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UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

WASHINGTON, DC 20549

 


FORM 10-Q

 


 

x QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2007

OR

 

¨ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from                      to                     

Commission file number 0-22158

 


NetManage, Inc.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

 


 

Delaware   77-0252226

(State or other jurisdiction of

Incorporation or organization)

 

(IRS employer

identification no.)

20883 Stevens Creek Boulevard

Cupertino, California 95014

(Address of principal executive offices, including zip code)

(408) 973-7171

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

 


Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    YES   x     NO   ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, or a non-accelerated filer. See definition of “accelerated filer and large accelerated filer” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act (check one):

Large accelerated filer   ¨         Accelerated filer   ¨         Non-accelerated filer   x

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act).    Yes   ¨     No   x

Number of shares of registrant’s common stock outstanding as of November 08, 2007: 9,581,012

 



Table of Contents

NetManage, Inc.

Table of Contents

 

          Page No.

PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

  

Item 1.

   Financial Statements (Unaudited)    3
   Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets at September 30, 2007 and December 31, 2006    4
  

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations for the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2007 and September 30, 2006

   5
  

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss) for the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2007 and September 30, 2006

   6
  

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the nine month periods ended September 30, 2007 and September 30, 2006

   7
   Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements    8

Item 2.

   Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations    20

Item 3.

   Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk    29

Item 4.

   Controls and Procedures    30

PART II. OTHER INFORMATION

  

Item 1.

   Legal Proceedings    31

Item 1A.

   Risk Factors    31

Item 2.

   Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds    31

Item 3.

   Defaults upon Senior Securities    31

Item 4.

   Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders    31

Item 5.

   Other Information    31

Item 6.

   Exhibits    32
   Signatures    33
   Exhibit Index    34

 

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Forward-looking statements

Some of the statements contained in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q other than purely historical information, including statements regarding expectations, estimates, projections, business plans, strategies, objectives and expected operating results, and the assumptions upon which those statements are based, are “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933 and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. In some cases, you can identify forward-looking statements by terminology such as “may,” “will,” “would,” “should,” “expects,” “plans,” “anticipates,” “believes,” “estimates,” “predicts,” “projects,” “potential,” or “continue” or the negative of these terms or other comparable terminology. Forward-looking statements involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors, which may cause our actual results to differ materially from those implied by the forward-looking statements. We cannot guarantee future results, levels of activity, performance or achievements. We assume no obligation to update any such forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise, except as required by law.

PART I – FINANCIAL INFORMATION

 

Item 1. Financial Statements (Unaudited)

 

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NETMANAGE, INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(In thousands, except share amounts)

(Unaudited)

 

     September 30,
2007
    December 31,
2006
 
ASSETS     

Current assets:

    

Cash and cash equivalents

   $ 4,734     $ 8,306  

Short-term investments

     20,981       19,740  

Accounts receivable, net of allowances of $114 and $124, respectively

     5,340       10,186  

Prepaid expenses and other current assets

     906       1,369  
                

Total current assets

     31,961       39,601  
                

Property and equipment, at cost:

    

Computer software and equipment

     2,145       1,637  

Furniture and fixtures

     2,990       2,805  

Leasehold improvements

     416       813  
                
     5,551       5,255  

Less-accumulated depreciation and amortization

     (3,952 )     (3,012 )
                

Net property and equipment

     1,599       2,243  
                

Goodwill

     3,648       3,648  

Other intangible assets, net

     810       1,099  

Long-term investments

     —         600  

Other assets

     194       162  
                

Total assets

   $ 38,212     $ 47,353  
                
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY     

Current liabilities:

    

Accounts payable

   $ 848     $ 1,587  

Accrued liabilities

     1,843       2,059  

Accrued payroll and related expenses

     2,142       2,396  

Deferred revenue

     12,261       15,927  

Income taxes payable

     45       245  
                

Total current liabilities

     17,139       22,214  
                

Long-term liabilities:

    

Deferred revenue

     1,248       3,320  

Long-term income taxes payable

     189       —    

Other long-term liabilities

     736       642  
                

Total long-term liabilities

     2,173       3,962  
                

Total liabilities

     19,312       26,176  
                

Commitments and contingencies (Note 5)

    

Stockholders’ equity:

    

Preferred stock, $0.01 par value - Authorized - 1,000,000 shares. No shares issued and outstanding.

