of the facility. As at December 2018 revenues were GBP1.6 million up on 2017 against which year end drawdowns took place. There has been no breach of covenants during the year.

In March 2019, as part of the approval process for the acquisition of Sold Out and the Buzz 16 joint venture, the Company agreed to an amendment of the facility which included an increase on the borrowing rates of 0.5% per annum.

The initial 3-year term of the facility expired on 3rd December 2018, and the facility has automatically continued in place indefinitely on a rolling basis. Either party can give at least six months' notice to end the agreement. The Group believes that the relationship with PNC is good, that they remain supportive of the Company, and that they appear likely to want to continue the arrangement after the end of the initial term.

Market

The Group's market is the provision of marketing and media services to ticketed live events. Historically, it has focused upon the entertainment sector, and specifically theatre. The Group's subsidiaries, Dewynters in London and SpotCo in New York, are market leaders in their respective theatrelands. As a result, the Group is diversifying into new territories, and beyond theatre. This is evidenced by the start-up companies Wake the Bear Limited and Story House PR Limited. In addition new ventures subsequent to year end (see subsequent events note 15), Buzz 16 and Sold Out, show this diversification strategy into both other live entertainment markets and sport.

London

The London segment comprises Dewynters, Newmans, Jampot, and, since they started trading in September, Wake the Bear and Story House. During the year the London operations generated adjusted EBITDA, before exceptional items, of GBP2.3 million compared to the year ended 31 December 2017 of GBP0.9 million. Operating profit of GBP1.9 million was also up on the prior year (2017: GBP0.5 million). This result was mostly generated by Dewynters, which had a very strong year. Wake the Bear and Story House, incurring start-up costs, generated an operating loss of GBP0.1 million and break even respectively. Jampot contributed an operating loss to this result, of GBP0.06 million (2017: a loss of GBP0.1 million). The Company is being wound down as its services are now core competences within the Group's other operating entities, so it is no longer required as a separate profit centre.

Dewynters, after a challenging year in 2017, faired better in 2018 with revenues increasing by GBP2.2 million (8.3%). Gross profit margin on revenues increased to 29.8% (2017: 26.9%), and gross profit margin on net revenues also rose significantly to 68.4% (2017: 46.4%). In addition, a real drive to reduce overheads meant that adjusted EBITDA before exceptional items increased by GBP1.5 million. After, the non-cash affecting LTIP employee share options charge of GBP0.03 million to employee costs (2017: GBP0.1 million), and exceptional items down to GBP0.13 million finishing the restructuring initiative started in 2018 (2017: GBP0.16m), plus depreciation and amortisation, operating profit was up GBP1.53 million, at GBP1.93 million (2017: GBP0.4 million).Newmans had a quieter year in 2018 with a reduction in revenue of GBP0.5 million, 12.6%, to GBP3.6 million. Contributing to the lower revenue was the Odeon cinema in Leicester Square closing for refurbishment plus Vue cinema installing a digital screen. In addition 15 West End shows have long standing shows in situ new front of house installations are not required, and the majority were installed by Newmans. Savings have been clawed back from personnel and administrative cost to try and counteract the profit reduction (and more work is to come on this in 2019). Despite the reduction in revenue Gross Profit remains consistant at 37% and operating profit has remained steady at GBP0.2 million (2017: GBP0.3 million).

Wake the Bear and Story House performed above expectations in their first 4 months of trading and although not contributing profitably to 2018, they are expected to do well in 2019.

New York

Following on from an extremely tough 2017, SpotCo's revenue contribution to the group decreased in 2018 by GBP4.5 million (9.3%) to GBP44.0 million (2017: GBP48.5 million). In US Dollars, SpotCo's 2018 revenue was $58.5 million, a $4.4 million (7.0%) decrease on 2017's $62.9 million. The weighted average exchange rate between the US Dollar and British Pound in 2017 for SpotCo's revenues was 1.33, compared with 2017's average of 1.30 exaggerating the revenue reduction further. As reported in the 2017 report, SpotCo felt the effects of new competition and lack of large new shows opening, however under the new management team of Shelby Ladd and Stephen Santore, a number of pitches have been won and SpotCo will see the effects of this in 2019 and 2020, returning to form.

Gross margin on revenue fell by 1.9% (gross margin on net revenue also fell by 4.33% to 63.9%) given the revenue mix being more weighted to media buying services, however, a real drive on reducing personnel and overhead costs meant Adjusted EBITDA increased by GBP0.13 million. Due to a GBP1.5 million impairment within the Group of the Goodwill in SpotCo in the prior year (nothing in 2018), operating profit at GBP0.1 million was GBP1.6 million above 2017 (a GBP1.50 million loss).

Other Performance Highlights

Long Term Incentive Plan (LTIP)

The Board recognises the importance of retaining and incentivising employees, and has continued to operate the r4e plc Long Term Incentive Plan, set up in 2016, which allows the Company to make grants of share options of up to 20 per cent of the issued share capital. Included within employee costs and therefore within EBITDA before exceptional items, in 2018, is GBP0.5 million of costs related to the valuation of the LTIP options granted to employees in the year (2017: GBP0.2 million). There is no cash effect of the valuation, with the costs being recognised within personnel costs in the Statement of Comprehensive Income and the creation of an option reserve on the Statement of Financial Position. 4.5 million options were exercised in 2018 (2017: 19.4 million) and 12.98 million were forfeit (2017: 17.8 million).

Finance Costs

Finance costs for the year amount to GBP0.3 million (2017: GBP0.3 million), and primarily comprise interest and fees on PNC debt of GBP0.25 million (2017: GBP0.2.8 million). The moderate reduction in the cost is attributable to lower levels of borrowings over the course of the year.

Tax

A tax credit of GBP1,000 has been recognised in the year (2017: GBP0.8 million credit) as an adjustment to prior periods netted off against credits in SpotCo. Group relief - mainly from r4e, but also Wake the Bear and Jampot - has enabled the Group to extinguish the liability due from Dewynters and reduce Newman's tax charge to GBP0.01 million, whilst no tax is due in the USA on SpotCo profits again this year (2017: GBPNil).

Cash Flow

Cash outflow from operating activities in the year was GBP2.0 million (2017: GBP1.8 million inflow) as a result of working capital movements. Trade receivables are significantly higher at 31 December 2018 which is simply a result of revenue being much higher in November and December 2018 than during the same period in the prior year. As part of its investing activities, property plant and equipment expenditure was GBP0.1 million (2017: GBP0.1 million).

Financing activity cash flow has significant movements as a result of the PNC asset based lending facility. As cash is drawn down to fund working capital, proceeds from the facility totalled GBP79.49 million, and repayments to the lender through the facility totalled GBP78.48 million (2017: GBP83.72 million and GBP84.4 million respectively). Proceeds from the issues of share capital arising upon exercise of share options totalled GBP0.05 million (2017: GBP5.5 million - including GBP0.2 million arising upon the exercise of share options - after related expense), Interest and fees paid out on debt totalled GBP0.25 million (2017: GBP0.29 million), reduced because of lower debt levels.

As explained in the prior year accounts, the cash position is not expected to increase over the short term as drawdowns from the PNC facility are charged a higher interest than unutilised borrowings. Therefore, cash for working capital purposes is only drawn down as required for payments rather than being retained on hand for any length of time.

Position at 31 December 2018

As at 31 December 2018, the Group balance sheet has strengthened by GBP0.2 million with a net asset position of GBP9.4 million (2017: GBP9.2 million), caused primarily by a better performance in the year. After excluding share based payment charges (as these net off in the income statement against the share options reserve) profit after tax is GBP0.3 million. Plus the exercise of employee share options resulted in share issue income (net of costs) of GBP0.05 million.

Non-current assets are lower by GBP0.2 million at GBP10.8 million (2017: GBP11.1 million), as a result of depreciation and amortisation offset by additions of GBP0.7 million and the effects of foreign exchange rates on the value of intangibles (goodwill and brands) in SpotCo.

Current assets have increased by GBP3.6 million, from GBP18.4 million at 31 December 2017 to GBP22.0 million. That is as a result of trade and other receivables being higher by GBP5.1 million - as a result of timing with higher revenues at year end - offset by cash being lower by GBP1.5 million.

Trade and other payables have also increased year-on-year, by 12.4%, or GBP2.2 million, at GBP18.0 million. This reflects the increased levels of work in November and December 2018. Current borrowings have also increased slightly from GBP2.4 million to GBP3.6 million, as the asset based lending liability has increased, caused by higher levels of drawdown in parallel with higher trading levels. This can be due to timing as cash is drawn down and repaid on a constant rolling basis.

Net current assets have improved by GBP0.2 million, from GBP0.2 million to GBP0.4 million, primarily to the increase in trade and other receivables.

