- Annual and Transition Report (foreign private issuer) (20-F)
01 5월 2012 - 4:47AM
Edgar (US Regulatory)
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OMB APPROVAL
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OMB Number: 3235-0288
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UNITED STATES
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Expires: May 31, 2014
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SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
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Estimated average burden
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Washington, D.C. 20549
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hours per response: 2645.00
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FORM 20-F
(Mark One)
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REGISTRATION STATEMENT PURSUANT TO SECTION 12(b) OR (g) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
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OR
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X
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ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the fiscal year ended
December 31, 2011
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OR
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TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
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OR
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SHELL COMPANY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
Date of event requiring this shell company report__________________
For the transition period from
to
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Commission file number
001-34399
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SHARPE RESOURCES CORPORATION
(Exact name of Registrant as specified in its charter)
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(Translation of Registrant's name into English)
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CANADA
(Jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)
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3258 MOB NECK ROAD
HEATHSVILLE, VIRGINIA 22473
(Address of principal executive offices)
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Roland M. Larsen, Phone 804-580-8107, rolandl525@gmail.com, 3258 Mob Neck Road, Heathsville, VA, 22473
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(Name, Telephone, E-mail and/or Facsimile number and Address of Company Contact Person)
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Securities registered or to be registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act.
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Title of each class
____________________________________
____________________________________
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Name of each exchange on which registered
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____________________________________
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Securities registered or to be registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act.
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COMMON SHARES
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(Title of Class)
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(Title of Class)
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SEC 1852 (09-10)
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Persons who respond to the collection of information contained in this form are not required to respond unless the form displays a currently valid OMB control number
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-1-
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Securities for which there is a reporting obligation pursuant to Section 15(d) of the Act.
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(Title of Class)
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Indicate the number of outstanding shares of each of the issuer's classes of capital or common stock as of the close of the period covered by the annual report.
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48,119,863 Common Shares
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Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act.
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______Yes __X___No
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If this report is an annual or transition report, indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934.
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__X__Yes ____No
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Note Checking the box above will not relieve any registrant required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 from their obligations under those sections.
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Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.
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______Yes __
X
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Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T(232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files)
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______Yes _____No
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Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, or a non-accelerated filer. See definition of accelerated filer and large accelerated filer in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check Below)
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Large accelerated filer _____
Accelerated filer _____
Non-accelerated filer __
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Indicate by check mark which basis of accounting the registrant has used to prepare the financial statements included in this filing:
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U.S. GAAP ________ International Financial Reporting Standards as Issued Other _______
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By the International Accounting Standards Board ___
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If Other has been checked in response to the previous questions, indicate by check mark which financial statement item the registrant has elected to follow.
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______ Item 17 ________Item 18
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If this is an annual report, indicated by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).
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______Yes __
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(APPLICABLE ONLY TO ISSUERS INVOLVED IN BANKRUPTCY PROCEEDINGS DURING THE PAST FIVE YEARS)
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Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has filed all documents and reports required to be filed by Sections 12, 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 subsequent to the distribution of securities under a plan confirmed by a court.
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______Yes _____No
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-2-
Index
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PART 1
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ITEM 1
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IDENTITY OF DIRECTORS, SENIOR MANAGEMENT AND ADVISERS
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4
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ITEM 2
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OFFER STATISTICS AND EXPECTED TIMETABLE
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4
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ITEM 3
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KEY INFORMATION
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4
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A.
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Selected financial data
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4
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B.
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Capitalization and indebtedness
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5
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C.
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Reasons for the offer and use of proceeds
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5
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D.
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Risk factors
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5
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ITEM 4
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INFORMATION ON THE COMPANY
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9
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A.
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History and development of the company
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9
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B.
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Business overview
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10
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C.
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Organizational structure
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10
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D.
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Property, plants and equipment
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10
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ITEM 5
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OPERATING AND FINANCIAL REVIEW AND PROSPECTS
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10
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A.
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Operating results
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10
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B.
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Liquidity and capital resources
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12
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C.
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Research and development, patents and licenses, etc.
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13
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D.
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Trend information
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13
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E.
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Off balance sheet arrangements
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13
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F.
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Tabular disclosures of contractual obligations
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13
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G.
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Safe harbor
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13
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ITEM 6
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DIRECTORS, SENIOR MANAGEMENT AND EMPLOYEES
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14
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A.
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Directors and senior management
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14
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B.
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Compensation
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15
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C.
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Board practices
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19
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D.
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Employees
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23
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E.
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Share ownership
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23
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ITEM 7
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MAJOR SHAREHOLDERS AND RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS
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23
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A.
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Major shareholders
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23
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B.
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Related party transactions
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24
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C.
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Interests of experts and counsel
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25
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ITEM 8
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FINANCIAL INFORMATION
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25
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A.
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Consolidated statements and other financial information
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25
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B.
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Significant changes
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25
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ITEM 9
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THE OFFER AND LISTING
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26
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A.
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Offer and listing details
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26
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B.
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Plan of distribution
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27
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C.
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Markets
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27
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D.
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Selling shareholders
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27
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E.
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Dilution
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27
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F.
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Expense of the issue
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27
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ITEM 10
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ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
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28
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A.
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Share capital
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28
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B.
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Memorandum and articles of association
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28
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C.
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Material contracts
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28
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D.
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Exchange controls
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28
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E.
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Taxation
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30
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F.
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Dividends and paying agents
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30
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G.
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Statements by experts
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30
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H.
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Documents on display
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30
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I.
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Subsidiary information
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31
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ITEM 11
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QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
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31
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ITEM 12
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DESCRIPTION OF SECURITIES OTHER THAN EQUITY SECURITIES
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31
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PART II
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ITEM 13
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DEFAULTS, DIVIDENT ARREARAGES AND DELINQUENCIES
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33
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ITEM 14
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MATERIAL MODIFICATIONS TO THE RIGHTS OF SECURITY HOLDERS AND USE OF PROCEEDS
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33
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ITEM 15
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CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
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33
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A
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DISCLOSURE CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
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33
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B
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MANAGEMENTS ANNUAL REPORT ON INTERNAL CONTROLS OVER FINANCIAL REPORTING
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33
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C
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ATTESTATION REPORT OF THE REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
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33
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D
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CHANGES IN CONTROL OVER FINANCIAL REPORTING
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34
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ITEM 16
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[RESERVED]
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34
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A
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AUDIT COMMITTEE FINANCIAL REPORT
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34
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B
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CODE OF ETHICS
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34
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C
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PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTANT FEES AND SERVICES
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34
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D
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EXEMPTIONS FROM THE LISTING STANDARDS FOR AUDIT COMMITTEES
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35
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E
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PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES BY THE ISSUER AND AFFILIATED PURCHASERS
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35
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F
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CHANGES IN REGISTRANTS CERTIFYING ACCOUNTANT
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35
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G
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CORPORATE GOVERNANCE
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35
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PART III
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ITEM 17
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FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
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36
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MANAGEMENTS DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS
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65
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ITEM 18
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FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
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72
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ITEM 19
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EXHIBITS
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72
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SIGNATURES
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72
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-3-
PART I
Item 1. Identity of Directors, Senior Management and Advisers
Not Applicable
Item 2. Offer Statistics and Expected Timetable
Not Applicable
Item 3. Key Information
A.
Selected financial data.
The table below presents selected statement of operations and balance sheet data for Sharpe Resources Corporation as at and for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2011, 2010, 2009, 2008, and 2007 and include the accounts of the Company and its wholly owned US subsidiary Sharpe Energy Company. The financial statements of Sharpe Resources Corporation were prepared in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) and Interpretations of the International Financial Reporting Interpretations Committee (IFRIC), effective for the Companys reporting for the year ended December 31, 2011. These are the Companys first annual consolidated financial statements prepared in accordance with (IFRS). Previously, the Company prepared its financial statements in accordance with Canadian Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (Canadian GAAP). The disclosures required by the provisions of IFRS 1, First-time adoption of International Financial Reporting Standards, explaining how the transition to IFRS has affected the reported financial performance, cash flows and financial position of the Company, are presented in Note 16 of the audited Consolidated Financial Statements Years Ended December 31, 2011 and December 31, 2010.
Sharpe Resources Corporation
Consolidated Financial Statement Data
For the Years Ended December 31
(Expressed in US Currency)
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2011
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2010
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2009
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2008
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2007
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Selected Operating Data
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Revenue
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$133,368
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$4,319
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$30,663
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$43,039
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$10,808
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Operating costs
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(79,305
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(161)
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(533)
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(1,824)
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(26,210)
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Expenses
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(147,353)
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(132,363)
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(144,033)
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(362,710)
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(240,425)
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Impairment of due from related party
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0
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(269,500)
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0
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0
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0
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Net Income (Loss) for the period
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(93,290)
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(397,705)
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(113,903)
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(321,495)
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(255,827)
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Earnings (Loss) per share basic
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($0.00)
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($0.01)
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($0.00)
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($0.01)
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($0.01)
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Earnings (Loss) per share diluted
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($0.00)
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($0.01)
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($0.00)
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($0.01)
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($0.01)
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-4-
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2011
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2010
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2009
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2008
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2007
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Selected Balance Sheet Data
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Cash and cash equivalents
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$7,420
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$8,519
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89,138
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$239,155
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$292,434
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Total assets
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30,337
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8,519
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339,138
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493,260
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554,548
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Other Liabilities
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563,818
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563,818
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563,818
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563,818
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563,818
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Share capital
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(11,525,080)
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(11,463,430)
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(11,463,430)
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(11,463,430)
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(11,463,430)
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Deficit
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(12,947,254)
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(12,853,964)
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(12,456,259)
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(12,342,356)
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(12,020,861)
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Currency Exchange Rates
Except where otherwise indicated, all dollar figures in this annual report on Form 20-F, including the financial statements, refer to United States currency. The following table sets forth, for the periods indicated, certain exchange rates certified by the Federal Reserve Bank of New York for customs purposes as required by section 522 of the amended Tariff Act of 1930. These rates are also those required by the SEC for the integrated disclosure system for foreign private issuers. The information is based on data collected by the Federal Reserve Bank of New York from a sample of market participants. The data are noon buying rates in New York for cable transfers payable in foreign currencies and represent the number of Canadian dollars per one US dollar.
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2012
1
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2011
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2010
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2009
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2008
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2007
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High for the Period
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1.0272
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1.0605
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1.0776
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1.2995
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1.2971
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1.1852
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Low for the Period
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0.9848
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0.9448
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0.9960
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1.0289
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0.9717
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0.9168
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Average for the Period
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1.0003
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0.9887
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1.0298
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1.1412
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1.0660
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1.0734
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Rate at the end of the Period
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0.9978
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1.0168
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1.0009
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1.0461
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1.2240
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0.9881
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1
Based on the period beginning 1/1/12 and ending on 4/13/12.
-5-
B.
Capitalization and indebtedness.
Not Applicable
C.
Reasons for the offer and use of proceeds.
Not Applicable
D.
Risk factors.
The operations of the Company involve a number of substantial risks and an investment in the securities of the Company is highly speculative in nature. The following risk factors should be considered:
History of Losses; No Assurance of Profitability
The net loss for the year ending December 31, 2011 was $93,290 as compared to $397,705 for the year ending December 31, 2010 a decrease of $304,415.
The net loss for the year ending December 31, 2010 was $397,705 as compared to $113,903 for the year ending December 31, 2009 an increase of $283,802.
The net loss for the year ending December 31, 2009 was $113,903 as compared to $321,495 for the year ending December 31, 2008 a decrease of $207,592.
The net loss for the year ending December 31, 2008 was $321,495 as compared to $255,827 for the year ending December 31, 2007 an increase of $65,668.
The net loss for the year ending December 31, 2007 was $ 255,827as compared to the net loss of $344,752 for the year ending December 31, 2006 a decrease of $88,925.
-6-
The Company has accumulated losses of US $12,947,254 since inception.
Extreme Volatility of Coal and Gas Prices
Sharpe's revenues have been dependent upon prevailing prices for coal and gas. Coal and gas prices can be extremely volatile and are affected by the action of foreign governments and international cartels.
In addition, the marketability and profitability of coal and natural gas acquired or discovered is affected by numerous factors beyond the control of Sharpe. Any material decline in prices could result in a reduction of Sharpe's net production revenue. These factors include reservoir characteristics, market fluctuations, the proximity and capacity of oil and natural gas pipelines and processing equipment and government regulation.
Highly Competitive Industry
The coal and natural gas industry is competitive in all its phases. Sharpe competes with numerous other participants in the search for, and the acquisition of, coal and natural gas properties and in the marketing of coal and natural gas. Sharpe's competitors include coal companies, which have far greater financial and other resources, staff and facilities than those of Sharpe. Competitive factors in the distribution and marketing of coal and natural gas include price, methods of delivery and reliability of delivery.