     —         —    

Common stock, $0.01 par value - Authorized - 36,000,000 shares. Issued - 11,655,751 and 11,595,555 shares, respectively. Outstanding - 9,578,903 and 9,518,707 shares, respectively.

     117       116  

Treasury stock, at cost - 2,076,848 shares

     (20,804 )     (20,804 )

Additional paid in capital

     183,642       182,945  

Accumulated deficit

     (140,190 )     (137,243 )

Accumulated other comprehensive loss

     (3,865 )     (3,837 )
                

Total stockholders’ equity

     18,900       21,177  
                

Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity

   $ 38,212     $ 47,353  
                

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

 

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NETMANAGE, INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS

(In thousands, except per share amounts)

(Unaudited)

 

     Three Months Ended
September 30,
    Nine Months Ended
September 30,
 
     2007     2006     2007     2006  

Net revenues:

        

License fees

   $ 2,483     $ 3,694     $ 7,057     $ 9,596  

Services

     6,185       5,700       18,081       17,316  
                                

Total net revenues

     8,668       9,394       25,138       26,912  
                                

Cost of revenues:

        

License fees

     259       176       793       591  

Services

     901       867       2,463       2,516  

Amortization of developed technology

     81       70       244       210  
                                

Total cost of revenues

     1,241       1,113       3,500       3,317  
                                

Gross margin

     7,427       8,281       21,638       23,595  
                                

Operating expenses:

        

Research and development

     1,367       1,770       4,761       5,524  

Sales and marketing

     4,610       4,946       14,390       15,176  

General and administrative

     1,426       1,480       4,519       4,728  

Litigation settlement

     (11 )     —         (929 )     —    

Restructuring charge (recoveries)

     (281 )     72       2,302       97  

Amortization of intangible assets

     15       105       45       315  
                                

Total operating expenses

     7,126       8,373       25,088       25,840  
                                

Income (loss) from operations

     301       (92 )     (3,450 )     (2,245 )

Interest income (expense) and other, net

     331       281       959       821  

Foreign currency transaction loss

     (139 )     (111 )     (348 )     (133 )
                                

Income (loss) before income taxes

     493       78       (2,839 )     (1,557 )

Provision for income taxes

     37       45       108       63  
                                

Net income (loss)

   $ 456     $ 33     $ (2,947 )   $ (1,620 )
                                

Net income (loss) per share:

        

Basic

   $ 0.05     $ 0.00     $ (0.31 )   $ (0.17 )

Diluted

   $ 0.05     $ 0.00     $ (0.31 )   $ (0.17 )

Weighted average common shares:

        

Basic

     9,576       9,443       9,560       9,420  

Diluted

     9,723       9,728       9,560       9,420  

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

 

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NETMANAGE, INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)

(In thousands)

(Unaudited)

 

     Three Months Ended
September 30,
    Nine Months Ended
September 30,
 
     2007     2006     2007     2006  

Net income (loss)

   $ 456     $ 33     $ (2,947 )   $ (1,620 )

Other comprehensive income (loss):

        

Foreign currency translation adjustments, net

     (76 )     (77 )     (29 )     (106 )
                                

Total comprehensive income (loss)

   $ 380     $ (44 )   $ (2,976 )   $ (1,726 )
                                

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

 

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NETMANAGE, INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(In thousands)

(Unaudited)

 

     Nine months ended
September 30,
 
     2007     2006  

Cash flows from operating activities:

    

Net loss

   $ (2,947 )   $ (1,620 )

Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash provided by (used in) operating activities:

    

Depreciation and amortization

     984       1,360  

Loss on disposal of property, plant and equipment

     210       28  

Provision for doubtful accounts and returns

     63       (76 )

Share-based compensation expense

     511       501  

Changes in operating assets and liabilities:

    