Non-current liabilities have been reduced by GBP0.2 million, from GBP2.0 million to GBP1.8 million. This is a result of the repayment of the liability owed to David Stoller (previous CEO) in relation to pay in lieu of notice and compensation for loss of office, and related payroll tax obligations.

In equity, there's been an increases of GBP0.02 million increase to share capital and GBP0.02 million to share premium, from the exercise of employee share options. GBP0.5 million was charged to the share option reserve in connection with the value of r4e plc LTIP options granted to employees. These were offset GBP0.2 million by the loss for the year. (Share options exercised during 2018 resulted in the release of GBP0.03 million from share option reserve to retained earnings.)

CONSOLIDATED INCOME STATEMENT FOR YEARED 31 December 2018

 
                                                                    2018      2017 
                                                          Note   GBP'000   GBP'000 
Continuing operations 
Revenue                                                           77,733    80,211 
Cost of sales                                                4  (58,242)  (60,066) 
                                                                --------  -------- 
GROSS PROFIT                                                      19,491    20,145 
Administrative expenses                                      4  (19,387)  (22,539) 
--------------------------------------------------------  ----  --------  -------- 
Adjusted EBITDA*                                                   1,418       976 
Share based payment charges                                        (484)     (234) 
                                                                --------  -------- 
EBITDA before exceptional items and goodwill impairment              934       742 
Exceptional administrative expenses                          2     (230)     (962) 
Impairment of goodwill                                       7         -   (1,533) 
Depreciation                                                       (426)     (452) 
Amortisation of intangible assets                            7     (174)     (189) 
--------------------------------------------------------  ----  --------  -------- 
OPERATING PROFIT/(LOSS)                                              104   (2,394) 
Finance income                                                        14         - 
Finance costs                                                3     (279)     (295) 
                                                                --------  -------- 
LOSS BEFORE TAXATION                                               (161)   (2,689) 
Taxation                                                     5         1       824 
                                                                --------  -------- 
LOSS FOR THE YEAR                                                  (160)   (1,865) 
                                                                ========  ======== 
The loss is attributable to: 
Non-controlling interests                                          (121)         - 
Equity holders of the company                                       (39)   (1,865) 
                                                                --------  -------- 
                                                                   (160)   (1,865) 
                                                                ========  ======== 
Basic and diluted loss per share (pence) 
Basic loss per share                                         6    (0.02)    (0.30) 
Diluted loss per share                                       6    (0.02)    (0.30) 
                                                                ========  ======== 
 

* Adjusted EBITDA is before exceptional items, goodwill impairment and share based payment charges.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF TOTAL COMPREHENSIVE INCOME

FOR THE YEARED 31 DECEMBER 2018

 
                                                              2018      2017 
                                                           GBP'000   GBP'000 
LOSS FOR THE YEAR                                            (160)   (1,865) 
                                                          --------  -------- 
Other comprehensive income: 
Items that will not be reclassified to profit and loss: 
Currency translation differences                             (174)      (33) 
                                                          --------  -------- 
Other comprehensive income for the year, net of tax          (174)      (33) 
                                                          --------  -------- 
TOTAL COMPREHENSIVE LOSS FOR THE YEAR                        (334)   (1,898) 
                                                          --------  -------- 
 
Total comprehensive loss for the year attributable to: 
Non-controlling interests                                    (121)         - 
Equity holders of the parent                                 (213)   (1,898) 
                                                             (334)   (1,898) 
                                                          ========  ======== 
 

Items in the statement above are disclosed net of tax. The income tax relating to each component of other comprehensive income is disclosed in note 5.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL POSITION

AS AT 31 DECEMBER 2018

 
                                                         2018      2017 
                                               Note   GBP'000   GBP'000 
NON-CURRENT ASSETS 
Goodwill and intangible assets                  7       8,737     8,635 
Property, plant and equipment                           1,956     2,230 
Deferred tax asset                                        160       187 
                                                     --------  -------- 
                                                       10,853    11,052 
                                                     --------  -------- 
CURRENT ASSETS 
Inventories                                               126       139 
Trade and other receivables                            16,057    10,981 
Other current assets                                      582       549 
Cash and cash equivalents                               5,223     6,758 
                                                     --------  -------- 
                                                       21,988    18,427 
                                                     --------  -------- 
TOTAL ASSETS                                           32,841    29,479 
                                                     ========  ======== 
CURRENT LIABILITIES 
Trade and other payables                             (18,007)  (15,773) 
Borrowings                                      8     (3,575)   (2,446) 
                                                     --------  -------- 
                                                     (21,582)  (18,219) 
                                                     --------  -------- 
NET CURRENT ASSET                                         406       208 
                                                     --------  -------- 
NON-CURRENT LIABILITIES 
Deferred taxation                                       (861)     (785) 
Other payables                                  9       (977)   (1,194) 
Borrowings                                      8           -      (56) 
                                                     --------  -------- 
                                                      (1,838)   (2,035) 
                                                     --------  -------- 
TOTAL LIABILITIES                                    (23,420)  (20,254) 
                                                     --------  -------- 
NET ASSETS                                              9,421     9,225 
                                                     ========  ======== 
EQUITY 
Called up share capital                         10      5,028     5,005 
Share premium                                   10     20,275    20,252 
Deferred shares                                         1,498     1,498 
Retained earnings                                    (18,248)  (18,154) 
Own shares held                                 10      (259)     (259) 
Other reserves                                          1,166       883 
Attributable to equity holders of the parent            9,460     9,225 
Non-controlling interests                                (39)         - 
                                                     --------  -------- 
TOTAL EQUITY                                            9,421     9,225 
                                                     ========  ======== 
 

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN EQUITY FOR THE YEARED 31 DECEMBER 2018

 
                                                    Own                      Attributable 
                      Share    Share  Deferred   Shares  Retained     Other     to equity  Non-controlling    Total 
                    capital  premium    shares     held  earnings  Reserves    holders of        interests   equity 
                    GBP'000  GBP'000   GBP'000  GBP'000   GBP'000   GBP'000    the parent          GBP'000  GBP'000 
ATTRIBUTABLE TO 
EQUITY HOLDERS 
OF THE PARENT 
At 31 December 
 2016                 3,074   16,645     1,498    (259)  (16,480)       873         5,351                -    5,351 
 
Loss for the year         -        -         -        -   (1,865)         -       (1,865)                -  (1,865) 
Other 
comprehensive 
income, net of 
tax: 
Currency 
 translation 
 differences              -        -         -        -         -      (33)          (33)                -     (33) 
                    -------  -------  --------  -------  --------  --------  ------------  ---------------  ------- 
Total 
 comprehensive 
 income for the 
 year                     -        -         -        -   (1,865)      (33)       (1,898)                -  (1,898) 
Transactions with 
owners in their 
capacity 
as owners: 
Shares issued         1,931    3,607         -        -         -         -         5,538                -    5,538 
Share based 
 payment charges          -        -         -        -         -       234           234                -      234 
Share options 
 exercised                -        -         -        -       191     (191)             -                -        - 
                    -------  -------  --------  -------  --------  --------  ------------  ---------------  ------- 
Total transactions 
 with owners in 
 their capacity as 
 owners:              1,931    3,607         -        -       191        43         5,772                -    5,562 
                    -------  -------  --------  -------  --------  --------  ------------  ---------------  ------- 
At 31 December 
 2017                 5,005   20,252     1,498    (259)  (18,154)       883         9,225                -    9,225 
                    =======  =======  ========  =======  ========  ========  ============  ===============  ======= 
Loss for the year         -        -         -        -     (121)         -         (121)             (39)    (160) 
Other 
comprehensive 
income, net of 
tax: 
Currency 
 translation 
 differences              -        -         -        -         -     (174)         (174)                -    (174) 
                    -------  -------  --------  -------  --------  --------  ------------  ---------------  ------- 
Total 
 comprehensive 
 income for the 
 year                     -        -         -        -     (121)     (174)         (295)             (39)    (334) 
Transactions with 
owners in their 
capacity 
as owners: 
Shares issued, net 
 of costs                23       23         -        -         -         -            46                -       46 
Share based 
 payment charges          -        -         -        -         -       484           484                -      484 
Share options 
 exercised/lapsed         -        -         -        -        27      (27)             -                -        - 
                    -------  -------  --------  -------  --------  --------  ------------  ---------------  ------- 
Total transactions 
 with owners in 
 their capacity as 
 owners:                 23       23         -        -        27       457           530                -      530 
                    =======  =======                     ========  ========  ============  ===============  ======= 
At 31 December 
 2018                 5,028   20,275     1,498    (259)  (18,248)     1,166         9,460             (39)    9,421 
                    =======  =======  ========  =======  ========  ========  ============  ===============  ======= 
 