No Assurance of Discoveries or Acquisitions
Coal and natural gas acquisition, exploration and development involve many risks, which even a combination of experience, knowledge and careful evaluation may not be able to overcome. There is no assurance that commercial quantities of coal or natural gas will be discovered or acquired by Sharpe.
Uncertainty of Warrant Exercises; Need for Additional Capital
There is no assurance that any of the outstanding share purchase warrants or options will be exercised. Even if all of the outstanding share purchase warrants and options are exercised, Sharpe may still require additional capital to conduct its acquisition, exploration and development activities.
Effect of Outstanding Warrants and Options; Negative Effect of Substantial Sales
As of December 31, 2011, the Company had outstanding options to purchase an aggregate of 3,100,000 Common Shares. The exercise prices of the outstanding options are Cdn. $0.10. The expiration dates of the outstanding options range from May 15, 2012 to May 8, 2013. At December 31, 2011 the Company had no warrants outstanding. All of the foregoing securities represent the right to acquire Common Shares of the Company during various periods of time and at various prices. Holders of these securities are given the opportunity to profit from a rise in the market price of the Common Shares and are likely to exercise its securities at a time when the Company would be able to obtain additional equity capital on more favorable terms. Substantial sales of Common Shares pursuant to the exercise of such options and warrants could have a negative effect on the market price for the Common Shares.
No Dividends
The Company has not paid any dividends since its inception and does not anticipate paying dividends in the foreseeable future.
-7-
Regulation
The Companys coal and gas exploration, production and related operations are subject to extensive rules and regulations promulgated by federal, state and local agencies. Failure to comply with such rules and regulations can result in substantial penalties. The regulatory burden on the oil and gas industry increases the Companys cost of doing business and affects its profitability. Because such rules and regulations are frequently amended or reinterpreted, the Company is unable to predict the future cost or impact of complying with such laws.
The State of Texas and many other states require permits for drilling operations, drilling bonds and reports concerning operations and impose other requirements relating to the exploration and production of oil and gas. Such states also have statutes or regulations addressing conservation matters, including provisions for the unitization or pooling of oil and gas properties, the establishment of maximum rates of production from oil and gas wells and the regulation of spacing, plugging and abandonment of such wells. The statutes and regulations of certain states limit the rate at which oil and gas can be produced from the Companys properties.
Environmental Regulation
The oil and natural gas industry is subject to environmental regulation pursuant to local, state and federal legislation. Environmental legislation provides for restrictions and prohibitions on releases or emissions of various substances produced in association with certain oil and natural gas industry operations. In addition, legislation requires that well and facility sites are abandoned and reclaimed the satisfaction of state authorities and the landowner. A breach of such regulations and legislation may result in the imposition of fines, penalties, clean-up orders and can affect the location of wells and facilities and the extent to which oil and gas exploration and development is permitted. Non-compliance with these regulations and legislation can be sufficient cause for governmental authorities to withhold approval of drilling and/or operating permits. Sharpe is in material compliance with current environmental laws and regulations.
The Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA), also known as the Superfund law, imposes liability, without regard to fault or the legality of the original conduct, on certain classes of persons that are considered to have contributed to the release of a hazardous substance into the environment. These persons include the owner or operator of the disposal site or the site where the release occurred and companies that disposed or arranged for the disposal of hazardous substances found at the site. Persons who are responsible for releases of hazardous substances found at the site and persons who are or were responsible for releases of hazardous substances under CERCLA may be subject to joint and several liability for the costs of cleaning up the hazardous substances that have been released into the environment and for damages to natural resources, and it is not uncommon for neighboring landowners and other third parties to file claims for personal injury and property damage allegedly caused by the hazardous substances released into the environment. The Company is able to control directly the operation of only those wells with respect to which it acts as operator. Notwithstanding the Companys lack of control over wells operated by others, the failure of operator to comply with applicable environmental regulations may, in certain circumstances, be attributed to the Company. The Company has no material commitments for capital expenditures to comply with existing environmental requirements.
-8-
Risk Inherent to Sharpes Proposed Mining Activities
1.
Sharpe is engaged in the business of acquiring and exploring coal and other mineral properties in the hope of locating an economic deposit or deposits of minerals. The property interests of the Company are in the exploration stage only and are without a known body of commercial ore. There can be no assurance that the Company will generate any revenues or be profitable or that the Company will be successful in locating an economic deposit of minerals.
2.
There are a number of uncertainties inherent in any exploration and development program, including the location of economic coal deposits, the development of appropriate metallurgical processes, the receipt of necessary governmental permits, and the construction of mining and processing facilities. Substantial expenditures will be required to pursue such exploration and development activities. Assuming discovery of an economic ore body and depending on the type of mining operation involved, several years may elapse from the initial stages of development until commercial production is commenced. New mining operations frequently experience unexpected problems during the exploration and development stages and during the initial production phase. In addition, preliminary reserve estimates may prove inaccurate. Accordingly, there can be no assurance that the Companys current exploration and development programs will result in any commercial mining operations.
3.
The Company may become subject to liability for cave-ins and other hazards of mineral exploration against which it cannot insure or against which it may elect not to insure because of high premium costs or other reasons. Payment of such liabilities would reduce funds available for acquisition of mineral prospects or exploration and development and would have a material adverse effect on the financial position of the Company.
Title to Properties
The validity of unpatented mining claims on public lands, mineral leases and purchased mineral rights is often uncertain and may be contested and subject to title defects.
Conflict of Interest
Certain directors and officers of the Company are also directors and officers of other natural resource and base metal exploration and development companies. As a result, conflicts may arise between the obligations of these directors to the Company and to such other companies.
Dependence on Key Personnel
The Companys success will be dependent upon the services of its President and Chief Executive Officer, Mr. Roland Larsen.
Item 4. Information on the Company
A.
History and development of the company.
Sharpe Resources Corporation (the "Company" or "Sharpe") was incorporated under the Business Corporations Act (Ontario) on April 10, 1980 under the name
"Sharpe Energy & Resources Limited". By Articles of Amendment dated November 2, 1984, the Company amended its authorized capital to consist of an unlimited number of common shares and removed restrictions on the issue, transfer or ownership of such shares. By Articles of Amendment dated July 29, 1996, the Company changed its name to Sharpe Resources Corporation.
Sharpe entered the oil and gas business in the United States in early 1994. In 1995, it acquired working and net revenue interests in over 400 oil and gas wells on 250 properties in 11 states and the WestThrifty waterflood project in Texas. These assets were acquired from the oil and gas division of Figgie International Inc. and were located primarily in the Rocky Mountain and Southwestern United States regions. In 1996, Sharpe sold almost all of its Rocky Mountain interests. In early 1997, Sharpe acquired interests in the Matagorda offshore project.
-9-
In 2001, the Company sold all of its offshore, Gulf of Mexico natural gas production and several non-operated onshore
petroleum and natural gas properties. In 2002 the Company focused its efforts on its remaining properties in Texas. In 2003, the Company sold 32% of its interest in the West Thrifty Unit Texas properties. The purchaser also took over operations on the properties.
In June, 2005, the company sold its remaining 62% revenue and working interests in the West Thrifty Unit located in Brown County, Texas.
As of May 15, 2006, the Corporation changed its focus away from the Texas oil and gas business to exploration and development for mineral resources and oil and gas in the western US and a focus on coal, coal bed methane and shale gas projects in the northeastern US.
B.
Business overview.
In May 2006, the Corporation changed its focus away from Texas based oil and gas business to coal, coal bed methane and shale gas projects in the northeastern US. The Company had been a resource company engaged in oil and gas exploration, and production in the United States since the early 1990s. This effort included the acquisition, exploration and development of oil and gas properties in the United States.
C.
Organizational structure.
The Company has one wholly owned subsidiary, Sharpe Energy Company, which is incorporated pursuant to the laws of the State of Virginia. The Company's operations in Canada consist of general and administrative expenses necessary to the maintaining of the Company's public company status.
The terms "Sharpe" or the "Company", as used in this annual report on Form 20-F, refers to Sharpe or the Company and its wholly owned subsidiaries collectively.
D.
Property, plants and equipment.
The registered office of Sharpe Resources Corporation is located at 360 Bay Street, Suite 500, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, M5H 2V6. The principal US office is located at 3258 Mob Neck Road, Heathsville, Virginia 22473.
Item 5. Operating and Financial Review and Prospects
A.
Operating results.
Year Ended December 31, 2011 Compared to the Year Ended December 31, 2010
The net loss for the year ending December 31, 2011 was $93,290 as compared to the net loss of $397,705 for the year ended December 31, 2010. Revenue for the year ending December 31, 2011 was $133,368 compared to $4,319 for the year ended December 31, 2010. This increase in revenue was primarily the result of a one-time disbursement of oil sales totaling $101,553that had been held in suspense since 2001. In addition, a one-time pooling bonus was received in the amount of $16,650.
-10-
Total expenses increased from $132,524 for the year ended December 31, 2010 to $226,658 for the year ending December 31, 2011. The increase is the result of an increase in operating expenses from $161 for the year ended December 31, 2010 to $79,305 for the year ending December 31, 2011. This increase is a direct result of operating expenses since 2001 held in suspense and netted against the one-time revenue disbursement. In addition, general and administrative expenses increased from $107,778 for the year ended December 31, 2010 to $123,364 for the year ending December 31, 2011.
The Company entered into an option agreement whereby it agreed to an option for Royal Standard Minerals Inc. (RSM) to acquire a 50% interest in coal properties in eastern Kentucky by advancing to the project $2,000,000 prior to December 9, 2009. Once the option was exercised by RSM a 50/50 joint venture agreement was to be entered into by the parties. On September 11, 2009, RSM obtained an extension of the option and joint venture agreement it had with the Company. The extension allows RSM to incur expenditures of $2,000,000 under the agreement up to December 9, 2011. Once the option is exercised by RSM a formal 50/50 joint venture agreement will be entered into by the parties.
Year Ended December 31, 2010 Compared to the Year Ended December 31, 2009
The net loss for the year ending December 31, 2010 was $397,705 as compared to the net loss of $113,903 for the year ending December 31, 2009 and is a direct result of an impairment loss on the loan receivable from Standard Energy Company due to the uncertainty with respect to collection.
Revenue decreased from $30,663 for the year ending December 31, 2009 to $4,319 for the year ending December 31, 2010 and represents interest income and various small override interests in petroleum and natural gas properties.
On December 1, 2007, the Corporation entered into an agreement to acquire a 100% interest in Standard Energy Corporation (Standard). Standard is a private company related by virtue of its ownership by an officer and director of the Company. Standard's primary asset includes 100% ownership interest in all of the coal seams on more than 17,000 acres in Preston County, West Virginia. The purchase price consisted of the forgiveness of the repayment of $250,000 demand promissory note owing from Standard to the Company and the issuance of 2 million shares of the Companys common stock. The agreement was subject to regulatory approvals and as of December 31, 2009, the business combination has not been approved. The 2 million shares of the Companys common stock were not issued as of December 31, 2009. Subsequent to the 2009 year end, this transaction was terminated and the receivable due from Standard Energy Company in the amount of two hundred and fifty thousand dollars was written off as uncollectible.
The Company has entered into an option agreement whereby it agreed to an option for RSM to acquire a 50% interest in coal properties in eastern Kentucky by advancing to the project $2 million prior to December 9, 2009. Once the option is exercised by RSM a 50/50 joint venture agreement will be entered into by the parties. The optionee of the agreement is RSM which is related to the Company due to the fact that they have common management and directors. On September 11, 2009, RSM obtained an extension of the option and joint venture agreement it has with the Company. The extension allows RSM to incur expenditures of $2,000,000 under the agreement up to December 9, 2011. Once the option is exercised by RSM a formal 50/50 joint venture agreement will be entered into by the parties.
-11-
Year Ended December 31, 2009 Compared to the Year Ended December 31, 2008
The net loss for the year ending December 31, 2009 was $113,903 as compared to the net loss of $321,495 for the year ending December 31, 2008 a decrease of $207,592 and is primarily due to the decrease in Stock option compensation from $188,873 for the year ending December 31, 2008 to zero in 2009. General and Administrative expenses also decreased by $31,249.
Revenue decreased from $43,039 for the year ending December 31, 2008 to $30,663 for the year ending December 31, 2009 and represents interest income and various small override interests in petroleum and natural gas properties.
On December 1, 2007, the Corporation entered into an agreement to acquire a 100% interest in Standard Energy Corporation (Standard). Standard is a private company related by virtue of its ownership by an officer and director of the Company. The purchase price consisted of the forgiveness of the repayment of $250,000 demand promissory note owing from Standard to the Company and the issuance of 2 million shares of the Companys common stock. The agreement was subject to regulatory approvals and as of December 31, 2009, the business combination has not been approved. The 2 million shares of the Companys common stock were not issued as of December 31, 2009. Subsequent to the 2009 year end, this transaction was terminated.