Accounts receivable

     4,840       5,573  

Prepaid expenses and other current assets

     487       (120 )

Other assets

     2       33  

Accounts payable

     (743 )     (3 )

Accrued liabilities, payroll and payroll-related expenses

     (749 )     (684 )

Deferred revenue

     (5,972 )     391  

Income taxes payable

     (13 )     (39 )

Other long-term liabilities

     54       (94 )
                

Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities

     (3,273 )     5,250  
                

Cash flows from investing activities:

    

Purchases of short-term investments

     (48,081 )     (24,889 )

Proceeds from sales and maturities of short-term investments

     47,413       18,925  

Purchases of property and equipment

     (276 )     (417 )

Other

     —         49  
                

Net cash used in investing activities

     (944 )     (6,332 )
                

Cash flows from financing activities:

    

Proceeds from sale of common stock

     186       170  

Proceeds from investor profit returned to Company

     —         12  
                

Net cash provided by financing activities

     186       182  
                

Effect of exchange rate changes on cash

     459       318  
                

Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents

     (3,572 )     (582 )

Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period

     8,306       7,530  
                

Cash and cash equivalents, end of period

   $ 4,734     $ 6,948  
                

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

 

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NETMANAGE, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

1. Interim financial data:

The accompanying interim unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements of NetManage, Inc. and subsidiaries (the “Company” or “NetManage”) have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“generally accepted accounting principles”) for interim financial information and in accordance with the instructions to Form 10-Q and Rule 10-01 of Regulation S-X. Accordingly, they do not contain all of the information and footnotes required by generally accepted accounting principles for complete financial statements. In the opinion of management, the accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements reflect all adjustments (consisting only of normal recurring adjustments) considered necessary for a fair presentation. Actual results for fiscal year 2007 could differ materially from those reported in this quarterly report on Form 10-Q. The Company believes the results of operations for interim periods are subject to fluctuation and may not be an indicator of future financial performance. The financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited financial statements and notes thereto, included in the Company’s annual report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2006, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on April 2, 2007 and as amended on April 30, 2007.

2. Summary of significant accounting policies:

Principles of consolidation

The condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its wholly-owned subsidiaries. All inter-company accounts and transactions have been eliminated.

Use of estimates

The preparation of condensed consolidated financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the condensed consolidated financial statements, and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

Foreign currency translation, foreign exchange contracts and comprehensive income (loss)

The functional currency of the Company’s foreign subsidiaries is the local currency. Gains and losses resulting from the translation of the foreign subsidiaries’ financial statements are included in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) and reported as a separate component of stockholders’ equity. Gains and losses resulting from foreign currency transactions are included in net income (loss).

The Company currently does not enter into financial instruments for either trading or speculative purposes. There were no forward foreign exchange contracts used during the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2007 and 2006.

Total comprehensive income (loss) is comprised of net income (loss) and other comprehensive earnings (losses) such as foreign currency translation gains or losses and unrealized gains or losses on available-for-sale marketable securities.

Cash and cash equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents includes all money deposited with financial institutions that can be withdrawn without notice and all short-term, highly liquid investments that are readily convertible to cash.

Investments

The Company accounts for its investments under the provisions of the Financial Accounting Standards Board’s (FASB) Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (SFAS) No. 115, Accounting for Certain Investments in Debt and Equity Securities . Under SFAS No. 115, the Company’s investments are classified as either available-for-sale or held-to-maturity securities. All available-for-sale securities are reported at fair value and held-to-maturity investments are valued using the amortized cost method. For available-for-sale securities, any unrealized gains and losses, net of tax, are reported in the condensed consolidated balance sheet as “Accumulated other comprehensive loss.”