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS

FOR THE YEARED 31 DECEMBER 2018

 
                                                                   2018      2017 
                                                         Note   GBP'000   GBP'000 
Cash (used in)/generated from operating activities        12    (2,044)     1,797 
Income taxes paid                                                  (18)      (44) 
                                                               --------  -------- 
Net cash (used in)/generated from operating activities          (2,062)     1,753 
                                                               --------  -------- 
Investing activities 
Purchases of property, plant and equipment                         (71)     (115) 
Net cash used in investing activities                              (71)     (115) 
                                                               --------  -------- 
Financing activities 
Net proceeds from the issue of share capital                         46     5,538 
Finance income                                                       14         - 
Proceeds from asset based lending                                79,492    83,722 
Repayment of asset based lending                               (78,484)  (85,114) 
Repayment of term loan                                                -     (788) 
Repayments of obligations under finance leases                     (19)      (65) 
Interest and fees paid on borrowings                              (251)     (295) 
                                                               --------  -------- 
Net cash generated from financing activities                        798     2,998 
                                                               --------  -------- 
Net (decrease)/increase in cash and cash equivalents            (1,335)     4,636 
Cash and cash equivalents at the beginning of the year            6,758     2,097 
Effect of foreign exchange rate changes                           (200)        25 
                                                               --------  -------- 
Cash and cash equivalents at the end of the year                  5,223     6,758 
                                                               ========  ======== 
 

reconciliation of net debt

 
                                2017  Cash flows  Non-cash GBP'000      2018 
                             GBP'000     GBP'000                     GBP'000 
Cash and cash equivalents      6,758     (1,335)             (200)     5,223 
Borrowings                   (2,502)       (940)             (133)   (3,575) 
                            --------  ----------  ----------------  -------- 
Net cash/(debt)                4,256     (2,275)             (333)     1,648 
                            ========  ==========  ================  ======== 
 

BASIS OF PRESENTATION

The financial information in this announcement does not constitute statutory accounts as defined in section 434 of the Companies Act 2006. The figures for the year ended 31 December 2018 are an abridged version of the Company's accounts which have been reported on by the Company's auditor but have not been dispatched to the shareholders or filed with the Registrar of Companies. These accounts received an audit report which was unqualified and did not include a statement under section 498(2) or section 498(3) of the Companies Act 2006.

Reach4entertainment enterprises plc is a public limited company incorporated and domiciled in England and Wales under the Companies Act 2006. The address of its principal place of business and registered office is Wellington House, 125 Strand, London WC2R 0AP and the Company's registered number is 2725009. The principal activities of the Group are the provision of creative, advertising, marketing and other services to the theatrical, film and live entertainment industries including media strategy and buying, marketing and sales promotions, signage and publishing.

The preliminary financial information does not constitute full accounts within the meaning of section 434 of the Companies Act 2006 but is derived from accounts for the years ended 31 December 2018 and 31 December 2017, both of which are audited. The preliminary announcement is prepared on the same basis as set out in the statutory accounts for the year ended 31 December 2018. While the financial information included in this preliminary announcement has been prepared in accordance with the recognition and measurement criteria of International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS), as adopted by the European Union (EU), this announcement does not in itself contain sufficient information to comply with IFRSs.

The statutory accounts for the year ended 31 December 2018 will be delivered to the Registrar of Companies. Statutory accounts for the year ended 31 December 2017 have been filed with the Registrar of Companies. The auditor's reports for the years ended 31 December 2018 and 31 December 2017 were unqualified, did not include a reference to any matter to which the auditor drew attention by way of emphasis and did not contain any statement under section 498(2) or (3) of the Companies Act 2006.

A copy of this preliminary statement will be available to download on the Group's website www.r4e.com.

SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

GOODWILL

Goodwill is reviewed for impairment at least annually and any impairment will be recognised in the income statement and is not subsequently reversed. As such it is stated at cost less provision for impairment in value. The indefinite-life nature of goodwill is considered appropriate given the longevity of agencies in the theatre world - for example Dewynters has been in existence for about a century now. On disposal of a subsidiary, the attributable amount of goodwill is included in the determination of the profit or loss on disposal.

IMPAIRMENT OF ASSETS (INTANGIBLE AND PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT)

Goodwill is not subject to amortisation but is tested annually or whenever there is an indication that the asset may be impaired. For the purpose of impairment testing, assets are grouped at the lowest levels for which they have separately identifiable cash flows, known as cash generating units (CGUs). If the recoverable amount of the CGU is less than the carrying amount of the unit, the impairment loss is allocated first to reduce the carrying amount of any goodwill allocated to the unit and then to the other assets of the unit pro-rata on the basis of the carrying amount of each asset in the unit. Impairment losses recognised for goodwill are not reversed in a subsequent period.

Recoverable amount is the higher of fair value less costs to sell and value in use. In assessing value in use, the estimated future cash flows are discounted to their present value using a pre-tax discount rate that reflects current market assessments of the time value of money and the risks specific to the asset for which the estimates of future cash flows have not been adjusted.

At each balance sheet date, the Group reviews the carrying amounts of its property, plant and equipment and intangible assets with finite useful lives to determine whether there is any indication that those assets have suffered an impairment loss. If any such indication exists, the recoverable amount of the asset is estimated in order to determine the extent, if any, of the impairment loss. Where it is not possible to estimate the recoverable amount of an individual asset, the Group estimates the recoverable amount of the cash-generating unit to which the asset belongs. If the recoverable amount of an asset or cash-generating unit is estimated to be less than its carrying amount, the carrying amount of the asset or cash-generating unit is reduced to its recoverable amount. An impairment loss is recognised immediately in the income statement. Where an impairment loss subsequently reverses the carrying amount of the asset or cash-generating unit is increased to the revised estimate of its recoverable amount, not to exceed the carrying amount that would have been determined had no impairment loss been recognised for the asset or cash-generating unit in prior years. A reversal of an impairment loss is recognised immediately in the income statement.

REVENUE RECOGNITION

Revenue for media comprises commission and fees earned during the year in respect of amounts billed, whether for marketing or advertising services or for the sale of physical merchandise. Direct costs include fees paid to external suppliers where they are retained to perform part or all of a specific project for a client and the resulting expenditure is directly attributable to the revenue earned. The Group recognises that it acts as principal not agent due to its control of services before transfer to the client and therefore revenue is recognised at gross amount billed.

Revenue and profit for events is recognised when the event takes place. Where revenue is conditional on the occurrence of future events, that revenue is not recognised until that event occurs.

Revenue is net of VAT and other sales-related taxes.

SHARE BASED PAYMENTS

The Group issues equity-settled share-based payments to certain employees. Equity-settled share-based payments are measured at fair value (excluding the effect of non-market based vesting conditions) at the date of grant.

The fair value determined at the grant date of the equity-settled share-based payments is expensed on a straight-line basis over the vesting period, based on the Group's estimate of the shares that will eventually vest and adjusted for the effect of non-market based vesting conditions.

Fair value is measured using a Black-Scholes valuation model for vanilla options and a binomial model for more complex options. The expected life used in the model has been adjusted, based on management's best estimate, for the effects of non-transferability, exercise restrictions and behavioural considerations.

CAPITAL RISK MANAGEMENT

The Group's objectives when managing capital - the combination of equity and debt funding - are to safeguard the Group's ability to continue as a going concern in order to provide returns for shareholders and benefits for other stakeholders and to maintain an optimal capital structure to reduce the cost of capital. In order to adjust the capital structure, the Group may issue new shares or sell assets to reduce debt.

As part of the Capital Risk Management process the Group acknowledges the need to monitor, and meet in full, covenants held over the revolving asset based facility with PNC. More details on the bank debt are in the Group Strategic Report above and in Borrowings note 8. The covenants were met for the key full-year measure, and until the date of the release of these accounts.

NOTES TO THE FINAL RESULTS ANNOUCEMENT FOR THE YEARING 31 DECEMBER 2018

Index of Notes

   1.    Business and Geographical Segments 
   2.    Exceptional Administrative Items 
   3.    Finance Costs 
   4.    Expenses by Nature and Auditor's Remuneration 
   5.    Taxation 
   6.    Earnings Per Share 
   7.    Goodwill and Intangible Assets 
   8.    Borrowings 
   9.    Other Non-Current Payables 

10. Share Capital

11. Shared-Based Payments

12. Cash Generated from Operations

13. Related Party Disclosures

14. Transactions with Directors

15. Subsequent Events

   1.    BUSINESS AND GEOGRPAHICAL SEGMENTS 

For management purposes, the Group is currently organised into four operating segments - New York operations, London operations, European operations and Head Office. These divisions are the basis on which the Group reports its segment information to the chief operating decision maker.