The Company has entered into an option agreement whereby it agreed to an option for RSM to acquire a 50% interest in coal properties in eastern Kentucky by advancing to the project $2 million prior to December 9, 2009. Once the option is exercised by RSM a 50/50 joint venture agreement will be entered into by the parties. The optionee of the agreement is RSM which is related to the Company due to the fact that they have common management and directors. On September 11, 2009, RSM obtained an extension of the option and joint venture agreement it has with the Company. The extension allows RSM to incur expenditures of $2,000,000 under the agreement up to December 9, 2011.
B.
Liquidity and capital resources.
Year Ended December 31, 2011 Compared to the Year Ended December 31, 2010
The Companys total assets at December 31, 2011 were $30,337 compared to $8,519 at December 31, 2010. The Company funded its operations for the year ending December 31, 2011 through the use of existing cash reserves and the one-time disbursement of oil sales. The Company does not have sufficient cash reserves to fund its administrative costs for the following 12 months and to make inroads on its liabilities to trade creditors and debt holders. Management is actively involved in seeking new equity financing to enable it to service the Company's existing liabilities and its ongoing administrative costs. There can be no assurance that the Company will be successful in these initiatives.
Total liabilities increased $53,458 in the year ending December 31, 2011 going from $943,718 at December 31, 2010 to $997,176 at December 31, 2011 and are the direct result of an increase in accounts payable.
Year Ended December 31, 2010 Compared to the Year Ended December 31, 2009
The Corporations cash balance at December 31, 2010 was $8,519 compared to $89,138 at December 31, 2009. Total assets at December 31, 2010 were $8,519 compared to $339,138 at December 31, 2009.
Total liabilities increased $67,086 in the year of 2010 going from $876,632 at December 31, 2009 to $943,718 at December 31, 2010. The increase is the direct result of an increase in accounts payable.
Year Ended December 31, 2009 Compared to the Year Ended December 31, 2008
The Corporations cash balance at December 31, 2009 was $89,138 compared to $239,155 at December 31, 2008. Total assets at December 31, 2009 were $339,138 compared to $493,260 at December 31, 2008.
Total liabilities decreased from $916,851 at December 31, 2008 to $876,632 at December 31, 2009 a decrease of $40,219. Accounts payable decreased from $192,327 at December 31, 2008 to $175,760 at December 31, 2009. The Current portion of due to related parties decreased from $74,708 at December 31, 2008 to $25,400 at December 31, 2009.
-12-
C.
Research and development, patents and licenses, etc.
See Item 4. D. above.
D.
Trend information.
See Items 3. D. and 4. D. above.
E.
Off-balance sheet arrangements.
There are no off-balance sheet arrangements.
F.
Tabular disclosure of contractual obligations.
|
|
|
|
|
|
Contractual Obligations
|
|
Payments by Period
|
|
Total
|
Less than 1 Year
|
1-3 Years
|
4-5 Years
|
After 5 Years
|
Long Term Debt
|
$111,654
*
|
$111,654
|
$0
|
|
|
*
See item (iv) in Note 10 of the audited Consolidated Financial Statements Years Ended December 31, 2011 and December 31, 2010 of the Company.
G.
Safe Harbor
Not applicable
-13-
Item 6. Directors, Senior Management and Employees
A.
Directors and senior management.
The following table sets out the names of and related information concerning each of the officers and directors of Sharpe Resources.
|
|
|
NAME
|
OFFICE HELD
|
SINCE
|
|
|
|
Roland M. Larsen
Richmond,Virginia
|
President, Chief Executive Officer and Director
|
1993
|
|
|
|
Kimberley Koerner
1
Brambleton, Virginia
|
Treasurer and Director
|
2002
|
|
|
|
Troy Koerner
Brambleton, Virginia
|
Director
|
2002
|
1.
Kimberly Koerner is the daughter of Roland Larsen and the wife of Troy Koerner.
The following discussion provides information on the principal occupations of the above-named directors and executive officers of the Company within the preceding five years.
Roland M. Larsen
Mr. Roland M. Larsen, President
,
has more than 30 years of experience in the natural resources, both in exploration and management roles. Earlier in his career, he worked with BHP Minerals International, Inc. for a period of ten years, where he was the Exploration Manager for the Eastern United States and the North Atlantic Region. Prior to that he was the Senior Geologist for NL Industries, Inc. and NL Baroid Petroleum Services. In addition, he has several years of experience working with consulting engineering firms including Derry, Michner and Booth, and Watts Griffis & McOuat Limited. He is a member of the Society of Economic Geologists, the American Institute of Professional Geologists, and the American Institute of Mining, Metallurgy, and Exploration, Inc. Mr. Larsen holds a B.Sc. and M.Sc. degrees in geology.
Kimberly Koerner
Ms. Koerner is a consulting financial analyst from northern Virginia. Since graduating with a B. A. in Business Administration from the University of South Carolina - Columbia in 1991, she has been employed with NPES of Reston, Virginia and Sharpe Energy Company of Houston, Texas
Troy Koerner
Mr. Koerner has been an analyst with E-Trade Advisory Services Inc. since August, 2002. From November 2000 to April 2002, Mr. Koerner served as an Equity Analyst with Lehman Brothers Inc. Prior to joining Lehman Brothers, he was in the Global Credit department of JP Morgan Company, Inc.
-14-
B.
Compensation.
Compensation of Officers
The following table summarizes, for the three most recently completed financial years of the Corporation, information concerning the compensation earned by the Chief Executive Officer of the Corporation, the Chief Financial Officer of the Corporation, each the Corporations three most highly compensated executive officers of the Corporation who was serving as an executive officer as at the end of the most recently completed financial year or who was not serving as an officer of the Corporation at the end of the most recently completed financial year-end, and whose aggregate compensation exceeded $150,000, (the Named Executive Officer).
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Name and Principal Position
|
Year
|
|
Non-equity incentive plan compensation
($)
|
|
Salary
($)
|
Share-based awards
($)
|
Option-based awards
($)
|
Annual Incentive Plans
|
Long-term incentive plans
|
Pension value
($)
|
All other compensation
($)
|
Total Compensation
($)
|
Roland Larsen
President
|
2011
|
Nil
|
Nil
|
Nil
|
Nil
|
Nil
|
Nil
|
Nil
|
Nil
|
2010
|
Nil
|
Nil
|
Nil
|
Nil
|
Nil
|
Nil
|
Nil
|
Nil
|
2009
|
Nil
|
Nil
|
Nil
|
Nil
|
Nil
|
Nil
|
Nil
|
Nil
|
No options were exercised by the Named Executive Officer during the twelve months ended December 31, 2011.
Long-Term Incentive Plan
The Company does not have a Long-Term Incentive Plan for the Named Executive Officers, other than stock options granted from time to time by the board of directors under provisions of the stock option plan.
Stock Option Plan
The purpose of this plan (the Plan) is to develop the interest of bona fide Officers, Directors, Employees, Management Corporation Employees, and Consultants of Sharpe Resources Corporation and its subsidiaries (collectively, the Company) in the growth and development of the Company by providing them with the opportunity through stock options to acquire an increased proprietary interest in the Company.
The Plan is administered by the Board of Directors of the Company, or if appointed, by a special committee of Directors appointed from time to time by the Board of Directors of the Company (such committee, or if no such committee is appointed, the Board of Directors of the Company, is hereinafter referred to as the Committee) pursuant to rules of procedure fixed by the Board of Directors.
The Committee may from time to time designate bona fide Directors, Officers, Employees, Management Corporation Employees and Consultants of theCompany (or in each case their personal holding companies) (collectively, the Optionees), to whom options (Options) to purchase common shares (Common Shares) of the Company may be granted, and the number of Common Shares to be optioned to each, provided that:
(a)
the total number of Common Shares issuable pursuant to the Plan shall not exceed 10% of the issued and outstanding Common Shares, subject to adjustment as set forth in section 10 hereof, and further subject to the applicable rules and regulations of all regulatory authorities.
(b)
the number of Common Shares reserved for issuance, within a one-year period, to any one Optionee shall not exceed 5% of the Outstanding Common Shares;
(c)
the number of Common Shares reserved for issuance, within a one-year period, to any one Consultant of the Company may not exceed 2% of the Outstanding Common Shares;
-15-
(d)
the aggregate number of Common Shares reserved for issuance, within a one-year period, to Employees or Consultants conducting Investor Relations Activities may not exceed 2% of the Outstanding Common Shares; and
In the case of Options granted to Employees, Consultants, or Management Corporation Employees, the Company represents that the Optionee is a bona fide Employee, Consultant or Management Corporation Employee, as the case may be.
Outstanding Share-based awards and option based awards
The following table sets out information concerning all awards outstanding at the end of the most recently completed financial year. This includes unexercised options held by the Named Executive Officers during 2011 and the value of unexercised options held by the Named Executive Officers as at December 31, 2011. The Company does not have a share-based plan.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Option-based Awards
|
Share-based Awards
|
Name
|
Number of securities underlying unexercised options
(#)
|
Option exercise price
($)
|
Option expiration date
|
Value of unexercised in-the-money options
($)
|
Number of shares or unites of shares that have not vested(#)
|
Market or payout value of share-based awards that have not vested
($)
|
Roland M. Larsen
|
500,000
1,000,000
|
$0.10
$0.10
|
May 08, 2013
May 15, 2012
|
Nil
Nil
|
N/A
|
N/A
|
Incentive plan awards value vested or earned during the year
The following table provides information regarding value vested or earned through incentive plan awards by the Named Executive Officers during the year ended December 31, 2011.
|
|
|
|
Name
|
Option-based awards- Value vested during the year
($)
|
Share-based awards - Value vested during the year
($)
|
Non-equity incentive plan compensation - Value earned during the year
($)
|
Roland Larsen
|
Nil
|
Nil
|
Nil
|
The Company has no pension plan.
-16-
Termination and change of control benefits
There are no employment contracts between either the Company or its subsidiaries and the above-named executive officers other than disclosed herein or in the financial statements attached hereto.
Neither the Company or any of its subsidiaries has any plan or arrangement with respect to compensation to its executive officers which would result from the resignation, retirement or any other termination of employment of the executive officers employment with the Company and its subsidiaries or from a change of control of the Company or any subsidiary of the Company or a change in the executive officers responsibilities following a change in control, where in respect of an Executive Officer the value of such compensation exceeds $150,000.
Compensation of Directors
The Directors have no standard compensation arrangements, or any other arrangements, with the Company, except as herein disclosed. The Directors had no other arrangements with the Company where they were compensated for services as consultants or experts by the Company or its subsidiaries during the financial year ended December 31, 2011. Executive Officers of the Company who also act as Directors of the Company do not receive any additional compensation for services rendered in such capacity, other than as paid by the Company to such Executive Officers in their capacity as Executive Officers. See Summary of Compensation above.
The following table provides details with respect to compensation paid to, or earned by the Directors of the Company who were not Named Executive Officers as at December 31, 2011:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Name and Principal Position
|
Year
|
Fees
($)
|
Share-based awards
($)
|
Option-based awards
($)
|
Annual Incentive Plans
Long-term incentive plans
|
Pension value
($)
|
All other compensation
($)
|
Total Compensation
($)
|
Kimberly Koerner
Director/Treasurer
|
2011
2010
2009
|
Nil
Nil
Nil
|
Nil
Nil
Nil
|
Nil
Nil
Nil
|
Nil
Nil
Nil
|
Nil
Nil
Nil
|
Nil
Nil
Nil
|
Nil
Nil
Nil
|
Troy Koerner
Director
|
2011
2010
2009
|
Nil
Nil
Nil
|
Nil
Nil
Nil
|
Nil
Nil
Nil
|
Nil
Nil
Nil
|
Nil
Nil
Nil
|
Nil
Nil
Nil
|
Nil
Nil
Nil
|
Outstanding Option-Based Awards - Directors
The following table sets out information concerning all awards outstanding at the end of the most recently completed financial year. This includes unexercised options held by the Directors during 2011 and the value of unexercised options held by the Directors who were not Named Executive Officers as at December 31, 2011. The Company does not have a share-based plan.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Optionbased Awards
|
Share based Awards
|
Name
|
Number of securities underlying unexercised options
(#)
|
Option exercise price
($)
|
Option expiration date
|
Value of unexercised in-the-money options
($)
|
Number of shares or unites of shares that have not vested(#)
|
Market or payout value of share-based awards that have not vested
($)
|
Kimberly Koerner
|
500,000
600,000
|
$0.10
$0.10
|
May 08, 2013
May 15, 2012
|
Nil
Nil
|
N/A
|
N/A
|
Troy Koerner
|
500,000
|
$0.10
|
May 08, 2013
|
Nil
|
N/A
|
N/A
|
Incentive plan awards value vested or earned during the year
The following table provides information regarding value vested or earned through incentive plan awards by the Named Executive Officers during the year ended December 31, 2011.
|
|
|
|
Name
|
Option-based awards- Value vested during the year
($)
|
Share-based awards Value vested during the year
($)
|
Non-equity incentive plan compensation Value earned during the year
($)
|
Kimberly Koerner
|
Nil
|
Nil
|
Nil
|
Troy Koerner
|
Nil
|
Nil
|
Nil
|
Other Compensation
Other than as set forth herein, the Company did not pay any other compensation to the Executive Officers or directors (including personal benefits and securities or properties paid or distributed which compensation was not offered on the same terms to all full time employees) during the financial year ended December 31, 2011.