 

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The following table summarizes the Company’s cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments as of September 30, 2007 (in thousands):

 

     Amortized
Cost
    Unrealized
Gain
   Unrealized
Losses
    Fair
Value
 

Cash and cash equivalents:

         

Cash

   $ 4,734     $ —      $ —       $ 4,734  
                               

Total cash and cash equivalents

   $ 4,734     $ —      $ —       $ 4,734  
                               

Held-to-maturity investments:

         

Corporate bonds

   $ 10,016     $ 3    $ (4 )   $ 10,015  

Taxable municipal bonds

     2,483       3      —         2,486  

Government bonds

     2,510       1      (5 )     2,506  

Commercial paper

     5,961       —        —         5,961  

Time deposits

     11       —        —         11  

Restricted cash deposits

     148       —        —         148  
                               

Total investments

     21,129       7      (9 )     21,127  

Less amounts classified as other assets

     (148 )     —        —         (148 )
                               

Total short-term investments

   $ 20,981     $ 7    $ (9 )   $ 20,979  
                               

The following table summarizes the Company’s cash, cash equivalents, short-term and long-term investments as of December 31, 2006 (in thousands):

 

     Amortized
Cost
    Unrealized
Gain
   Unrealized
Losses
    Fair
Value
 

Cash and cash equivalents:

         

Cash

   $ 7,840     $ —      $ —       $ 7,840  

Cash equivalents

     466       —        —         466  
                               

Total cash and cash equivalents

   $ 8,306     $ —      $ —       $ 8,306  
                               

Held-to-maturity investments:

         

Corporate bonds

   $ 17,555     $ 2    $ (6 )   $ 17,551  

Taxable municipal bonds

     2,073       —        (3 )     2,070  

Government bonds

     200          —         200  

Commercial paper

     495       —        —         495  

Time deposits

     17       —        —         17  

Restricted cash deposits

     90       —        —         90  
                               

Total investments

     20,430       2      (9 )     20,423  

Less amounts classified as other assets

     (90 )     —        —         (90 )

Less amounts classified as long-term investments

     (600 )     —        —         (600 )
                               

Total short-term investments

   $ 19,740     $ 2    $ (9 )   $ 19,733  
                               

The contractual maturity dates for held-to-maturity securities and time deposits as of September 30, 2007 are all within the next twelve months.

 

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Property and equipment

Property and equipment are recorded at cost. Improvements, renewals and extraordinary repairs that extend the lives of the asset are capitalized; other repairs and maintenance are expensed as incurred. Depreciation and amortization is computed using the straight-line method over the following estimated useful lives:

 

Classification

  

Life

Computer software and equipment    2 to 3 years
Furniture and fixtures    5 years
Leasehold improvements    Shorter of the lease term or the estimated useful life

Depreciation and amortization expense for the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2007 was $0.2 million and $0.7 million, respectively. Depreciation and amortization expense for the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2006 was $0.3 million and approximately $0.8 million, respectively.

Goodwill and other intangible assets, net

NetManage reviews for impairment of long-lived assets and certain identifiable intangibles whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. NetManage evaluates possible impairment of long-lived assets using estimates of undiscounted future cash flows. Impairment loss to be recognized is measured as the amount by which the carrying amount of the asset exceeds the fair value of the asset. Management evaluates the fair value of long-lived assets and intangibles using primarily the estimated discounted future cash flows method.

Goodwill and other assets with indefinite lives are not amortized but are reviewed for impairment under SFAS No. 142, Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets . NetManage performs an annual impairment review during the fourth quarter of each year or whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. Under SFAS No. 142, goodwill impairment may exist if the net book value of a reporting unit exceeds its estimated fair value.

The following table provides a summary of the carrying amounts of other intangible assets that will continue to be amortized (in thousands):

 

       September 30,
2007
    December 31,
2006
 

Carrying amount of:

    

Developed technology

   $ 1,535     $ 1,535  

Trade names

     300       300  
                

Gross carrying amount of other intangible assets

     1,835       1,835  

Less accumulated amortization:

    

Developed technology

     (850 )     (606 )

Trade names

     (175 )     (130 )
                

Net carrying amount of other intangible assets

   $ 810     $ 1,099  
                

The remaining net carrying amount of other intangible assets is expected to be amortized as follows (in thousands):

 

Year

   Amortization
Expense

Remainder of 2007 (three months)

   $ 96

2008

     385

2009

     329
      
   $ 810
      

The aggregate amortization expense for the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2007 was $0.1 million and $0.3 million, respectively. For the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2006 the aggregate amortization expense was $0.2 million and $0.5 million, respectively.