Principal continuing activities are as follows:

New York (NY) - data-driven marketing, design, advertising, promotions, digital media services, and publishing.

London - data-driven marketing, design, advertising, promotions, digital media services, publishing, signage and fascia displays.

Europe (Hamburg in prior year but inclusive of Holland in 2018) - data-driven marketing strategy and planning, media planning, design, event production, PR, CRM and data consulting.

Head Office - corporate strategy, finance and administration services for the Group.

Segment information for continuing operations of the Group for the year ended 31 December 2018 is presented below:

 
                                      NY       London     European 
                              operations   operations   operations  Head Office     Group 
                                 GBP'000      GBP'000      GBP'000      GBP'000   GBP'000 
Provision of services             43,960       31,255        1,389            -    76,605 
Sale of goods                          -        1,129            -            -     1,128 
                             ===========  ===========  ===========  ===========  ======== 
Revenue 
 (all external customers)         43,960       32,384        1,389            -    77,733 
                             ===========  ===========  ===========  ===========  ======== 
Adjusted EBITDA                      578        2,375        (727)        (808)     1,418 
Share based 
 payment charges                    (53)         (45)            -        (386)     (484) 
                             -----------  -----------  -----------  -----------  -------- 
EBITDA before 
 exceptional items                   525        2,330        (727)      (1,194)       934 
Exceptional administrative          (86)        (134)            -         (10)     (230) 
Depreciation                       (221)        (194)          (7)          (4)     (426) 
Amortisation                       (113)         (61)            -            -     (174) 
                             -----------  -----------  -----------  -----------  -------- 
Operating profit/(loss)              105        1,941        (734)      (1,208)       104 
Finance income                         -            -            -           14        14 
Finance costs                      (190)         (85)            -          (4)     (279) 
                             -----------  -----------  -----------  -----------  -------- 
(Loss)/profit before tax            (85)        1,856        (734)      (1,198)     (161) 
Tax credit/(charge)                  104      (1,893)            -        1,790         1 
                             -----------  -----------  -----------  -----------  -------- 
Profit/(loss) after tax               19         (37)        (734)          592     (160) 
                             ===========  ===========  ===========  ===========  ======== 
 
   1.    BUSINESS AND GEOGRAPHICAL SEGMENTS (continued) 

Management fees charged at an arm's-length basis between reportable segments are reflected in the figures above on the basis that this is a true reflection of the operating costs of each segment.

 
                                     NY       London 
                             operations   operations                               Head Office     Group 
                                GBP'000      GBP'000  European operations GBP'000      GBP'000   GBP'000 
Capital additions: 
Property, plant and 
 equipment                            8           55                            4            4        71 
                            ===========  ===========  ===========================  ===========  ======== 
Balance sheet: 
Segment assets 
Non-current assets                5,946        4,847                           18           42    10,853 
Current assets                    9,382        9,019                          476        3,111    21,988 
                            -----------  -----------  ---------------------------  -----------  -------- 
Total segment assets             15,328       13,866                          494        3,153    32,841 
                            ===========  ===========  ===========================  ===========  ======== 
Liabilities: 
Total segment liabilities      (13,872)      (8,184)                        (152)      (1,212)  (23,420) 
                            ===========  ===========  ===========================  ===========  ======== 
 

Segment information for continuing operations of the Group for the year ended 31 December 2017 is presented below.

 
                                                           NY       London     European 
                                                   operations   operations   operations  Head Office     Group 
                                                      GBP'000      GBP'000      GBP'000      GBP'000   GBP'000 
 
Sale of services                                       48,508       30,317        1,386            -    80,211 
                                                  ===========  ===========  ===========  ===========  ======== 
Adjusted EBITDA                                           446        1,012         (52)        (430)       976 
Shared based payment credit/(charges)                      40         (83)         (40)        (151)     (234) 
                                                  -----------  -----------  -----------  -----------  -------- 
EBITDA before exceptional items and goodwill 
 impairment                                               486          929         (92)        (581)       742 
Exceptional administrative                               (78)        (157)            -        (727)     (962) 
Impairment of goodwill                                (1,533)            -            -            -   (1,533) 
Depreciation                                            (245)        (199)          (5)          (3)     (452) 
Amortisation                                            (128)         (61)            -            -     (189) 
                                                  -----------  -----------  -----------  -----------  -------- 
Operating profit/(loss)                               (1,498)          512         (97)      (1,311)   (2,394) 
Finance costs                                           (212)         (42)          (2)         (39)     (295) 
                                                  -----------  -----------  -----------  -----------  -------- 
Profit/(loss) before tax                              (1,710)          470         (99)      (1,350)   (2,689) 
Tax (charge)/credit                                       912         (31)            -         (57)       824 
                                                  -----------  -----------  -----------  -----------  -------- 
Profit/(loss) after tax                                 (798)          439         (99)      (1,407)   (1,865) 
                                                  ===========  ===========  ===========  ===========  ======== 
 
   1.            BUSINESS AND GEOGRAPHICAL SEGMENTS (continued) 

Management fees charged at an arm's-length basis between reportable segments are reflected in the figures above on the basis that this is a true reflection of the operating costs of each segment.

 
                                     NY       London     European  Head Office 
                             operations   operations   operations   operations     Group 
                                GBP'000      GBP'000      GBP'000      GBP'000   GBP'000 
Capital additions: 
Property, plant and 
 equipment                            -           90           25            -       115 
                            ===========  ===========  ===========  ===========  ======== 
Balance sheet: 
Segment assets 
Non-current assets                5,914        5,096           21           21    11,052 
Current assets                    5,106        7,028          649        5,644    18,427 
                            -----------  -----------  -----------  -----------  -------- 
Total segment assets             11,020       12,124          670        5,665    29,479 
                            ===========  ===========  ===========  ===========  ======== 
Liabilities: 
Total segment liabilities       (9,921)      (7,822)        (868)      (1,643)  (20,254) 
                            ===========  ===========  ===========  ===========  ======== 
 

Segment assets for 2017 comparatives have been adjusted to reflect the allocation of goodwill and intangibles to the related segments.

   2.    EXCEPTIONAL ADMINISTRATIVE ITEMS 
 
                                                    2018      2017 
                                                 GBP'000   GBP'000 
Employee contract termination-related costs          230       814 
Costs relating to reorganisation of the Board          -       104 
Costs expensed to Income Statement re share 
 issues                                                -        44 
Exceptional administrative expenses                  230       962 
                                                ========  ======== 
 

Employee Contract Termination-Related Costs

The employee contract termination-related costs of GBP0.23 million (2017: GBP0.81 million) relate to employees of Dewynters, SpotCo, and Head Office, and are considered exceptional due to the level of redundancy, PILON, and compensation for loss of office required as a result of company performance.

Costs Relating to Reorganisation of Board (2017 only)

In order to ensure governance compliance when reorganising the Board, exceptional legal and other costs were incurred in 2017.

   2.    EXCEPTIONAL ADMINISTRATIVE ITEMS (continued) 

Costs Expensed to Income Statement Re Share Issues (2017 only)

Other costs of GBP0.15m directly associated with the equity placing of December 2017, raising GBP5.5 million (gross proceeds), were charged against the share premium account, making a total of GBP0.2m of costs re share issues.

   3.    finance costs 
 
                                              2018      2017 
                                           GBP'000   GBP'000 
Finance lease interest                          19        20 
Interest on PNC debt                           160       170 
Fees on PNC debt                                86       108 
Amortisation of PNC debt issue costs             5         - 
Foreign exchange loss/(gain) on finance 
 items                                           9       (3) 
                                          --------  -------- 
                                               279       295 
                                          ========  ======== 
 
   4.    expenses by nature and auditor's remuneration 
 
                                                      2018      2017 
                                                   GBP'000   GBP'000 
Media, marketing and promotional services           57,417    60,066 
Staff costs                                         14,186    14,646 
Share based payment costs (note 11)                    484       234 
Depreciation, amortisation and impairment              600     2,174 
Exceptional administrative items (note 2)              230       962 
General office expenses                              1,734     1,596 
Operating lease payments: 
    Land and buildings                               1,339     1,460 
    Plant and machinery                                135        62 
Professional costs                                     982       636 
Travelling                                             389       498 
Other                                                  133       271 
                                                  --------  -------- 
Total cost of sales and administrative expenses     77,629    82,605 
                                                  ========  ======== 
 
   4.    expenses by nature and auditor's remuneration (continued) 

During the year the Group obtained the following services from the Company's auditor and its associates:

 
                                                       2018      2017 
                                                    GBP'000   GBP'000 
Audit fees 
- statutory audit of the parent and consolidated 
 accounts                                                39        63 
Fees payable to the company's auditor and 
 its associates for other services: 
- the audit of the company's subsidiaries, 
 pursuant to legislation                                 69        55 
- audit related services                                 10        15 
                                                        118       133 
                                                   ========  ======== 
 
   5.    taxation 
 
                                                     2018      2017 
                                                  GBP'000   GBP'000 
Current tax: 
UK corporation tax                                     13         - 
Adjustments in respect of prior periods                96         - 
Overseas tax credit on losses of the year           (104)      (22) 
                                                 --------  -------- 
Total current tax charge/(credit)                       5      (22) 
                                                 --------  -------- 
Deferred tax: 
Origination and reversal of timing differences         18     (234) 
Adjustments in respect of prior periods              (24)         - 
Deferred tax rate change                                -     (568) 
                                                 --------  -------- 
Total deferred tax credit                             (6)     (802) 
                                                 --------  -------- 
Tax credit on loss of ordinary activities             (1)     (824) 
                                                 ========  ======== 
 
   5.      TAXATION (continued) 

Factors affecting the tax charge for the year:

 
                                                           2018      2017 
                                                        GBP'000   GBP'000 
The tax assessed for the year differs from 
 the effective average 
 rate of corporation tax in the UK of 19.00% 
 (2017: 19.25%). 
 The differences are explained below: 
Loss on ordinary activities before tax                    (161)   (2,689) 
                                                       --------  -------- 
 
 
Loss on ordinary activities multiplied by 
 effective average 
 rate of corporation tax in the UK of 19.00% 
 (2017: 19.25%)                                            (31)     (518) 
Effects of: 
Fixed asset differences                                      14        20 
Expenses not deductible for tax purposes                     54       393 
Other tax adjustments, reliefs and transfers              (111)     (135) 
Adjustment in respect of prior periods                       96         - 
Adjustment in respect of prior periods (deferred 
 tax)                                                      (24)         - 
Timing differences not recognised in the computation         20       128 
Impact of changes in foreign tax rates for 
 deferred tax                                               (7)     (568) 
FX difference on opening gross timing differences             -        32 
Deferred tax not previously recognised                     (12)     (176) 
                                                       --------  -------- 
Total tax credit for the year                               (1)     (824) 
                                                       ========  ======== 
 

A deferred tax asset of approximately GBP1.04 million (2017: GBP1.05 million) has not been recognised due to uncertainty over future profitability. At 31 December 2018, the Group had trade losses carried forward of GBP2.9 million (2017: GBP3.0 million), available for offset against future profits in the UK, as well as non-trade loan relationship deficit of GBP3.2 million (2017: GBP3.2 million) and capital losses of GBP4.7 million (2017: GBP4.7 million).

Taxation is calculated at the rates prevailing in the respective jurisdictions. The standard tax rates in each jurisdiction are 21% in the United States (2017: 21%) and 19% in the United Kingdom (2017: 19%).

   6.    EARNINGS PER SHARE 

The calculations of earnings per share are based on the following profits and number of shares:

 
Profit attributable to equity holders of                2018         2017 
 the company                                         GBP'000      GBP'000 
For basic and diluted profit per share 
Loss for financial year                                (160)      (1,865) 
                                               =============  =========== 
Number of shares                                      Number       Number 
Weighted average number of ordinary shares 
 for the 
 purposes of basic and diluted earnings per 
 share*                                        1,004,709,678  627,060,836 
Potentially dilutive effect of share options     181,178,710   97,573,736 
                                               =============  =========== 
 
   6.      EARNINGS PER SHARE (continued) 
 
Loss per share             2018    2017 
                          pence   pence 
Basic loss per share     (0.02)  (0.30) 
Diluted loss per share   (0.02)  (0.30) 
                         ======  ====== 
 

* The loss attributable to ordinary shareholders and weighted average number of ordinary shares for the purposes of calculating the diluted loss per share are the same as those used for basic loss per ordinary share. This is because the exercise of share options and other benefits would have the effect of reducing loss per share and is therefore not dilutive under the terms of IAS 33, Earnings Per Share.

7. goodwill and intangible assets

 
                                 Brands  Customer relationships  Purchased goodwill     Total 
                                GBP'000                 GBP'000             GBP'000   GBP'000 
Cost 
1 January 2017                    4,670                   2,607              14,996    22,273 
Foreign exchange differences      (213)                       -               (531)     (744) 
                               --------  ----------------------  ------------------  -------- 
31 December 2017                  4,457                   2,607              14,465    21,529 
Foreign exchange differences        140                       -                 347       487 
                               --------  ----------------------  ------------------  -------- 
31 December 2018                  4,597                   2,607              14,812    22,016 
                               --------  ----------------------  ------------------  -------- 
Amortisation and impairment 
1 January 2017                    1,704                   1,992               7,631    11,327 
Charged in the year                 128                      61                   -       189 
Impairment charge                     -                       -               1,533     1,533 
Foreign exchange differences      (155)                       -                   -     (155) 
                               --------  ----------------------  ------------------  -------- 
31 December 2017                  1,677                   2,053               9,164    12,894 
Charged in the year                 113                      61                   -       174 
Foreign exchange differences        114                       -                  97       211 
                               --------  ----------------------  ------------------  -------- 
31 December 2018                  1,904                   2,114               9,261    13,279 
                               --------  ----------------------  ------------------  -------- 
Net book value 
31 December 2018                  2,693                     493               5,551     8,737 
                               ========  ======================  ==================  ======== 
31 December 2017                  2,780                     554               5,301     8,635 
                               ========  ======================  ==================  ======== 
31 December 2016                  2,966                     615               7,365    10,946 
                               ========  ======================  ==================  ======== 
 

Goodwill relates to the anticipated profitability and future operating synergies arising on the acquisition of subsidiaries.

Brands relate to the expected future benefit associated with the subsidiaries' well-known names in the market, as arising on acquisition.

   7.       GOODWILL AND INTANGIBLE ASSETS (continued) 

Customer relationships represent the probable value over time of clients obtained by way of acquisition.

All amortisation and impairment charges have been recognised as administrative expenses in the income statement.

Impairment Tests for Goodwill

Goodwill is allocated to the Group's cash-generating units (CGUs) identified according to the operations as grouped upon acquisition. An operating level summary of the goodwill allocation is presented below:

 
                                           2018      2017 
                                        GBP'000   GBP'000 
Dewynters Group (Dewynters, Newmans)      1,351     1,351 
SpotCo                                    4,200     3,950 
                                       --------  -------- 
Total goodwill                            5,551     5,301 
                                       ========  ======== 
 

An impairment of GBP1.53 million in the prior year was related to the carrying value of SpotCo's goodwill. After a disappointing year in 2017 and with recovery looking like it may take longer than previously anticipated, management reviewed and cautiously revised the key assumptions for the value-in-use calculations of SpotCo, in particular pulling back from revenue growth rate for 2019 onwards from 1.5% to 1.0%, which - on the back of the softened outlook for 2018 - resulted in the impairment. Management have continued to monitor the trading outlook and, although recovery looks to be strong in 2019, key revenue growth assumptions have been maintained at a prudent 1.0% as historically SpotCo's performance has been cyclical and a lower growth rate assumption will highlight any upcoming risk should performance start to decline.

The recoverable amount of CGUs has been determined based on value-in-use calculations which cover a period of 5 years plus a terminal value. These calculations use pre-tax cash flow projections based on financial budgets for the year ended 31 December 2019 as approved by management and cash flows beyond the one-year period are extrapolated using straight line growth rates stated below. Prudent assumptions have been used in the value-in-use calculations in the tables.

Management have determined budgeted gross margin, revenue growth and costs based on past performance and expectations of the market development for each CGU. The discount rates are pre-tax and reflect management's assessment of the risks relating to each CGU. In line with the conservative approach adopted in valuing the CGUs, the discount rate applied in the value-in-use calculations has been adjusted to reflect long term rates.

Initial growth rates in year 1 are taken from the CGU's 2019 operational forecasts, and so in some cases can show a difference to the straight-line growth rates applied to subsequent years. Growth after year 1 has been determined on the basis of a combination of general industry market growth - occasionally flexed if necessary for specific CGU circumstances - and so the rate generally remains consistent. The growth rates used are considered by management to be in line with general trends in which each CGU operates and deemed by management to be a reasonable expectation for the CGU.

   7.    GOODWILL AND INTANGIBLE ASSETS (continued) 

The table for Dewynters Group, below, also reflects the level of movements required in revenue or costs which could result in a potential impairment per the value in use calculation. A further percentage (fall)/increase, of the magnitude indicated in the table below, in any one of the key assumptions as set out, would result in a removal of the headroom in the value-in-use calculations in 2018.