-17-
Equity Compensation Plan Information
|
|
|
|
Plan Category
|
Number of securities to be issued upon exercise of outstanding options, warrants and rights
(#)
|
Weighted-average exercise price of outstanding options, warrants and rights
($)
|
Number of securities remaining available for future issuance under equity compensation plans (excluding securities reflected in column (a)
|
Equity compensation plans approved by security holders
|
3,100,000
|
$0.10
|
1,761,986
|
Equity compensation plans not approved by security holders
|
Nil
|
Nil
|
Nil
|
Total
|
3,100,000
|
$0.10
|
1,761,968
|
The only compensation plan under which equity securities of the Company are authorized for issuance is the Stock Option Plan.
Compensation Policy
The executive compensation policy of the Company is determined with a view to securing the best possible talent to run the Company. Executives expect to reap additional income from the appreciation in the value of the Common Shares they hold in the Company, including stock options.
Salaries are commensurate with those in the industry with additional options awarded to executive officers in lieu of higher salaries. Bonuses may be paid in the future for significant and specific achievements, which have a strategic impact on the fortunes of the Company. Salaries and bonuses are determined on a judgmental basis after review by the board of directors of the contribution of each individual, including the executive officers of the Company. Although they may be members of the board of directors, the executive officers do not individually make any decisions with respect to their respective salary or bonus. In certain cases, bonuses of certain individuals, other than the executive officers, may be tied to specific criteria put in place at the time of engagement.
The grant of stock options under the Companys Stock Option Plan is designed to give each option holder an interest in preserving and maximizing shareholder value in the longer term and to reward employees for both past and future performance. Individual grants are determined by an assessment of an individual's current and expected future performance, level of responsibilities and the importance of his/her position with and contribution to the Company.
-18-
C.
Board practices.
Responsibilities of the Board of Directors
The Board recognizes it is responsible for the stewardship of the business and affairs of the Company and has adopted a set of principles and practices setting out its stewardship responsibilities. Under its mandate, the Board seeks to discharge such responsibility by reviewing, discussing and approving the Companys strategic planning and organizational structure, and supervising management to ensure that the foregoing enhance and preserve the underlying value of the Company for the benefit of all shareholders. As part of the strategic planning process, the Board contributes to the development of a strategic direction for the Company by reviewing, on an annual basis, the Companys principal opportunities, the processes that are in place to identify such opportunities and the full range of business risks facing the Company, including strategic, financial, operational, leadership, partnership and reputation risks. On an ongoing basis, the Board also reviews with management how the strategic environment is changing, what key business risks and opportunities are appearing and how they are managed, including the implementation of appropriate systems to manage these risks and opportunities. The performance of management, including the Companys Chief Executive Officer, is also supervised to ensure that the affairs of the Company are conducted in an ethical manner. The Board, directly and through its committees, ensures that the Company puts in place, and reviews at least on an annual basis, comprehensive communication policies to address how the Company (i) interacts with analysts, investors, other key stakeholders and the public, and (ii) complies with its continuous and timely disclosure obligations. Finally, the Board monitors the integrity of corporate internal control procedures and management information systems to manage such risks and ensure that the value of the underlying asset base is not eroded.
The Board from time to time delegates to senior executives the authority to enter into certain types of transactions, including financial transactions, subject to specified limits. According to the Companys policy, investments and other similar expenditures above the specified limits, including major capital projects as well as material transactions outside the ordinary course of business, whether on or off balance sheet, are reviewed by, and subject to, the prior approval of the Board.
CORPORATE GOVERNANCE
Following are the principles of the Companys corporate governance arrangements:
·
Subject to the relatively small size of the Company and to business needs, the size of the Board must be kept to a sufficiently low number to facilitate open and effective dialogue and full participation and contribution of each Director.
·
The Board must function as a cohesive team, with shared responsibilities and accountabilities that are clearly defined, understood and respected.
-19-
·
The Board must have the ability to exercise all its supervisory responsibilities independent of any influence by management.
·
The Board must have access to all the information needed to carry out its full responsibilities. Information must be available in a timely manner and in a format conducive to effective decision making.
·
The Board must develop, implement, and measure effective corporate governance practices, processes and procedures.
Election of Directors and Officers
The Company's articles provide for a minimum of three and a maximum of seven directors, to be elected yearly and to hold office until the next annual meeting of shareholders of the Company or until their successors are duly elected or appointed. The whole board is elected at each annual meeting, and all
directors then in office must retire, but, if qualified, are eligible for re-election. If an election of directors is not held at the proper time, the directors continue in office until their successors are elected or appointed. Each officer continues to hold office until the appointment of officers at the first meeting of the board of directors after the election of directors and, in default of the appointment of officers at such meeting, continues to hold office after such meeting. In the absence of written agreements to the contrary, the board may remove at its pleasure any officer of the Company.
Committees of the Board
There are currently two committees of the board of directors. The board does not have, nor does it currently intend to form, a nominating committee. It is the view of the board of directors that its current size (three) is small enough to make such additional committees counter productive. In addition to regularly scheduled meetings of the board, its members are in continuous contact with one another and with the members of senior management. If the size of the board were to be enlarged or if the Company were to undergo a substantial change in its business and operations, consideration would at that point be given to the formation of additional committees, including a nominating committee.
AUDIT COMMITTEE
The charter of the Corporations audit committee charter is as follows:
1. Establishment of Audit Committee:
The board of directors of the Corporation hereby establishes a committee to be called the Audit Committee. The Audit Committee is appointed by the Board of Directors to assist the Board in fulfilling its oversight responsibilities. The Audit Committees primary duties and responsibilities are to:
a)
Identify and monitor the management of the principal risks that could impact the financial reporting of the Corporation;
b)
Monitor the integrity of the Corporations financial reporting process and system of internal controls regarding financial reporting and accounting compliance;
c)
Monitor the independence and performance of the Corporations external auditors;
d)
Provide an avenue of communication among the external auditors, management and the Board of Directors.
The Audit Committee has the authority to conduct any investigation appropriate to fulfilling its responsibilities, and it has direct access to the external auditors as well as anyone in the organization. The Audit Committee has the ability to retain, at the Corporations expense, special legal, accounting, or other consultants or experts it deems necessary in the performance of its duties.
-20-
1.
Membership:
The Audit Committee will be comprised of three or more directors as determined by the Board and the make-up of which shall satisfy applicable independence requirements of applicable securities regulatory authorities. Members shall be appointed annually from among the members of the Board of Directors. The Chair of the Audit Committee shall be appointed by the board of directors. All members of the Audit Committee shall be financially literate. An Audit Committee member who is not financially literate may be appointed to the Audit Committee provided that the member becomes financially literate within a reasonable period of time. The following board members have been appointed to serve on the Audit Committee as follows:
2.
|
Kimberly L. Koerner (Chair)
|
Roland Larsen
|
Troy Koerner
|
3.
The role of the Audit Committee is to provide oversight, and, in such a role, it has the powers set forth in this Charter. While being financially literate, the members of the Committee are generally not accountants or auditors by profession or experts in the fields of accounting or auditing and, in any event, do not serve in such capacity. Consequently, it is not the duty of the Audit Committee to plan or conduct audits or to determine that the Companys financial statements are complete and accurate or are prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. Nor is it the duty of the Audit Committee to conduct investigations and to assure compliance with any laws and regulations and the Company's business conduct guidelines. These matters are the responsibility of management and, in certain cases, the external auditor.
4.
Mandate:
The Audit Committee shall, in addition to any other duties and responsibilities specifically assigned or delegated to it from time to time by the board of directors:
a) Meet with the independent external auditors (the auditors) and the senior management of the Corporation to review the year-end audited financial statements of the Corporation which require approval by the board of directors, prior to the issuance of any press release in respect thereof;
b) Review with senior management and, if necessary, the auditors, the interim financial statements of the Corporation prior to the issuance of any press release in respect thereof;
c) Review the MD&A and press releases containing financial results of the Corporation;
d) Review all prospectuses, material change reports and annual information forms;
e) Review the audit plans and the independence of the auditors;
f) Meet with the auditors independently of management;
g) In consultation with senior management, review annually and recommend for approval by the board of directors:
(i) the appointment of auditors at the annual general meeting of shareholders of the Corporation;
(ii) the remuneration of the auditors; and
(iii) pre-approve all non audit services to be provided to the Corporation by the external auditor;
h) review with the auditors:
(i) the scope of the audit;
(ii) significant changes in the Corporation's accounting principles, practices or policies; and
(iii) new developments in accounting principles, reporting matters or industry practices which may materially affect the financial statements of the Corporation;
i) review with the auditors and senior management the results of the annual audit, and make appropriate recommendations to the board of directors, having regard to, among other things:
(i) the financial statements;
(ii) management's discussion and analysis and related financial disclosure contained in continuous disclosure documents;
(iii) significant changes, if any, to the initial audit plan;
(iv) accounting and reporting decisions relating to significant current year events and transactions;
(v) the audit findings report and management letter, if any, outlining the auditors' findings and recommendations, together with management's response, with respect to internal controls and accounting procedures; and
(vi) any other matters relating to the conduct of the audit, including the review and opportunity to provide comments in respect of any press releases announcing year end financial results prior to issue and such other matters which should be communicated to the Audit Committee under generally accepted auditing standards;
j) Review with the auditors the adequacy of management's internal control procedures and management information systems and inquiring of management and the auditors about significant risks and exposures to the Corporation that may have a material adverse impact on the Corporation's financial statements, and inquiring of the auditors as to the efforts of management to mitigate such risks and exposures;
k) Monitor policies and procedures for reviewing directors' and officers' expenses and perquisites, and inquire about the results of such reviews;
l) Review and approve written risk management policies and guidelines including the effectiveness of the overall process for identifying the principal risks affecting financial reporting;
m) Review issues relating to legal, ethical and regulatory responsibilities to monitor management's efforts to ensure compliance Including any legal matters that could have a significant impact on the Corporations financial statements, the Corporations compliance with applicable laws and regulations and inquiries received from regulators of governmental agencies; and,
n) Establish procedures for:
a. the receipt, retention and treatment of complaints received by the issuer regarding accounting, internal accounting controls, or auditing matters; and
b. the confidential, anonymous submission by employees of the issuer of concerns regarding questionable accounting or auditing matters.
-21-
5.
Administrative Matters: The following general provisions shall have application to the Audit Committee:
a) A quorum of the Audit Committee shall be the attendance of two members thereof present in person or by telephone. No business may be transacted by the Audit Committee except at a meeting of its members at which a quorum of the Audit Committee is present or by a resolution in writing signed by all the members of the Audit Committee. Meetings of the Audit Committee shall be held at least annually and more often as the Chair of the Audit Committee may determine;
b) Any member of the Audit Committee may be removed or replaced at any time by resolution of the directors of the Corporation. A member of the Audit Committee shall ipso facto cease to be a member of the Audit Committee upon ceasing to be a director of the Corporation. The board of directors, upon recommendation of the Corporate Governance Committee, may fill vacancies on the Audit Committee by appointment from among its members. If and whenever a vacancy shall exist on the Audit Committee, the remaining members may exercise all its powers so long as a quorum remains. Subject to the foregoing, each member of the Audit Committee shall hold such office until the close of the annual general meeting of shareholders of the Corporation next following the date of appointment as a member of the Audit Committee or until a successor is duly appointed. Any member of the board of directors who has served as a member of the Audit Committee may be re-appointed as a member of the Audit Committee following the expiration of his term;
c) The Audit Committee may invite such officers, directors and employees of the Corporation as it may see fit from time to time to attend at meetings of the Audit Committee and to assist thereat in the discussion of matters being considered by the Audit Committee. The independent auditor of the Corporation is to appear before the Audit Committee when requested to do so by the Audit Committee;
d) The time at which and the place where the meetings of the Audit Committee shall be held, the calling of meetings and the procedure at such meetings shall be determined by the Audit Committee, having regard to the by-laws of the Corporation. A meeting of the Audit Committee may be held at any time without notice if all of the members are present or, if any members are absent, those absent have waived notice or otherwise signified their consent in writing to the meeting being held in their absence;
e) The Chair shall preside at all meetings of the Audit Committee and shall have a second and deciding vote in the event of a tie, provided that, in the event of a tie vote when only two members of the Audit Committee are present at a particular meeting, the matter shall be resolved by a future vote of members of the Audit Committee at which more than two members are present. In the absence of the Chair, the other members of the Audit Committee shall appoint one of their members to act as Chair for the particular meeting;
f) Notice of meetings of the Audit Committee may be given to the auditor of the Corporation and shall be given in respect of meetings relating to the annual audited financial statements. The auditor has the right to appear before and to be heard at any meeting of the Audit Committee. Upon the request of the auditor, the Chair of the Audit Committee shall convene a meeting of the Audit Committee to consider any matters which the auditor believes should be brought to the attention of the directors or shareholders of the Corporation;
g) The Audit Committee shall report to the directors of the Corporation on such matters and questions relating to the financial position of the Corporation or any affiliates of the Corporation as the directors of the Corporation may from time to time refer to the Audit Committee;
h) The members of the Audit Committee shall, for the purpose of performing their duties, have the right of inspecting all the books and records of the Corporation and its affiliates and of discussing such books and records in any matter relating to the financial position of the Corporation with the officers, employees and auditor of the Corporation and its affiliates;
i) Minutes of the Audit Committee will be recorded and maintained and the Chair of the Audit Committee will report to the board of directors on the activities of the Audit Committee and/or the minutes will promptly be circulated to the directors who are not members of the Audit Committee or otherwise made available at the next meeting of directors;
j) The Chair of each meeting of the Audit Committee shall appoint a person to act as recording secretary to keep the minutes of the meeting. The recording secretary need not be a member of the Audit Committee;
k) Unless the Audit Committee has been provided with express instructions from the board of directors, the Audit Committee shall function primarily to make assessments and determinations with respect to the purposes mandated herein and its decisions shall serve as recommendations for consideration by the board of directors.
l) The Audit Committee is a committee of the Board of Directors and is not and shall not be deemed to be an agent of the Companys shareholders for any purpose whatsoever. The Board of Directors may, from time to time, permit departures from the terms hereof, either prospectively or retrospectively, and no provision contained herein is intended to give rise to civil liability to shareholders of the Company or other liability whatsoever.