 

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Accrued liabilities

Accrued liabilities at September 30, 2007 and December 31, 2006 consisted of the following (in thousands):

 

Description

   September 30,
2007
   December 31,
2006

Current restructuring (see Note 3)

   $ 774    $ 60

Other accruals

     1,069      1,999
             

Total accrued liabilities

   $ 1,843    $ 2,059
             

Other Long-term liabilities

Other Long-term liabilities at September 30, 2007 and December 31, 2006 consisted of the following (in thousands):

 

Description

   September 30,
2007
   December 31,
2006

Long-term restructuring (see Note 3)

   $ 471    $ 297

Long-term other

     265      345
             

Other long-term liabilities

   $ 736    $ 642
             

Concentrations of credit risk

Financial instruments, which potentially subject NetManage to concentrations of credit risk, consist principally of cash investments and trade receivables. NetManage has a cash investment policy that limits the amount of credit exposure to any one issuer and restricts placement of these investments to issuers evaluated as less than creditworthy. Concentrations of credit risk with respect to trade receivables are limited due to the large number of customers comprising NetManage’s customer base and their dispersion across many different industries and geographies. No single customer accounted for more than 10% of accounts receivable as of September 30, 2007 and December 31, 2006. There were no customers that accounted for more than 10% of consolidated net revenues in the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2007 and 2006.

Net income (loss) per share

Basic net income (loss) per share data has been computed using the weighted-average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the indicated periods. Diluted net income (loss) per share data has been computed using the weighted-average number of shares of common stock and potential dilutive common shares. Potential dilutive common shares include dilutive shares issuable upon the exercise of outstanding common stock options computed using the treasury stock method.

For the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2007 and 2006, potentially dilutive securities, consisting of applicable stock options, are as shown in the following table. In the period in which a net loss is recorded, the potentially dilutive securities are not included in the computation of diluted net loss per share because to do so would be anti-dilutive.

 

     Three Months Ended
September 30,
   Nine Months Ended
September 30,
     2007    2006    2007    2006

Potentially dilutive shares (in thousands)

   147    285    177    320

The following table sets forth the computation of basic and diluted net income (loss) per share for the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2007 and 2006 (in thousands, except per share amounts):

 

     Three Months Ended
September 30,
   Nine Months Ended
September 30,
 
     2007    2006    2007     2006  

Net income (loss)

   $ 456    $ 33    $ (2,947 )   $ (1,620 )
                              

Shares used to compute basic net income (loss) per share

     9,576      9,443      9,560       9,420  

Potentially dilutive shares used to compute net income per share on a diluted basis

     147      285      —         —    
                              

Shares used to compute diluted net income (loss) per share

     9,723      9,728      9,560       9,420  

Net income (loss) per share:

          

Basic

   $ 0.05    $ 0.00    $ (0.31 )   $ (0.17 )

Diluted

   $ 0.05    $ 0.00    $ (0.31 )   $ (0.17 )

 

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Revenue recognition

NetManage derives revenue primarily from two sources: (1) product revenue, which includes software license and royalty revenue, and (2) support and services revenue, which includes software license maintenance and, to a lesser extent, consulting services. NetManage licenses its software products on a term and a perpetual basis. Its term-based arrangements are primarily for a period of 12 months. NetManage also licenses its software in both source code and object code format. NetManage applies the provisions of the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants (AICPA) Statement of Position (SOP) 97-2, Software Revenue Recognition, and related amendments and interpretations to all transactions involving the licensing of software products.

NetManage recognizes revenue from the sale of software licenses to end users and resellers when the following criteria are met: persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists, the product has been delivered, the fee is fixed or determinable, and collection of the resulting receivable is reasonably assured. Delivery occurs when the product is delivered to a common carrier or when a software key has been transmitted to the customer.