The key assumptions used in 2018, for the value-in-use calculations and the change required to remove the headroom - along with whether the Board considers that to be a reasonable change - are as follows:

 
Dewynters Group                Value-in-use   Headroom  Reasonable 
                                 assumption   removal*     change? 
-----------------------------  ------------  ---------  ---------- 
Revenue growth - year 1               7.47%    (15.5%)          No 
Revenue growth per annum 
 - years 2-5                           1.5%     (6.1%)          No 
Employee costs growth - year 
 1                                     9.1%      28.7%          No 
Overhead costs growth - year 
 1                                    11.6%      72.4%          No 
Discount rate                         15.5%     264.9%          No 
Capitalisation rate                   15.5%   (334.7%)          No 
EBITDA reduction - year 1           (12.3%)   (497.0%)          No 
 

* The percentage by which the assumption needs to increase/(decline) to cause risk of impairment

As well as reflecting the key assumptions for the value-in-use calculations, the table for SpotCo, below, also shows the potential level of adverse change in revenue or costs that the Board considers to be possible in the future, along with the impairment that would arise were that change to occur:

 
                               Value-in-use  Headroom  Reasonable 
SpotCo                           assumption   removal     change? 
-----------------------------  ------------  --------  ---------- 
Revenue growth - year 1               13.08    (4.8%)         Yes 
Revenue growth per annum - 
 years 2-5                             1.0%   (1.75%)         Yes 
Employee costs growth - year 
 1                                  (10.5%)      7.0%          No 
Overhead costs reduction - 
 year 1                                5.7%     27.5%          No 
Discount rate                         15.5%     79.5%          No 
Capitalisation rate                   15.5%  (229.7%)          No 
EBITDA growth - year 1                80.2%  (281.0%)          No 
 

Brands and customer relationships all arise on acquisition; there are no internally-generated intangible assets. The brand allocated to the Dewynters CGU totalling GBP2.3 million (2017: GBP2.3 million) is determined to have an indefinite life. It is subject to an annual impairment review using the same assumptions as for goodwill. The brand value allocated to SpotCo CGU totalling GBP0.4 million (2017: GBP0.5 million) is being amortised over 15 years and has 6 years remaining.

Intangible customer relationships are attributable to Dewynters only. The useful economic life for customer relationships within Dewynters is 20 years of which 9 are remaining as at 31 December 2018. It has a carrying value of GBP0.5 million (2017: GBP0.6 million). Where there are any indications of impairment within these businesses the Group carries out impairment reviews on brands and customer relationships using the same assumptions as for goodwill.

   8.    borrowings 
 
                                   2018      2017 
                                GBP'000   GBP'000 
Current: 
Asset based lending facility      3,518     2,372 
Finance leases                       57        74 
                               --------  -------- 
                                  3,575     2,446 
                               ========  ======== 
Non-current: 
Finance leases                        -        56 
                               --------  -------- 
                                      -        56 
                               ========  ======== 
 
 
                                                2018      2017 
                                             GBP'000   GBP'000 
Analysis of borrowings: 
On demand or within one year 
Asset based lending facility                   3,518     2,372 
Finance leases                                    57        74 
                                            --------  -------- 
                                               3,575     2,446 
                                            ========  ======== 
In the second to fifth years inclusive 
Finance leases                                     -        56 
                                            --------  -------- 
                                                   -        56 
                                            --------  -------- 
Amounts due for settlement                     3,582     2,502 
Less amounts due within one year             (3,582)   (2,446) 
                                            --------  -------- 
Amounts due for settlement after one year          -        56 
                                            ========  ======== 
 

Analysis of borrowings by currency:

 
                               Sterling  US Dollar     Total 
                                GBP'000    GBP'000   GBP'000 
31 December 2018 
Asset based lending facility        304      3,214     3,518 
Finance leases                       57          -        57 
                               --------  ---------  -------- 
                                    361      3,214     3,575 
                               ========  =========  ======== 
 
 
                               Sterling  US Dollar     Total 
                                GBP'000    GBP'000   GBP'000 
31 December 2017 
Asset based lending facility        190      2,182     2,372 
Finance leases                      130          -       130 
                               --------  ---------  -------- 
                                    320      2,182     2,502 
                               ========  =========  ======== 
 

8. BORROWINGS (continued)

Asset based lending facility - summary:

 
                                     31 December  31 December 
                                            2017         2017 
                                         GBP'000      GBP'000 
Drawn down                                 3,518        2,372 
Available for drawdown but undrawn         2,196        1,264 
Not available for draw down                3,190        4,864 
                                     -----------  ----------- 
                                           8,904        8,500 
                                     ===========  =========== 
 

Asset Based Lending

SpotCo, Dewynters and Newmans all hold asset based lending facilities with PNC. Borrowing is determined by qualifying accounts receivable. The nature of the facility means that the balance will fluctuate from month to month and as the debt is paid down, new debt will arise to finance working capital, therefore the facility has been reflected as a current liability as it will be constantly revolving. Another effect of the facility is that cash balances across the group will be lower than they would otherwise be, since cash drawdown incurs a higher rate of interest and therefore cash will only be drawn down as required rather than being held on hand.

The facility with PNC has interest payable at 2.25% over Barclays Bank plc. base rate for amounts borrowed in Sterling, or for amounts in Euro or US Dollars 2.25% over the rate published by the central bank or relevant monetary authority. Borrowing facility amounts not utilised incur interest payable at a fixed 0.5%. On top of a fixed and floating charge over its assets, the Group has given PNC an unlimited guarantee in respect of these borrowings.

The Company did not breach any covenants in 2018. As announced in October 2017 the Company breached its quarterly monitoring covenant in the third quarter of 2017. The breach was due to the covenant being determined on a 3-month rolling basis which is therefore sensitive to seasonality fluctuations in EBITDA. As announced in March 2018, the Company received formal agreement from PNC to waive its rights in connection with the breach. As announced in February 2018, the Company stayed within its key overall full-year monitoring covenant for 2017.

The initial 3-year term of the facility expired on 3rd December 2018, and the facility continues indefinitely on a rolling basis unless either party gives at least six months' notice. In March 2019, as part of the approval process for the acquisition of Agency Press Limited (Trading as 'Sold Out') and the Buzz 16 Productions Limited joint venture, the Company agreed to an amendment of the facility which included an increase on the borrowing rates of 0.5%. We believe that the relationship with PNC is good, that they remain supportive of the Company, and that they appear likely to want to continue the arrangement after the end of the initial term. The Directors are confident the Group remains a going concern.

   9.    other non-current payables 

Landlord Reimbursement Accrual

Amounts in non-current other payables of GBP0.52 million (2017: GBP0.56 million) relate to the re-imbursement of leasehold improvement costs from SpotCo's landlord at the New York office. As with many US leases SpotCo, as tenant, had to undertake a programme of refurbishment of the property. Some of the expenses, related to the provision of basic utilities and services, were then refunded by the landlord. GBP0.84 million ($1.25 million) was received in cash from the Landlord in 2013. In line with SIC Interpretation 15 this reimbursement has been recognised as a liability and is being unwound to the income statement over the period of the lease, reducing rental costs. GBP0.07 million was unwound during the year (2017: GBP0.06 million). Amounts in current liabilities relating to the reimbursement total GBP0.07 million (2017: GBP0.06 million).

 
                                 2018      2017 
                              GBP'000   GBP'000 
Within one year                    71        60 
                             --------  -------- 
Between two and five years        272       296 
More than five years              248       260 
                             --------  -------- 
                                  520       556 
                             --------  -------- 
 

Rent Holiday Accrual

Other amounts in non-current other payables of GBP0.46 million (31 December 2017: GBP0.46 million) relate to an accrual for rental payments built up during a period of 'rent holiday' as provided for in the new leases for Dewynters and SpotCo's Offices. In line with SIC Interpretation 15 the accrual will be released to the income statement over the term of the lease thus reducing rent costs.

 
                                 2018      2017 
                              GBP'000   GBP'000 
Within one year                   127       133 
                             --------  -------- 
Between two and five years        450       393 
More than five years                7        69 
                             --------  -------- 
                                  457       462 
                             --------  -------- 
 
   9.       OTHER NON-CURRENT PAYABLES (continued) 

Separation Payments

Other amounts in non-current other payables in the prior year of GBP0.18 million relate to remaining payments owed to David Stoller in relation to pay in lieu of notice and compensation for loss of office, and related payroll tax obligations. The remaining payment of GBP0.16 million will be made in 2018.