Corporate Governance Committee
The Corporate Governance Committee is responsible for the development, maintenance, and disclosure of the Companys corporate governance practices. The mandate of the committee includes:
·
developing criteria governing the size and overall composition of the Board;
·
conducting an annual review of the structure of the Board and its committees, as well as of the mandates of such committees;
·
recommending new nominees for the Board (in consultation with the Chairman and the Chief Executive Officer); and
·
recommending the compensation of directors
·
ensuring that the Companys policy on disclosure and insider trading, including communication to the different stakeholders about the Company and its subsidiaries, documents filed with securities regulators, written statements made in documents pertaining to the Companys continuous disclosure obligations, information contained on the Companys Web site and other electronic communications, relationships with investors, the media and analysts is timely, factual and accurate, and broadly disseminated in accordance with all applicable legal and regulatory requirements.
The committee also coordinates the annual evaluation of the Board, the committees of the Board and individual directors. All issues identified through this evaluation process are then discussed by the Corporate Governance Committee and are reported to the Board. Finally, it also has the responsibility for annually initiating a discussion at the Board level on the performance evaluation and remuneration of the President and Chief Executive Officer.
Conflicts of Interest
Some of the directors and officers of the Company also serve as directors and officers of other companies involved in the resource exploration sector. Consequently, there exists a possibility for any such officer or director to be placed in a position of conflict. Each such director or officer is subject to fiduciary duties and obligations to act honestly and in good faith with a view to the best interests of the Company.
Similar duties and obligations will apply to such other companies. Thus any future transaction between the Company and such other companies will be for bona fide business purposes and approved by a majority of disinterested directors of the Company.
-22-
D.
Employees.
Other than the officers and directors, the Company has no employees.
E.
Share ownership.
|
|
|
Name
|
Office Held
|
Number of Common Shares Beneficially Owned or Over Which Control is Exercised
1
|
Roland M. Larsen
Richmond, Virginia
|
President, CEO & Director
|
6,789,220
|
|
|
|
Kimberley Koerner
Brambleton, Virginia
|
Treasurer & Director
|
3,518,480
|
|
|
|
Troy Koerner
Brambleton, Virginia
|
Director
|
2,649,860
|
1. The information as to shares beneficially owned or over which control or direction is exercised, not being within the knowledge of the Company, has been furnished by the respective individuals.
Item 7. Major Shareholders and Related Party Transactions
A.
Major Shareholders
The following table shows as at December 31, 2011 each person who is known to the Company, or its directors and officers to beneficially own, directly or indirectly, or to exercise control or direction over securities carrying more than 10% of the voting rights attached to any class of outstanding voting securities of the Company entitled to be voted.
|
|
|
Name of Shareholder
|
Securities Owned, Controlled or Directed
|
Percentage of the Class of Outstanding Voting Securities of the Company
(1)
|
CDS & Co.
(2)
Toronto, Ontario
|
24,212,566
Common Shares
|
50.317%
|
Roland M. Larsen
Richmond, Virginia
|
6,789,220
Common Shares
|
14.109%
|
(1)
Based on 48,119,863 Common Shares issued and outstanding as at December 31, 2011.
(2)
This is a nominee account. To the knowledge of the Company, there is no beneficial ownership of these shares by this nominee. The shares are held by a number of securities dealers and other intermediaries holding shares on behalf of their clients who are the beneficial owners.
-23-
B.
Related party transactions.
Related parties include the Board of Directors, officers, close family members and enterprises that are controlled by these individuals as well as certain persons performing similar functions.
(a)
Sharpe entered into the following transactions with related parties:
For the Year ended December 31
|
|
|
|
2011
|
2010
|
Roland MD Larsen
1
|
$20,550
|
$0
|
(i)
500,000 shares were issued to the son of the Chief Executive Officer of the Company for employment services. They are valued at the fair market value of the shares on the date of issuance (Note 11(b)(i) of the audited Consolidated Financial Statements Years Ended December 31, 2011 and December 31, 2010).
(b) Balances with related parties are comprised of:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
December. 31, 2011
|
December 31, 2010
|
December 31, 2009
|
|
|
|
|
|
Due From Related Party
|
Standard Energy Company (i)
|
$0
|
$0
|
$250,000
|
|
|
$0
|
$0
|
$250,000
|
|
|
|
|
|
Due To Related Parties
|
Roland M. Larsen (ii)
|
$17,953
|
$25,400
|
$25,400
|
|
Royal Standard Minerals Inc. current portion (iii)
|
$111,654
|
$44,378
|
$0
|
|
Royal Standard Minerals Inc. long term portion (iii)
|
$0
|
$67,276
|
$111,654
|
|
|
$129,607
|
$137,054
|
$137,054
|
(i) The initial purpose of this transaction was to acquire an asset that Sharpe would become an interest holder in the project either in Standard Energy Company ("Standard") or a direct interest in the Kingwood Coal Project. Standard is related by virtue of its ownership by an officer and director of the Company. The loan receivable was unsecured, non-interest bearing and no date was set for its repayment. On December 1, 2007, Sharpe entered into an agreement to acquire a 100% interest in Standard Energy as described in Note 10(a) of the audited Consolidated Financial Statements as at December 31, 2010 and 2009 and for the first quarter ended March 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008 of the Company. This transaction was cancelled during the first quarter 2010 and the receivable was written off as uncollectible.
(ii) This loan is payable to an officer and director of the Company and was used to fund payables. It is unsecured, bearing interest at 8% and has no date set for repayment. The interest payable on this loan has been accrued but has not yet been paid.
(iii) Royal Standard Minerals Inc. ("RSM") was a related Company by virtue of common management and common directors. As of December 7, 2011 the Company ceased to be a related party, as Roland Larsen stepped down as President and Chief Executive Officer of RSM.
The loan payable was unsecured, non-interest bearing and had no date set for its repayment. On September 9, 2008, the Company entered into an initial agreement with RSM for the repayment of the loan over a three-year period commencing on September 9, 2008. The first principal payment of $42,499 was due on September 9, 2009, $42,499 on September 9, 2010 and $42,499 on September 9, 2011. Pursuant to the Note, the outstanding amount of the loan was to accumulate interest at the rate of 4% per annum, such interest to accrue daily and be payable monthly, in arrears on the first business day of each and every month commencing on October 9, 2008 until the full amount of the loan together with all interest on such amount has been repaid in full.
On September 11, 2009, RSM obtained an extension of the option and joint venture agreement it has with the Company. As consideration for this extension, RSM cancelled the Note received from the Company and received a new promissory note in the amount of $133,134 at 0% interest payable in three equal installments of $44,378 on September 9, 2011, 2012 and 2013. Netted against the due to related parties, Royal Standard Minerals Inc. is a balance due from related parties, Royal Standard Minerals Inc. in the amount of $21,480 (December 31, 2010 - $21,480). The first payment due on September 9, 2011 was not paid. The outcome of this is unknown.
These transactions are in the normal course of operations and are considered to be in the best interest of all shareholders to support corporate growth and future development and are measured at the exchange amount (the amount of consideration established and agreed to by the related parties which approximate the arms length equivalent value).
-24-
C.
Interests of experts and counsel.
Not Applicable.
Item 8. Financial Information
A.
Consolidated Statements and Other Financial Information
Following is a list of financial statements filed as part of the annual report under Item #17:
*
Auditor's Report for Sharpe Resources Corporation for the year ended December 31, 2011, 2010, 2009
*
Consolidated Balance Sheets of Sharpe Resources Corporation as at December 31, 2011 and 2010
*
Consolidated Statements of Operations and Deficit of Sharpe Resources Corporation for the years ended December 31, 2011, 2010, 2009
*
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows of Sharpe Resources Corporation for the years ended December 31, 2011, 2010, 2009
*
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements of Sharpe Resources Corporation
*
Managements Discussion and Analysis
These are the Companys first annual consolidated financial statements prepared in accordance with IFRS. Previously, the Company prepared its financial
statements in accordance with Canadian Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (Canadian GAAP). The disclosures required by the provisions of IFRS 1, First-time adoption of International Financial Reporting Standards, explaining how the transition to IFRS has affected the reported financial performance, cash flows and financial position of the Company, are presented in Note 16 of the audited Consolidated Financial Statements Years Ended December 31, 2011 and December 31, 2010.
These consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with IFRS issued by the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) and Interpretations of the International Financial Reporting Interpretations Committee (IFRIC), effective for the Companys reporting for the year ended December 31, 2011.
For more information on accounting policies see Note 2 of the audited Consolidated Financial Statements Years Ended December 31, 2011 and December 31, 2010 of the Company. The accounting policies set out in Note 2 of the audited Consolidated Financial Statements Years Ended December 31, 2011 and December 31, 2010 of the Company have been applied consistently to all periods presented in these consolidated financial statements. They also have been applied in preparing an opening IFRS balance sheet at January 1, 2010 (Note 16 of the audited Consolidated Financial Statements Years Ended December 31, 2011 and December 31, 2010 of the Company) for the purposes of the transition to IFRS, as required by IFRS 1.
B.
Significant Changes.
a)
On December 1, 2007, the Company entered into an agreement to acquire 100% interest in Standard Energy Company (Standard). Standard is a private company related by virtue of its ownership by an officer and director of the Company. Standards primary asset includes 100% ownership in all of the coal seams on more than 17,000 acres in Preston County, West Virginia. Standard and the Company were also applying for up to 10 drilling permits to test the property.
The purchase price consisted of the forgiveness of the repayment of US $250,000 demand promissory note owing from Standard to the Company and the issuance of 2 million shares of the Companys common stocks. During the current fiscal year, this transaction was terminated. The 2 million shares of the Companys common stock were not issued.
b)
On June 12, 2008, the Company announced that Royal Standard Minerals Inc. (RSM) had reached a letter of intent agreement in principle with the Company to jointly develop and operate a number of coal projects. To enter into the transaction RSM has agreed in principle to advance to the projects up to $2 million to facilitate the startup.
-25-
Roland M. Larsen was the Chief Executive Officer of both RSM and the Company. In order to conduct the negotiations and settlement of definitive agreements in this connection, the board of RSM appointed an independent committee of directors consisting of Robert N. Granger (chairman), Mackenzie I. Watson and James C. Dunlop to evaluate, finalize and recommend the transaction to the Board of Directors of RSM if warranted. It is anticipated that the business will operate as a joint venture between the companies at least at the outset.
In an effort to achieve diversity within its natural resource portfolio RSM entered into the joint venture program mentioned above focused initially on the eastern Kentucky coal fields with the Company. The joint venture will involve the opportunity for RSM to earn a 50% interest in coal projects that Standard has acquired or holds under option agreements. RSM can earn its 50% interest by advancing four projects to production over the next 12 months. The letter of intent agreement was approved and executed by both Boards of Directors on November 12, 2008.
c)
The Company has entered into an option and joint venture agreement whereby it agreed to an option for RSM to acquire a 50% interest in coal properties in eastern Kentucky by advancing to the project $2 million prior to December 9, 2009.
The optionee of the agreement is RSM which was related to the Company due to the fact that they had common management and directors.
On September 11, 2009, RSM obtained an extension of the option and joint venture agreement it has with the Company. The extension allows RSM to incur expenditures of $2,000,000 under the agreement up to December 9, 2011.