Product is sold, without the right of return, except for distributor inventory rotation of old or excess product. Certain sales are made to North American distributors under agreements allowing rights of return and price protection on unsold merchandise. Accordingly, the Company defers recognition of such sales until the distributor sells the merchandise. NetManage recognizes sales to international resellers upon shipment, provided all other revenue recognition criteria have been met. NetManage gives rebates to customers on a limited basis. Both returns and rebates are included in the Company’s Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations as a reduction of revenue.

At the time of the transaction, the Company assesses whether the fee associated with a revenue transaction is fixed or determinable and whether or not collection is reasonably assured. NetManage assesses whether the fee is fixed or determinable based on the payment terms associated with the transaction. If a significant portion of a fee is due after its normal payment terms, the Company accounts for the fee as not being fixed or determinable. In these cases, the Company recognizes revenue as the fees become due if the customer is credit-worthy or upon receipt of payment if the customer is not credit-worthy.

NetManage assesses whether or not collection is reasonably assured based on a number of factors, including past transaction history with the customer and the credit-worthiness of the customer. The Company does not request collateral from its customers. If collection of a fee is not reasonably assured, the Company recognizes revenue at the time collection becomes reasonably assured, which is generally upon receipt of payment.

For all sales, except those completed over the Internet, NetManage uses either a binding purchase order or equivalent customer commitment or signed license agreement as evidence of an arrangement. For sales over the Internet, it uses a credit card authorization as evidence of an arrangement. Sales through the Company’s distributors are evidenced by a master agreement governing the relationship together with binding purchase orders on a transaction-by-transaction basis.

For arrangements with multiple elements (for example, undelivered maintenance and support), the Company allocates revenue to each element of the arrangement based on vendor-specific objective evidence (VSOE) of the fair value of the undelivered elements. This means that revenue is deferred from the arrangement fee equivalent to the fair value of the undelivered elements. Fair values for the ongoing maintenance and support obligations are generally based upon separate sales of renewals to other customers or upon renewal rates quoted in the sales contracts. Fair value of services, such as training or consulting, is based upon separate sales of these services to other customers. However, if an arrangement includes an acceptance provision, acceptance occurs upon the earlier of receipt of a written customer acceptance or expiration of the acceptance period.

Service revenues are derived from providing customers with software updates for existing software products, user documentation and technical support under annual service agreements. These revenues are recognized ratably over the terms of such agreements. If such services are included in the initial licensing fee, the value of the services, determined based on VSOE of fair value, is unbundled and recognized ratably over the related service period. Service revenues derived from consulting and training are deferred and recognized when the services are performed and collection is deemed probable. To date, consulting revenue has not been significant.

 

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Income taxes

The Company accounts for income taxes under the liability method. Under the liability method, deferred tax assets and liabilities are determined based on differences between the financial reporting and tax bases of assets and liabilities and are measured using the enacted tax rates and laws that will be in effect when the differences are expected to reverse. The Company is required to adjust its deferred tax liabilities in the period when tax rates or the provisions of the income tax laws change. Valuation allowances are established when necessary to reduce deferred tax assets to amounts that, more likely than not, are expected to be realized.

As part of the process of preparing condensed consolidated financial statements, the Company is required to estimate income taxes in each of the jurisdictions in which the Company operates. This process requires the Company to estimate its actual current tax exposure together with assessing temporary differences resulting from differing treatment of items, such as deferred revenue, for tax and accounting purposes. These differences result in deferred tax assets and liabilities, which are included within the condensed consolidated balance sheet. The Company must then assess the likelihood that its deferred tax assets will be recovered from future taxable income and to the extent it believes that recovery is not likely, a valuation allowance is established. Any adjustment to the valuation allowance in a period is recorded in the tax provision in the Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations.

NetManage adopted FASB Interpretation (FIN) No. 48, Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes – an Interpretation of FASB Statement No. 109 (FIN 48) on January 1, 2007. This interpretation clarifies the accounting for uncertainty in income taxes recognized in an enterprise’s financial statements in accordance with SFAS No. 109 and prescribes a minimum recognition threshold of more-likely-than-not to be sustained upon examination that a tax position must meet before being recognized in the financial statements. Under FIN 48, the impact of an uncertain income tax position on the income tax return must be recognized at the largest amount that is more-likely-than-not to be sustained upon audit by the relevant taxing authority. An uncertain income tax position will not be recognized if it has less than a 50% likelihood of being sustained. Additionally, FIN 48 provides guidance on de-recognition, measurement, classification, interest and penalties, accounting in interim periods, disclosure and transition.