 
                                 2018      2017 
                              GBP'000   GBP'000 
Within one year                   164       352 
                             --------  -------- 
Between two and five years          -       176 
                             --------  -------- 
Summary 
Total non-current payables        977     1,194 
                             ========  ======== 
 

10. share capital

 
                                                   2018      2017 
Authorised, allotted, issued and fully paid:    GBP'000   GBP'000 
1,005,597,052 ordinary shares at 0.5 pence 
 each 
 (2017: 1,001,079,415 ordinary shares of 0.5 
 pence each)                                      5,028     5,005 
                                               ========  ======== 
 
 
Authorised, allotted, issued and             Number   Nominal  Share Premium 
 fully paid:                              of shares     Value        GBP'000 
                                                No.   GBP'000 
Date             Detail 
                 Balance brought 
01 Jan 2017       forward               614,992,671     3,074         16,645 
07 Dec 2017      Options exercised       19,420,076        98             98 
20 Dec 2017      Shares issued          366,666,668     1,833          3,509 
                                      -------------  --------  ------------- 
                 Balance carried 
31 Dec 2017       forward             1,001,079,415     5,005         20,252 
18 Jan 2018      Options exercised        3,054,110        15             15 
06 March 2018    Options exercised          768,322         4              4 
28 June 2018     Options exercised          695,205         4              4 
                                      -------------  --------  ------------- 
                 Balance carried 
31 Dec 2019       forward             1,005,097,052     5,028         20,275 
                                      =============  ========  ============= 
 

10. share capital (continued)

Employee Benefit Trust

 
                                          2018      2018     2017      2017 
                                        Shares   GBP'000   Shares   GBP'000 
Cost 
At the beginning and end of the year   259,000       259  259,000       259 
                                       =======  ========  =======  ======== 
 
 
Date          Event           Shares       Price  Detail 
              Share Options                       Exercise of share options 
07 Dec 2017    Exercise       19,420,076   1.0p    by David Stoller 
                                                  On fund raise resulting 
                                                   in share premium of GBP3.67m. 
                                                   Costs of issue totalled 
                                                   GBP0.20m, of which GBP0.04m 
20 Dec 2017   Fund Raise      366,666,668  1.5p    was expensed in the P&L 
                                                  Exercise of employee share 
                                                   options by 'Good Leaver' 
                                                   as part of the r4e plc 
              Share Options                        2016 Long term Incentive 
18 Jan 2018    Exercise       3,054,110    1.0p    Plan 
                                                  Exercise of employee share 
                                                   options by 'Good Leaver' 
                                                   as part of the r4e plc 
              Share Options                        2016 Long term Incentive 
06 Mar 2018    Exercise       768,322      1.0p    Plan 
                                                  Exercise of employee share 
                                                   options by 'Good Leaver' 
                                                   as part of the r4e plc 
              Share Options                        2016 Long term Incentive 
28 Jun 2018    Exercise       695,205      1.0p    Plan 
 

During 2007 and 2008 the company funded an employee benefit trust to purchase its own shares to meet the Group's expected obligations under an employee share scheme. As at 31 December 2018 the market value of own shares held in trust was GBP2,461 (2017: GBP5,569).

During the year the mid-price of the Company's shares traded between 0.95 pence and 2.2 pence (2017: 1.12 pence and 2.25 pence). At 31 December 2017 the share price was 0.98 pence (2017: 2.15 pence).

11. SHARE-BASED PAYMENTS

Equity-Settled Share Option Plan

Under the Group plan, share options are granted at the average price of the Company's shares at the grant date. The employee is entitled to the exercise the Options at 1.0p - 2.0p per share as to 50 per cent on the third anniversary of the date of grant and as to 50 per cent on the fourth anniversary of the date of grant.

   11.          SHARE-BASED PAYMENTS (continued) 

In addition, Options held by David Stoller and certain other former or current senior employees and management may be exercised earlier if the Board determines that any exercise condition as set out below has been met:

Should the Company's mid-market closing share price meet or exceed the following targets for five trading days (which may be non-consecutive) within a period of 30 consecutive calendar days prior to the third anniversary of the date of grant, the Option shall be exercisable as follows:

One third of the Option shall become exercisable on meeting a share price target of GBP0.035 per share

(a) A further one third of the Option shall become exercisable on meeting a share price target of GBP0.045 per share; and

The remaining one third of the Option shall become exercisable on meeting a share price target of GBP0.055 per share

In addition, Options held by Marc Boyan may be exercised earlier if the Board determines that any exercise condition as set out below has been met:

Should the Company's mid-market closing share price meet or exceed the following targets for five trading days (which may be non-consecutive) within a period of 30 consecutive calendar days prior to the third anniversary of the date of grant, the Option shall be exercisable as follows:

(a) One third of the Option shall become exercisable on meeting i) a share price target of GBP0.025 per share and/or ii) an increase in Adjusted EBITDA of GBP1,000,000 over the Company's Adjusted EBITDA* for the 2017 financial year

A further one third of the Option shall become exercisable on meeting i) a share price target of GBP0.035 per share and/or ii) an increase in Adjusted EBITDA of GBP2,000,000 over the Company's Adjusted EBITDA* for the 2017 financial year; and

The remaining one third of the Option shall become exercisable on meeting i) a share price target of GBP0.045 per share and/or ii) an increase in Adjusted EBITDA of GBP3,000,000 over the Company's Adjusted EBITDA* for the 2017 financial year

*Adjusted EBITDA is before exceptional items and share based payment charges, measured using consistent Generally Accepted Accounting Policies.

However, subject to the Board's discretion, the Option holders shall be required to retain the shares received on exercise of an Option on the Share Price Targets having been met until the earlier of:

   i)      Twelve months following the date the Option is exercised; or 
   ii)     The third anniversary from the date of grant has passed 
   11.          SHARE-BASED PAYMENTS (continued) 

If options remain unexercised after a period of 6 years from the date of grant, the options expire. Furthermore, options are forfeited if the employee leaves the Group as a "bad leaver" before they become entitled to exercise the share option.

The following options to subscribe for the Company's shares have been granted to directors and eligible employees ('Eligible Ees'), at - and had not lapsed or been exercised by - 31 December 2018:

 
                            Date of      Number of Shares  First          Expiry       Exercise 
Granted to                   Option                         Exercisable*   Date         Price 
Eligible Ees                04 Mar 2016  4,329,924         01 Oct 2017    04 Mar 2022  1.00 pence 
Linzi Allen                 04 Mar 2016  4,750,000         04 Mar 2019    04 Mar 2022  1.00 pence 
Eligible Ees                04 Mar 2016  10,500,000        04 Mar 2019    04 Mar 2022  1.00 pence 
Eligible Ees                21 Mar 2016  9,500,000         21 Mar 2019    21 Mar 2022  1.00 pence 
Eligible Ees                02 Jun 2016  10,800,000        02 Jun 2019    02 Jun 2022  1.00 pence 
Eligible Ees (good leaver)  01 Mar 2017  521,804           31 Jan 2019    01 May 2019  2.00 pence 
Eligible Ees                13 Sep 2017  2,000,000         13 Sep 2020    13 Sep 2023  1.40 pence 
Marc Boyan                  20 Dec 2017  124,635,959       20 Dec 2020    20 Dec 2023  1.50 pence 
 

*or on share price target where applicable

Movement in number of options in the year:

 
                                                     2018          2017 
                                              No. Options   No. Options 
Outstanding brought forward at 1 January      184,533,520    93,100,000 
Granted during the year                                 -   128,635,959 
Exercised during the year                     (4,517,637)  (19,420,076) 
Forfeited during the year                    (12,978,196)  (17,782,363) 
                                             ------------  ------------ 
Outstanding carried forward at 31 December    167,037,687   184,533,520 
                                             ============  ============ 
 

Options granted in 2017 were granted only on the dates, in the volumes, and at the exercise prices as shown in the above table. 4,851,728 options were exercisable at 31 December 2018 (2017: 8,147,561).

The share options outstanding as at 31 December 2018 had a weighted average remaining contractual life of 4.56 years (2017: 5.48 years). The weighted average share price of exercised options at the date of exercise was 1.0p (2017: 1.80p).

No options were granted during the period. The weighted average fair value of options granted during 2017 was 1.03p.

   11.    SHARE-BASED PAYMENTS (continued) 

The fair value of equity-settled share options granted is estimated as at the date of grant using a binomial model, taking account of the terms and conditions upon which the options were granted.

The key assumptions used to determine the fair value are as follows:

 
Exercise price                  1.00-2.00 pence, as applicable 
Share price at valuation date                       0.98 pence 
Expected life                                          6 years 
Volatility                                          100% - 40% 
Risk free interest rate                      From 0.24% - 1.5% 
Exit rate of employees                                      5% 
 

During the year the Group recognised total share-based payment expenses of GBP0.48 million (31 December 2017: GBP0.23 million).