Once the option is exercised by RSM a formal 50/50 joint venture agreement will be entered into by the parties.
Item 9. The Offer and Listing
A.
Offer and listing details.
The authorized capital of the Company consists of (i) an unlimited number of Common Shares and (ii) an unlimited number of preferred shares. The Common Shares are the only class of securities which are the subject of this registration statement on Form 20-F.
The Common Shares, when issued, will be fully paid and non-assessable, carry one vote at all meetings of shareholders (except meetings at which only holders of another class or series of shares are entitled to vote), participate ratably in any dividend declared by the directors, subject to the rights of holders of any shares ranking prior to the Common Shares, carry the right to receive a proportionate share of the assets of the Company available for distribution to holders of the Common Shares in the event of liquidation, dissolution or winding-up of the Company. The Common Shares do not carry any pre-emptive rights or voting rights.
On May 10, 1998, the shareholders of the Company approved by the requisite vote an amendment to the Companys articles to increase the authorized capital of the Company by the creation of an unlimited number of preferred shares. The preferred shares are issuable in series and authorize the directors of the Company to fix the number of shares in, and determine the designation, rights, privileges, restrictions and conditions attaching to the shares of each series. As of December 31, 2011, no series has been designated by the board of directors of the Company.
There are no laws or regulations, which would impose voting restrictions on non-resident shareholders.
The following table sets forth the reported high and low sales prices and the average daily trading volume of the outstanding Common Shares.
-26-
Over the Counter Bulletin Board (stated in US currency).
|
|
|
|
|
High
|
Low
|
Avg. Volume
|
2008
Third Calendar Quarter
Fourth Calendar Quarter
|
$0.45
$0.15
|
$0.08
$0.05
|
2.633
2,533
|
2009
First Calendar Quarter
Second Calendar Quarter
Third Calendar Quarter
Fourth Calendar Quarter
|
$0.11
$0.09
$0.09
$0.09
|
$0.02
$0.02
$0.06
$0.03
|
700
6,700
5,700
10,267
|
2010
First Calendar Quarter
Second Calendar Quarter
Third Calendar Quarter
Fourth Calendar Quarter
|
$0.07
$0.12
$0.04
$0.03
|
$0.02
$0.01
$0.02
$0.01
|
5,767
11,027
14,241
18,289
|
2011
First Calendar Quarter
Second Calendar Quarter
Third Calendar Quarter
Fourth Calendar Quarter
|
$0.07
$0.07
$0.04
$0.07
|
$0.03
$0.04
$0.03
$0.01
|
9,300
14,633
2,267
17,167
|
2012
January 2011
February 2011
March 2011
|
$0.10
$0.07
$0.15
|
$0.07
$0.06
$0.06
|
25,900
20,900
14,600
|
B.
Plan of Distribution
Not Applicable
C.
Markets
The Companys shares currently trade on the OTC:BB under the symbol SHGP.
D
Selling shareholders.
Not Applicable
E.
Dilution.
Not Applicable
F.
Expenses of the issue.
Not Applicable
-27-
Item 10. Additional Information
A.
Share capital.
Not applicable
B.
Memorandum and articles of association.
These documents were filed with the original registration report in July, 1998.
C.
Material contracts.
There are no material contracts.
D.
Exchange controls.
There is no law, governmental decree or regulation in Canada that restricts the export or import of capital, including foreign exchange controls, or that affects the remittance of dividends, interest or other payments to non-resident holders of Common Shares, other than withholding tax requirements and potential capital gain on the disposition of the Common Shares under certain circumstances. (See Item 10. E. - Taxation.)
There is no limitation imposed by Canadian law or by the Articles or other charter documents of the Company on the right of a non-resident to hold or vote Common Shares, other than as provided by the Investment Canada Act (Canada) as amended, including as amended by the World Trade Organization Implementation Act (Canada). The following summarizes the principal features of the Investment Canada Act for non-Canadians who propose to acquire Common Shares.
The Investment Canada Act (the Act) enacted on June 20, 1985, as amended, including as amended by the World Trade Organization Implementation Act (Canada), requires notification and, in certain cases, advance review and approval by the Government of Canada of the acquisition by a non-Canadian of control of a Canadian business, all as defined in the Act. Non-Canadian generally means an individual who is not a Canadian citizen or permanent resident, or a Corporation, partnership, trust or joint venture that is ultimately controlled by non-Canadians. For purposes of the Act, control can be acquired through the acquisition of all or substantially all of the assets used in the Canadian business, or the direct or indirect acquisition of voting interests or shares in an entity that carries on a Canadian business or which controls the entity which carries on the Canadian business whether or not the controlling entity is Canadian. Under the Act, control of a Corporation is deemed to be acquired through the acquisition of a majority of the voting shares of a Corporation, and is presumed to be acquired where at least one-third, but less than a majority, of the voting shares of a Corporation or of an equivalent undivided ownership interest in the voting shares of a Corporation are acquired unless it can be established that the Corporation is not controlled in fact through the ownership of voting shares. Other rules apply with respect to the acquisition of non-corporate entities.
All investments to acquire control of a Canadian business are notifiable, unless they are reviewable. Investments requiring review and approval include: (i) a direct acquisition of control of a Canadian business with assets with a value of Cdn. $5,000,000 or more; (ii) an indirect acquisition of control of a Canadian business where the value of the assets of the Canadian business and of all other Canadian entities the control of which is acquired directly or indirectly is Cdn. $50,000,000 or more; and (iii) an indirect acquisition of control of a Canadian business and of all other Canadian entities the control of which is acquired directly or indirectly is Cdn. $5,000,000 or more and represents greater than 50% of the total value of the assets of all of the entities, control of which is being acquired. Subject to certain exceptions, where an investment is made by a WTO Investor (generally, nationals or permanent residents of World Trade Organization member states, or entities controlled by residents or nationals of WTO member states) or the Canadian business is controlled by a WTO Investor, the monetary thresholds discussed above are higher. In these circumstances the monetary threshold with regard to direct acquisitions is Cdn. $160,000,000 in constant 1995 dollars as determined in accordance with the Act. Indirect acquisitions of Canadian businesses by or from WTO Investors are not subject to review. The United States is a WTO member state.
-28-
Special rules apply with respect to investments by non-Canadians (including WTO Investors) to acquire control of Canadian businesses that engage in certain specified activities, including financial services, transportation services and activities relating to Canadas cultural heritage or national identity.
If an investment is reviewable, an application for review in the form prescribed by regulation is normally required to be filed with the Investment Review Division of Industry Canada prior to the investment taking place and the investment may not be normally implemented until the review has been completed and ministerial approval obtained.
The Investment Review Division will submit the application for review to the Minister of Industry (Canada), together with any other information or written undertakings given by the acquirer and any representations submitted to the division by a province that is likely to be significantly affected by the investment. The Minister will then determine whether the investment is likely to be of net benefit to Canada, taking into account the information provided and having regard to certain factors of assessment prescribed under the Act. Among the factors considered are: (i) the effect of the investment on the nature and level of economic activity in Canada, including the effect on employment, on resource processing, on the utilization of parts, components and services produced in Canada, and on exports from Canada; (ii) the degree and significance of participation by Canadians in the Canadian business and in any industry in Canada of which it forms a part; (iii) the effect of the investment on productivity, industrial efficiency, technological development, product innovation and product variety in Canada; (iv) the effect of the investment on competition within any industry or industries in Canada; (v) the compatibility of the investment with national industrial, economic and cultural objectives enunciated by the government or legislature of any province likely to be significantly affected by the investment; and (vi) the contribution of the investment to Canadas ability to compete in world markets.
Within 45 days after completed application for review has been received, the Minister must notify the investor that (a) he is satisfied that the investment is likely to be of net benefit to Canada, or (b) he is unable to complete his review in which case he shall have 30 additional days to complete his review (unless the investor agrees to a longer period) or (c) he is not satisfied that the investment is likely to be of net benefit to Canada. If the Minister is unable to complete his review and no decision has been taken within the prescribed or agreed upon time, the Minister is deemed to be satisfied that the investment is likely to be of net benefit to Canada.
Where the Minister has advised the investor that he is not satisfied that the investment is likely to be of net benefit to Canada, the acquirer has the right to make representations and submit undertakings within 30 days of the date of notice (or any further period that is agreed upon between the investor and the Minister). On the expiration of the 30-day period (or an agreed extension), the Minister must notify the investor whether or not he is satisfied that the investment is likely to be of net benefit to Canada. In the latter case, the investor may not proceed with the investment, or if the investment has already been implemented, must divest itself of control of the Canadian business.
-29-
No securities of the Company are subject to escrow or similar restrictions.
E.
Taxation
The following is a summary of certain Canadian federal income tax provisions applicable to United States corporations, citizens and resident alien individuals purchasing Common Shares. The discussion is only a general summary and does not purport to deal with all aspects of Canadian federal taxation that may be relevant to shareholders, including those subject to special treatment under the income tax laws. Shareholders are advised to consult their own tax advisors regarding the Canadian federal income tax consequences of holding and disposing of the Companys Common Shares, as well as any consequences arising under U.S. federal, state or local tax laws or tax laws of other jurisdictions outside the United States. The summary is based on the assumption that, for Canadian tax purposes, the purchasers or shareholders (i) deal at arms-length with the Company, (ii) are not residents of Canada, (iii) hold the Common Shares as capital property and (iv) do not use or hold Common Shares in, or in the course of, carrying on business in Canada (a Non-Resident Holder).
Dividends paid to U.S. residents by the Company on the Common Shares generally will be subject to Canadian non-resident withholding taxes. For this purpose, dividends will include amounts paid by the Company in excess of the paid-up capital of the Common Shares on redemption or a purchase for cancellation of such shares by the Company (other than purchases on the open market). For U.S. corporations owning at least 10% of the voting stock of the Company, the dividends paid by the Company are subject to a withholding tax rate of 6% in 1996 and 5% thereafter under the Canada-U.S. Income Tax Convention (1980), as amended by the Protocol signed on March 17, 1995 (the Treaty). For all other U.S. shareholders, the Treaty reduces the withholding tax rate from 25% to 15% of the gross dividend. Other applicable tax treaties may reduce the Canadian tax rate for other Non-Resident Holders.
A Non-Resident Holder will generally not be subject to tax in Canada on capital gains realized from disposition of Common Shares, unless such shares are taxable Canadian property within the meaning of the Income Tax Act (Canada). Generally, the Common Shares would not be taxable Canadian property unless the Non-Resident Holder, together with related parties, at any time during the five years prior to the disposition of the Common Shares owned not less than 25% of the issued shares of any class of the capital stock of the Company. Under the Treaty, a resident of the United States will not be subject to tax under the Income Tax Act (Canada) in respect of gains realized on the sale of Common Shares which constitute taxable Canadian property, provided that the value of the Common Shares at the time of disposition is not derived principally from real property located in Canada.
F.
Dividends and paying agents.
Not applicable.
G.
Statement by experts
Not applicable.
H.
Documents on display.
Company documents can be viewed at 3258 Mob Neck Road, Heathsville, Virginia 22473. They can also be obtained by writing to this address.
-30-
I.
Subsidiary Information
Not applicable.
Item 11. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk.
The Companys activities expose it to a variety of financial risks: credit risk, liquidity risk, and market risk (including interest rate, foreign exchange rate, and commodity and equity price risk).
Risk management is carried out by the Company's management team with guidance from the Audit Committee under policies approved by the Board of Directors. The Board of Directors also provides regular guidance for overall risk management.
Credit Risk
Credit risk is the risk of loss associated with a counterparts inability to fulfill its payment obligations. The Company's credit risk is primarily attributable to cash. Cash consists of non-interest and interest bearing bank accounts with reputable financial institutions. Management believes that the credit risk concentration with respect to financial instruments included in cash is minimal.
Liquidity Risk
Liquidity risk is the risk that the Company will not have sufficient cash resources to meet
its financial obligations as they come due. As at December 31, 2011, the Company had a cash balance of $7,420 (December 31, 2010 - $8,519) to settle accounts payable and other liabilities of $303,751 (December 31, 2010 - $242,846), due to related parties of $111,654 (December 31, 2010 - $69,778) and other liabilities of $563,818 (December 31, 2010 - $563,818). The Companys accounts payable and other liabilities have contractual maturities of less than 30 days and are subject to normal trade terms. A portion of the due to related parties is unsecured with no set date of repayment (see notes 10(ii) and 10 (iii) of the audited Consolidated Financial Statements Years Ended December 31, 2011 and December 31, 2010). The Company is seeking sources of additional capital to improve its liquidity position.
Market Risk
Market risk is the risk of loss that may arise from changes in market factors such as interest rates, foreign exchange rates, and commodity prices.
Interest Rate Risk
The Company has cash balances and balances due to related parties with fixed interest rates. The Company's current policy is to invest excess cash in interest bearing bank accounts and money market funds. The Company periodically monitors its interest bearing bank accounts and money market funds and is satisfied with the creditworthiness of its banks
.
Foreign Currency Risk
The Company's functional currency is the United States dollar and major purchases are transacted in United States dollars. An operating account is maintained in Canadian dollars
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primarily for settlement of general and corporate expenditures. Management believes the foreign exchange risk derived from currency conversions is negligible and therefore does not hedge its foreign exchange risk.
Commodity Price Risk
Commodity price risk could adversely affect the Company. Commodity prices have fluctuated significantly in recent years. There is no assurance that, even as commercial quantities of coal may be produced in the future, a profitable market will exist for them. As of December 31, 2010, the Company was not a producer of coal. As a result, commodity price risk may affect the completion of future equity transactions such as equity offerings and the exercise of stock options and warrants. This may also affect the Company's liquidity and its ability to meet its ongoing obligations. The Company closely monitors commodity prices as it relates to coal to determine the appropriate course of action to be taken by the Company.
Sensitivity Analysis
Based on management's knowledge and experience of the financial markets, the Company believes the following movements are "reasonably possible" over a twelve month period:
(i)
FVTPL assets include an interest bearing bank account with a variable interest rate. As at December 31, 2011, sensitivity to a plus or minus 10% change in interest rates would not be significant to the statement of loss and comprehensive loss.
(ii)
The Company is exposed to foreign currency risk on fluctuations related to cash, accounts payable and other liabilities, and due to related parties that are denominated in Canadian dollars. Sensitivity to a plus or minus 10% change in the foreign exchange rate would affect net loss and comprehensive loss by approximately $11,000 with all other variables held constant.
Item 12. Description of Securities Other than Equity Securities.
Not applicable.
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PART II
Item 13. Defaults, Dividend Arrearages and Delinquencies.
None.
Item 14. Material Modifications to the Rights of Security Holders and Use of Proceeds.
There have been none.
Item 15. Controls and Procedures
A.
Disclosure Controls and Procedures
As of the end of the period covered by this report and based on their evaluation the Company's principal executive officer and principal financial officer have concluded that the Company's disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) were effective to ensure that the information required to be disclosed by the Company in reports that it files or submits under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time period specified in Securities and Exchange Commission rules and forms.
B.
Managements Annual Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting
Our management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting, as defined under Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 14d-14(f). Our internal control over financial reporting is designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles.
All internal control systems, no matter how well designed, have inherent limitations and may not prevent or detect misstatements. Therefore, even those systems determined to be effective can only provide reasonable assurance with respect to financial reporting reliability and financial statement preparation and presentation. In addition, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to risk that controls become inadequate because of changes in conditions and that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
Management assessed the effectiveness of the Companys internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2011. In making the assessment, management used the criteria issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO) in Internal Control-Integrated Framework. Based on its assessment, management concluded that, as of December 31, 2011, the Companys internal control over financial reporting was effective to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles.
C.
Attestation report of the registered public accounting firm
.
This annual report does not include an attestation report of the Companys registered public accounting firm regarding internal control over financial reporting. Managements report was not subject to attestation by the Companys registered public accounting firm pursuant to rules of the Securities and Exchange Commission that permit the Company to provide only managements report in this annual report.
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D.
Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting
There were no changes in our internal controls or in other factors that could affect these controls subsequent to the date of their most recent evaluation.
Item 16. [Reserved]
Item 16A. Audit committee financial expert.
The board of directors has determined that Director and Audit Committee Member, Ms. Kimberly Koerner has the necessary attributes for designation as the audit committees financial expert and have designated her as the financial expert.
Item 16B. Code of Ethics.
The company has adopted a Code of Ethics that applies to its Directors and Executive Officers. The Code of Ethics can be viewed at 3258 Mob Neck Road, Heathsville, Virginia 22473. It can also be obtained, without charge, by writing to this address.
Item 16C. Principal Accountant Fees and Services.
|
|
|
|
|
2011*
|
2010
|
2009
|
Audit Fees
|
$20,000
|
$18,000
|
$30,000
|
Audit Related Fees
|
|
$0
|
$0
|
Tax Fees
|
|
$0
|
$0
|
All Other Fees
|
$400
|
$360
|
$480
|
*
The 2011 audit fees have not yet been billed. The amounts shown are estimates that were included in the audit planning letter.
Policies and Procedures for Pre-Approval of Auditors Services
The Audit Committee has adopted a policy and procedures regarding the engagement of the Companys auditors, which are summarized below.
The auditors must submit for approval to the Audit Committee an engagement letter outlining the scope of the audit services, including all statutory engagements as required under securities and corporate laws, proposed to be performed during the fiscal year. This letter of engagement must include a fee proposal for all audit services proposed to be rendered during the fiscal year. This letter of engagement must also outline the scope of the services proposed to be performed in connection with the interim review of the quarterly consolidated financial statements for the first and second quarters of the following fiscal year, prior to the appointment of MSCM LLP as auditors by the shareholders at the Companys next annual meeting. In addition, the engagement letter may include a specific list of permissible audit-related and non-audit services that are generally expected and necessary in the normal course of the Companys business, and that Management recommends the Audit Committee engage the auditors to provide.
At the request of Management, the Audit Committee may approve additional audit services and permissible audit-related and non-audit services. In such circumstances, the auditors must issue separate engagement letters for each additional service. Such engagement letters must confirm to the Audit Committee, and Management must also confirm, that the proposed services are permissible under all applicable securities legislation or regulations.
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To ensure the prompt handling of day-to-day tax-related matters, Management may request the Audit Committee to pre-approve a maximum periodic amount of tax-related services that may be rendered by the auditors on a pre-identified list of specific tax-related matters for the next quarter.
To ensure prompt handling of unexpected matters, the Audit Committee delegates to its Chair the authority to approve additional audit services and permissible audit-related and non-audit services. Based on the materiality of the proposed services, the Chair may decide that a special meeting of the Audit Committee is necessary in order to appropriately assess the proposal. The Chair reports any action taken to the Audit Committee at its next regular meeting.
The Audit Committee is informed quarterly as to the status and estimated fees regarding services actually provided by the auditors pursuant to these pre-approval procedures.
The auditors and Management must ensure that all audit, audit-related and non-audit services provided to the Company have been approved by the Audit Committee. The Chair of the Audit Committee is responsible for tracking all auditors fees against the estimates for such services and reporting to the Audit Committee every quarter.
As required by the U.S. Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (the Sarbanes-Oxley Act), all audit, audit related and non-audit services rendered by MSCM LLP pursuant to engagements entered into since March 23, 2009 and prior to that by McCarney Greenwood, LLP pursuant to engagements entered into since May 6, 2003 were pre-approved by the Audit Committee pursuant to these pre-approval procedures. In 2005, no audit-related and non-audit services rendered by the auditors were required to be approved by the Audit Committee pursuant to the de minimis exception set out in paragraph (c)(7)(i)(C) of Rule 2-01 of Regulation S-X.
Item 16D. Exemptions from the Listing Standards for Audit Committees.
The Company is relying on the exemption in section 6.1 in Multilateral Instrument 52-110
Audit Committees
(MI 52-110), which provides that venture issuers (as that term is defined therein) are not required to comply with certain audit committee composition requirements and have different reporting obligations, as specified by MI 52-110.
.
Item 16E. Purchases of Equity Securities by the Issuer and Affiliated Purchasers.
There were no known purchases of the Companys securities by or on behalf of the Company or any affiliated purchaser during the period covered by this Annual Report.
Item 16F. Changes in Registrants Certifying Accountant.
Not applicable.
Item 16G. Corporate Governance.
Not applicable.
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PART III
Item 17. Financial Statements.
Following is a list of financial statements filed as part of the annual report under Item #17:
*
Auditor's Report for Sharpe Resources Corporation for the year ended December 31, 2011, 2010, 2009
*
Consolidated Balance Sheets of Sharpe Resources Corporation as at December 31, 2011 and 2010
*
Consolidated Statements of Operations and Deficit of Sharpe Resources Corporation for the years ended December 31, 2011, 2010, 2009
*
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows of Sharpe Resources Corporation for the years ended December 31, 2011, 2010, 2009
*
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements of Sharpe Resources Corporation
*
Managements Discussion and Analysis
The financial statements of Sharpe Resources Corporation were prepared in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB). Adoption of IFRS has resulted in changes in accounting policies compared to the most recent financial statements prepared under Canadian GAAP. The accounting policies as set out in Note 2 of the audited Consolidated Financial Statements Years Ended December 31, 2011 and December 31, 2010 have been applied consistently to all periods presented. They have also been applied in the preparation of an opening IFRS adjustment of financial position as at January 1, 2010 as required by IFRS 1 First Time Adoption of IFRS. The impact of the transition from Canadian GAAP to IFRS is explained in Note 16 of the audited Consolidated Financial Statements Years Ended December 31, 2011 and December 31, 2010.
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-64-
SHARPE RESOURCES COMPANY
MANAGEMENT DISCUSSION & ANALYSIS
The following discussion (the MD&A) of the financial condition and results of operations of Sharpe Resources Company Inc. (the Company or Sharpe) constitutes managements review of the factors that affected the Companys financial and operating performance for the year ending December 31, 2011. The MD&A was prepared as of April 27, 2012 and should be read in conjunction with the audited Consolidated Financial Statements Years Ended December 31, 2011 and December 31, 2010, including the notes thereto. Unless otherwise stated, all amounts discussed herein are denominated in United States dollars.
These are the Companys first annual consolidated financial statements prepared in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS). Previously, the Company prepared its financial statements in accordance with Canadian Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (Canadian GAAP). The disclosures required by the provisions of IFRS 1, First-time adoption of International Financial Reporting Standards, explaining how the transition to IFRS has affected the reported financial performance, cash flows and financial position of the Company, are presented in note 16 of the audited Consolidated Financial Statements Years Ended December 31, 2011 and December 31, 2010.
The consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with IFRS issued by the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) and Interpretations of the International Financial Reporting Interpretations Committee (IFRIC), effective for the Companys reporting for the year ended December 31, 2011.
Overview
The Company is continued under the Canadian Business Corporations
Act (CBCA) and its common shares are listed in the United States on the OTC:BB symbol SHGP. The primary office is located at 360 Bay Street, Suite 500, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, M5H 2V6. The Company is engaged in the development of mineral resources in the United States of America.
Currently the Company has oil and gas royalty interests in Texas through its wholly-owned subsidiary, Sharpe Energy Company, in a single cost centre in the United States of America.
Results of Operations
The net loss for the year ending December 31, 2011 was $93,290 as compared to the net loss of $397,705 for the year ended December 31, 2010. Revenue for the year ending December 31, 2011 was $133,368 compared to $4,319 for the year ended December 31, 2010. This increase in revenue was primarily the result of a one-time disbursement of oil sales totaling $101,553that had been held in suspense since 2001. In addition, a one-time pooling bonus was received in the amount of $16,650.
Total expenses increased from $132,524 for the year ended December 31, 2010 to $226,658 for the year ending December 31, 2011. The increase is the result of an increase in operating expenses from $161 for the year ended December 31, 2010 to $79,305 for the year ending December 31, 2011. This increase is a direct result of operating expenses since 2001 held in suspense and netted against the one-time revenue disbursement. In addition, general and administrative expenses increased from $107,778 for the year ended December 31, 2010 to $123,364 for the year ending December 31, 2011.
Sharpe Resources Corporation
Management Discussion and Analysis 2011
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The Company entered into an option agreement whereby it agreed to grant an option for Royal Standard Minerals Inc. (RSM) to acquire a 50% interest in coal properties in eastern Kentucky by advancing to the project $2,000,000 prior to December 9, 2009. Once the option was exercised by RSM a 50/50 joint venture agreement was to be entered into by the parties. On September 11, 2009, RSM obtained an extension of the option and joint venture agreement it had with the Company. The extension allows RSM to incur expenditures of $2,000,000 under the agreement up to December 9, 2011.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
The Companys total assets at December 31, 2011 were $30,337 compared to $8,519 at December 31, 2010. The Company funded its operations for the year ending December 31, 2011 through the use of existing cash reserves and the one-time disbursement of oil sales. The Company does not have sufficient cash reserves to fund its administrative costs for the following 12 months and to make inroads on its liabilities to trade creditors and debt holders. Management is actively involved in seeking new equity financing to enable it to service the Company's existing liabilities and its ongoing administrative costs. There can be no assurance that the Company will be successful in these initiatives.
Total liabilities increased $53,458 in the year ending December 31, 2011 going from $943,718 at December 31, 2010 to $997,176 at December 31, 2011 and are the direct result of an increase in accounts payable.
Following is a summary of contractual obligations including payments due for each of the next five years and thereafter.
|
|
|
|
|
|
Contractual Obligations
|
|
Payments by Period
|
|
Total
|
Less than 1 year
|
1-3 years
|
4-5 years
|
After 5 years
|
Due to Royal Standard Minerals
|
$111,654
*
|
$111,654
|
$0
|
$0
|
$0
|
* See item (iii) under Related Party Transactions below on page 4.