12. cash generated from operations

 
                                                         2018      2017 
                                                      GBP'000   GBP'000 
Reconciliation of net cash flows from operating 
 activities 
Loss before taxation                                    (161)   (2,689) 
Adjustments: 
Finance costs                                             280       295 
Finance income                                           (15)         - 
Depreciation                                              426       452 
Amortisation of intangibles                               174       189 
Impairment of goodwill                                      -     1,533 
Share based payment charges                               484       234 
                                                     --------  -------- 
Operating cash flows before movements in 
 working capital                                        1,188        14 
Decrease in inventories                                    13         - 
(Increase)/decrease in trade and other receivables    (5,138)     2,654 
Increase/(decrease) in trade and other payables         2,109     (783) 
Decrease in other non-current liabilities               (216)      (88) 
Cash (used in)/generated from operating 
 activities                                           (2,044)     1,797 
                                                     ========  ======== 
 

13. RELATED PARTY DISCLOSURES

During the year ended 31 December 2018, transactions with Key Management Personnel are in relation to Directors and other senior executive staff of the Group and are presented in the Directors Remuneration and other tables on page 20 in the audited financial statements.

As announced on 12 February 2018, a media buying agreement was set up between Dewynters and SpotCo with Miroma International Limited and Miroma Outcomes LLC respectively. Miroma are companies wholly owned by Miroma Holdings Limited, a company of which Marc Boyan, the CEO of r4e, is a director and the controlling shareholder. During 2018 Dewynters had income from Miroma companies totalling GBP728,810 (2017 GBPnil) and purchased GBP7,363,810 of services (2017 GBPNil). SpotCo had income totalling $187,827 (2017 $nil) and purchased $3,623,747 of services (2017 $nil).

13. RELATED PARTY DISCLOSURES (continued)

As at 31 December 2018 Dewynters had amounts totalling GBP478,578 due from Miroma companies, and SpotCo had amounts totalling $1,281,450 owing to Miroma companies.

Lord Grade (non-executive Director of r4e) is currently a director of Gate Ventures plc, which was a substantial shareholder in r4e until February 2018. He is also a co-founder of The GradeLinnit Company Ltd ("GradeLinnit"). During 2017, Dewynters had an existing agreement in place with GL 42nd Street Limited, a subsidiary company of GradeLinnit, for the provision of marketing and media services for the West End production of 42nd Street, which launched at the Theatre Royal Drury Lane in the first half of 2017. The fees payable to Dewynters under the agreement were on the Company's normal commercial terms and amounted to GBPnil (2017: GBP1,516,384). The balance owed to Dewynters at 31 December 2018 was GBPnil (2017: GBPnil).

14. TRANSACTIONS WITH DIRECTORS

During the year ended December 2018, the Group procured consultancy services totalling GBP0.03 million (2017: GBP0.03 million) from Springtime Consultants Ltd., a company owned by Marcus Yeoman, a non-executive director of the Board. No balance was outstanding at 31 December 2018 (2017: GBPnil).

15. SUBSEQUENT EVENTS

Acquisition of stake in Buzz 16 Productions

On 30 January 2019 the Company signed an agreement to acquire 50% of the issued share capital of Buzz 16 Productions Limited ("Buzz 16"). The total consideration for the shareholding will be satisfied through r4e's existing cash resources and the Board expects the acquisition to be earnings accretive in 2019. Buzz 16, which was founded in 2016, creates both short and long form sports orientated content and is co-owned by shareholders including former Manchester United player and respected broadcaster, Gary Neville, along with former Sky Sports Premier League producer, Scott Melvin. This acquisition will bring together Buzz 16's strong in-house production capabilities and impressive network of both emerging and established sporting talent with r4e's multi-disciplinary approach to media and marketing services. With nearly 30 years of experience in entertainment marketing, r4e will work with Buzz16 to expand its commercial offerings to sporting talent, clubs, brands and media houses, through optimised strategies across traditional and digital communications, experiential, partnerships and sponsorship.

Grant of Employee Options

On 8 March 2019, the Company announced it had Granted 11,829,924 options to its employees from its 2016 Long Term Incentive Plan. 4,329,924 of these options were granted to r4e plc CEO and Director Marc Boyan. The options were granted with the same performance conditions as previously disclosed in note 11 'Share Based Payments'.

15. SUBSEQUENT EVENTS (continued)

Acquisition of Agency Press Limited (trading as 'Sold Out')

On 21 March 2019, the Company announced the successful completion the acquisition of Sold Out, a full-service advertising agency, specialising in arts and entertainment. London-based integrated agency Sold Out, has specialised in arts and entertainment advertising for over 25 years. During this period it has established a strong reputation in its field and built a portfolio of high profile clients, which includes S.J.M. Concerts, AEG Presents, Live Nation and Cirque Du Soleil. Its services include campaign development, media planning and buying, events, partnerships, design and creative, broadcast and digital media production; all of which will bolster r4e's group offering. The consideration for the Acquisition comprises an initial consideration of GBP3.94 million payable in cash and GBP250,000 payable in 20,833,333 Ordinary Shares and additional deferred cash consideration based on the financial performance of Sold Out during the period commencing on 1 June 2017 to 31 December 2021, excluding working capital adjustments. The aggregate of the Initial Consideration and the Deferred Consideration is to be capped at GBP10 million. The net proceeds of the Placing are to be used to finance the Initial Consideration. With the consent of r4e's existing debt provider, the Initial

Consideration was funded in part by way of a GBP500,000 loan provided by In The Loop Limited, a company of which Marc Boyan, the CEO of r4e, is the ultimate beneficial owner. The loan bears interest at 5%. accruing over a period of 5 years. The debt is unsecured and is to be subordinated to the Company's existing facility.

As at the date of these accounts it is impracticable to give further detail around the fair value of net assets acquired, or any goodwill or intangibles attributed to the acquisition, as the subsidiary has not yet provided the Company with initial acquisition date accounts given that the legally agreed deadline for provision has not yet passed.

Placing completed on 19 March 2019

Consideration for the acquisition of Sold Out as outlined above, was funded in part by the placing of 250,000,000 new Ordinary shares at 1.2 pence per share. The issue raised gross proceeds of GBP3 million. Following the issue of the Placing shares, the Company's total issued share capital consisted of 1,255,597,052 Ordinary Shares.

Notes to Editors

reach4entertainment enterprises plc ("r4e") operates a collection of theatrical, film and live entertainment marketing, PR, advertising and display agencies, across the world. The Company uses its extensive experience in the live entertainments space to create value through investing in innovative and established agencies that provide communications services to a range of clients involved with theatre, film, concerts and more.

For further information on r4e you are invited to visit the Company's website at www.r4e.com.

Spot and Company of Manhattan, INC.

A global leading full-service arts and live entertainment advertising and marketing agency. In an ever-changing media landscape, it stays ahead of the curve with a mix of bold positioning through interactive, broadcast, environmental and print campaigns.

https://www.spotnyc.com

Dewynters Limited

A leading independent arts, events and live entertainment marketing specialist. The agency's work in theatre, museums, attractions, sport and music is seen right across the globe.

http://www.dewynters.com

Newman Displays Limited

The UK's leading large-scale outdoor signage, front of house, marquee display and installation company. Clients include major West End theatre productions, leading film companies, cinemas and major global events.

http://www.newman-displays.com

Wake the Bear Limited

A marketing communications agency that supports businesses to invent, reposition and regenerate their brands in order to grow. The agency carries out brand strategy, communications planning and end-to-end activation.

http://wakethebear.co.uk

Story House PR Limited

A new public relations agency for the theatre and live entertainment industries, operating in the UK and internationally. The agency crafts engaging campaigns for audiences, driven by strategy: the right channel, at the right time, with the right message. Fully integrating PR with paid media and social, ensuring all elements of a campaign are working together, Story House collaborates with its clients to ensure its work is dedicated to realising their ambitions.

www.storyhousepr.co.uk

Buzz 16 Productions

Buzz 16 is an independent production company, which creates both short and long form sports orientated content. The Company was co-founded by former Manchester United player and respected broadcaster, Gary Neville, along with former Sky Sports Premier League producer, Scott Melvin.

https://buzz16.uk

This information is provided by RNS, the news service of the London Stock Exchange. RNS is approved by the Financial Conduct Authority to act as a Primary Information Provider in the United Kingdom. Terms and conditions relating to the use and distribution of this information may apply. For further information, please contact rns@lseg.com or visit www.rns.com.

END

FR CKDDPKBKBQPK

(END) Dow Jones Newswires

May 02, 2019 02:00 ET (06:00 GMT)

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