On a forward going basis equity and debt financings will remain the single major source of cash flow for the Company. As revenue from operations improve the capital requirement of the Company will also improve. However, debt and equity financings will continue to be a source of capital to expand the Companys activities in the future.
The Company is authorized to issue an unlimited number of common shares of which 48,119,863 are outstanding at December 31, 2011. On June 9, 2011, 1,500,000 shares were issued to individuals for employment or similar services. These individuals have never been paid by the Company and it has been determined that the fair value of the services is not reliably estimable. The company has valued the shares based on the fair market value of the shares on the date of issue.
Also at December 31, 2011 the Company had outstanding options to purchase 3,100,000 common shares with exercise prices of Cdn $0.10 per share and expiration dates ranging from May 2012 to May 2013.
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Sharpe Resources Corporation
Management Discussion and Analysis 2011
There are no warrants outstanding at December 31, 2011.
Selected Annual Information
The following selected financial information is derived from the financial statements of the Company and should be read in conjunction with such statements, including the notes thereto:
|
|
|
|
|
2011
|
2010
|
2009
|
Selected Operating Data
|
|
|
|
Revenue
|
$133,368
|
$4,319
|
$30,663
|
Operating Costs
|
($79,305)
|
($161)
|
($533)
|
Expenses
|
($147,353)
|
($401,863)
|
($144,033)
|
Net loss and comprehensive loss
for the year
|
($93,290)
|
($397,705)
|
($113,903)
|
Loss per share basic
|
($0.00)
|
($0.00)
|
($0.00)
|
Loss per share diluted
|
($0.00)
|
($0.00)
|
($0.00)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2011
|
2010
|
2009
|
Selected Balance Sheet Data
|
|
|
|
Total Assets
|
$30,337
|
$8,519
|
$339,138
|
Total Current Liabilities
|
$979,223
|
$876,442
|
$764,978
|
Total Long Term Debt
|
$0
|
$67,276
|
$111,654
|
Total Liabilities
|
$997,176
|
$943,718
|
$876,632
|
Share Capital
|
$11,525,080
|
$11,463,430
|
$11,463,430
|
Deficit
|
($12,947,254)
|
($12,853,964)
|
($12,456,259)
|
Selected Quarterly Information
The following is a summary of selected financial information of the Company for the quarterly periods indicated:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
3 Mos. Ending Dec 31, 2011
|
3 Mos. Ending Sept 30, 2011
|
3 Mos. Ending June 30, 2011
|
3 Mos. Ending Mar 31, 2011
|
3 Mos. Ending Dec 31, 2010
|
3 Mos. Ending Sept 30, 2010
|
3 Mos. Ending June 30, 2010
|
3 Mos. Ending Mar 31, 2010
|
Revenue
|
$3,997
|
7,323
|
$120,481
|
$1,567
|
$334
|
$1,262
|
$0
|
$2,723
|
Expenses
|
($75,578)
|
($8,461)
|
($123,762)
|
($18,857)
|
($333,599)
|
($22,536)
|
($25,875)
|
($20,014)
|
Net Loss
|
($71,581)
|
($1,138)
|
($3,281)
|
($17,290)
|
($333,265)
|
($21,274)
|
($25,875)
|
($17,291)
|
Net Loss per Common share basic and diluted
|
($0.00)
|
($0.00)
|
($0.00)
|
($0.00)
|
($0.00)
|
($0.00)
|
($0.00)
|
($0.00)
|
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Sharpe Resources Corporation
Management Discussion and Analysis 2011
Transactions with Related Parties
Related parties include the Board of Directors, officers, close family members and enterprises that are controlled by these individuals as well as certain persons performing similar functions.
(a)
Sharpe entered into the following transactions with related parties:
For the Year ended December 31
|
|
|
|
2011
|
2010
|
Roland MD Larsen
1
|
$20,550
|
$0
|
(i)
500,000 shares were issued to the son of the Chief Executive Officer of the Company for employment services. They are valued at the fair market value of the shares on the date of issuance (note 11(b)(i) of the audited Consolidated Financial Statements Years Ended December 31, 2011 and December 31, 2010).
(b) Balances with related parties are comprised of:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
December. 31, 2011
|
December 31, 2010
|
December 31, 2009
|
|
|
|
|
|
Due From Related Party
|
Standard Energy Company (i)
|
$0
|
$0
|
$250,000
|
|
|
$0
|
$0
|
$250,000
|
|
|
|
|
|
Due To Related Parties
|
Roland M. Larsen (ii)
|
$17,953
|
$25,400
|
$25,400
|
|
Royal Standard Minerals Inc. current portion (iii)
|
$111,654
|
$44,378
|
$0
|
|
Royal Standard Minerals Inc. long term portion (iii)
|
$0
|
$67,276
|
$111,654
|
|
|
$129,607
|
$137,054
|
$137,054
|
(i) The initial purpose of this transaction was to acquire an asset that Sharpe would become an interest holder in the project either in Standard Energy Company ("Standard") or a direct interest in the Kingwood Coal Project. Standard is related by virtue of its ownership by an officer and director of the Company. The loan receivable was unsecured, non-interest bearing and no date was set for its repayment. On December 1, 2007, Sharpe entered into an agreement to acquire a 100% interest in Standard Energy as described in Note 10(a) of the audited Consolidated Financial Statements as at December 31, 2010 and 2009 and for the first quarter ended March 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008 of the Company. This transaction was cancelled during the first quarter 2010 and the receivable was written off as uncollectible.
(ii) This loan is payable to an officer and director of the Company and was used to fund payables. It is unsecured, bearing interest at 8% and has no date set for repayment. The interest payable on this loan has been accrued but has not yet been paid.
(iii) Royal Standard Minerals Inc. ("RSM") was a related Company by virtue of common management and common directors. As of December 7, 2011 the Company ceased to be a related party, as Roland Larsen stepped down as President and Chief Executive Officer of RSM.
The loan payable was unsecured, non-interest bearing and had no date set for its repayment. On September 9, 2008, the Company entered into an initial agreement with RSM for the repayment of the loan over a three-year period commencing on September 9, 2008. The first principal payment of $42,499 was due on September 9, 2009, $42,499 on September 9, 2010 and $42,499 on September 9, 2011. Pursuant to the Note, the outstanding amount of the loan was to accumulate interest at the rate of 4% per annum, such interest to accrue daily and be payable monthly, in arrears on the first business day of each and every month commencing on October 9, 2008 until the full amount of the loan together with all interest on such amount has been repaid in full.
On September 11, 2009, RSM obtained an extension of the option and joint venture agreement it has with the Company. As consideration for this extension, RSM cancelled the Note received from the Company and received a new promissory note in the amount of $133,134 at 0% interest payable in three equal installments of $44,378 on September 9, 2011, 2012 and 2013.
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Sharpe Resources Corporation
Management Discussion and Analysis 2011
Netted against the due to related parties, Royal Standard Minerals Inc. is a balance due from related parties, Royal Standard Minerals Inc. in the amount of $21,480 (December 31, 2010 - $21,480). The first payment due on September 9, 2011 was not paid. The outcome of this is unknown.
These transactions are in the normal course of operations and are considered to be in the best interest of all shareholders to support corporate growth and future development and are measured at the exchange amount (the amount of consideration established and agreed to by the related parties which approximate the arms length equivalent value).
Changes in Accounting Policies
International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS)
These are the Companys first annual consolidated financial statements prepared in accordance with IFRS. Previously, the Company prepared its financial statements in accordance with Canadian Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (Canadian GAAP). The disclosures required by the provisions of IFRS 1, First-time adoption of International Financial Reporting Standards, explaining how the transition to IFRS has affected the reported financial performance, cash flows and financial position of the Company, are presented in note 16 of the audited Consolidated Financial Statements Years Ended December 31, 2011 and December 31, 2010.
These consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with IFRS issued by the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) and Interpretations of the International Financial Reporting Interpretations Committee (IFRIC), effective for the Companys reporting for the year ended December 31, 2011.
For more information on accounting policies see Note 2 of the audited Consolidated Financial Statements Years Ended December 31, 2011 and December 31, 2010 of the Company. The accounting policies set out in Note 2 of the audited Consolidated Financial Statements Years Ended December 31, 2011 and December 31, 2010 of the Company have been applied consistently to all periods presented in these consolidated financial statements. They also have been applied in preparing an opening IFRS balance sheet at January 1, 2010 (note 16 of the audited Consolidated Financial Statements Years Ended December 31, 2011 and December 31, 2010 of the Company) for the purposes of the transition to IFRS, as required by IFRS 1.
Risk and Uncertainties
At the present time, the Company does not have sufficient assets to maintain ongoing profitability. The Companys ability to acquire and develop new projects is a function of its ability to raise the necessary capital to pursue the efforts successfully.
As at December 31, 2011, the Company had negative working capital of $966,839 (December 31, 2010 - negative working capital of $867,923) and an accumulated deficit of $12,947,254 (December 31, 2010 - $12,853,964).
The Company has limited financial resources and there is no assurance that additional capital will be available to it for further acquisitions, exploration and development of new or existing projects. Failure to obtain such additional financing could result in delay or indefinite postponement of further exploration and development of the property interests of the Company with the possible dilution or loss of such interests.
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Sharpe Resources Corporation
Management Discussion and Analysis 2011
The Companys business is subject to variety of risks and uncertainties. These risks are explained in detail in Note 4 of the audited Consolidated Financial Statements Years Ended December 31, 2011 and December 31, 2010 of the Company.
Environment
Operations, development and exploration projects could potentially be affected by environmental laws and regulations of the country in which the activities are undertaken. The environmental standards continue to change and the global trend is to a longer, more complex process. Although the Company continuously reviews environmental matters and undertakes to comply with changes as expeditiously as possible, there is no assurance that existing or future environmental regulation will not materially adversely affect the Companys financial condition, liquidity and results of operation. Certain environmental issues, such as storm events, tailings storage seepage, dust and noise emissions, while having been assessed and strategies based on best practices have been adopted, there can be no assurance an unforeseen event will not occur which could have a material adverse effect on the viability of the Companys business and affairs.
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
The Company has no off-balance sheet arrangements.
Managements Responsibility for Financial Information
The Companys financial statements are the responsibility of the Companys management, and have been approved by the Board of Directors. The audited Consolidated Financial Statements Years Ended December 31, 2011 and December 31, 2010 have been prepared by management, on behalf of the Board of Directors, in accordance with the accounting policies disclosed in the notes to the consolidated financial statements. Where necessary, management has made informed judgments and estimates in accounting for transactions which were not complete at the financial position date. In the opinion of management, the consolidated financial statements have been prepared within acceptable limits of materiality and are in accordance with applicable International Financial Reporting Standards.
Forward Looking Statements
This MD&A includes certain forward-looking statements within the meaning of applicable Canadian securities legislation. All statements, other than statements of historical facts, included in this MD&A that address activities, events or developments that the Company expects or anticipates will or may occur in the future, including such things as future business strategy, competitive strengths, goals, expansion and growth of the Companys businesses, operations, plans and other such matters are forward-looking statements. When used in this MD&A, the words estimate, plan, anticipate, expect, intend, believe and similar expressions are intended to identify forward-looking statements. These statements involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors which may cause the actual results, performance or achievements of the Company to be materially different from any future results, performance or achievements expressed or implied by such forward-looking statements. Such factors include, among others, risks related to joint venture operations, actual results of current exploration activities, changes in project parameters as plans continue to be refined, unavailability of financing, fluctuations in oil and gas prices and other factors. Although the Company has attempted to identify important factors that could cause actual results to differ materially, there may be other factors that cause results to be different than anticipated, estimated or intended. There can be no assurance that such statements will prove to be accurate as actual results and future events could differ materially from those anticipated in such statements. Accordingly, readers should not place undue reliance on forward-looking statements.
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Sharpe Resources Corporation
Management Discussion and Analysis 2011
Additional Information
Additional information relating to the Company, including the annual information form of the Company, can be found on SEDAR at www.sedar.com, on EDGAR at www.sec.gov and on the Companys website at www.sharperesourcescorporation.com.
s Roland M. Larsen
Roland M. Larsen, President
Heathsville, VA
April 27, 2012
-71-
Item 18. Financial Statements.
Not applicable.
Item 19. Exhibits.
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Exhibit 12
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Section 302 Certifications
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Exhibit 13
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Section 906 Certifications
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SIGNATURES
The registrant hereby certifies that it meets all of the requirements for filing on Form 20-F and that it has duly caused and authorized the undersigned to sign this annual report on its behalf.
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SHARPE RESOURCES CORPORATION
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(Registrant)
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s Roland M. Larsen
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Roland M. Larsen, President & CEO
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Date:
April 30, 2012
-72-
Sharpe Resource (CE) (USOTC:SHGP)
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Sharpe Resource (CE) (USOTC:SHGP)
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