As a result of the adoption of FIN 48, the Company recognized a $23.1 million decrease in the deferred tax assets for unrecognized tax benefits related to tax positions taken in prior periods. This amount was fully offset by a valuation allowance. As such, this decrease has no impact to retained earnings in accordance with the provisions of FIN 48. At the adoption date, we had $24.1 million of unrecognized tax benefits, of which $24.0 million would affect the Company’s effective tax rate if recognized, without consideration of the related valuation allowance previously recorded. The Company did not recognize any adjustment to reserves for uncertain tax positions as a result of the implementation of FIN 48. Additionally, the Company reclassified $178,000 from current taxes payable to long-term taxes payable as of the adoption date. During the first three quarters of 2007, the Company’s FIN 48 reserve increased by $37,000, including $3,000 of accrued interest. The Company does not anticipate any unrecognized tax benefits in the next twelve months that would result in a material change to its financial position.

During the first three quarters of 2007 the Company recognized a $489,000 decrease in the deferred tax assets for unrecognized tax benefits related to tax positions taken in current period. This amount was fully offset by a valuation allowance.

The Company includes interest and penalties recognized in accordance with FIN 48 in the financial statements as a component of income tax expense. The Company had $11,000 of accrued interest at December 31, 2006.

Although the Company files U.S. federal, U.S. state, and foreign tax returns, the Company’s major tax jurisdictions are the U.S., Canada and Israel. The Company’s 1998-2006 tax years remain subject to examination by the IRS for U.S. federal tax purposes and the Company’s 2002-2006 tax years remain subject to examination by the appropriate governmental agencies for Canada and Israel tax purposes.

Share-based compensation

The fair value of the Company’s stock options granted to employees for the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2007 and 2006, respectively, was estimated using the following weighted-average assumptions:

 

     Three Months Ended
September 30,
   Three Months Ended
September 30,
   Nine Months Ended
September 30,
  

Nine Months Ended

September 30,

     2007    2006    2007    2006

Expected Term

   5.96 years    5.96 years    5.96 years    5.96 years

Volatility

   48.39-49.01%    53.95-54.52%    48.39-52.03%    53.95-59.48%

Risk-free interest rate

   4.31-4.64%    4.59-4.93%    4.31-4.94%    4.36-5.21%

Dividend yield

   0.00%    0.00%    0.00%    0.00%

Weighted average fair value (per share)

   $2.26    $2.45    $2.50    $3.24

 

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Share-based compensation expense

Cost of revenues and operating expenses for the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2007 and 2006, respectively includes share based compensation related to the adoption of SFAS No. 123(R), Share-Based Payment (SFAS 123(R)).

 

     Three Months Ended
September 30,
   Nine Months Ended
September 30,
     2007    2006    2007    2006

Cost of revenues:

           

License fees

   $ 3    $ 2    $ 9    $ 6

Services

     12      13      39      35
                           

Additional expense recorded as cost of revenues

     15      15      48      41
                           

Operating expenses:

           

Research and development

     53      51      159      140

Sales and marketing

     76      85      226      230

General and administrative

     31      29      78      90
                           

Additional expense recorded as operating expenses

     160      165      463      460
                           

Additional expense from operations

   $ 175    $ 180    $ 511    $ 501
                           

As required by SFAS 123(R), management made an estimate of expected forfeitures and is recognizing compensation costs only for those equity awards expected to vest.

At September 30, 2007, the total compensation cost related to unvested share-based awards granted to employees and directors under the Company’s stock option plans but not yet recognized was approximately $0.9 million, net of estimated forfeitures of $1.0 million. This cost will be amortized on a straight-line basis over a weighted-average period of approximately 2.8 years and will be adjusted for subsequent changes in estimated forfeitures.

Stock options and awards activity

The following is a summary of option activity for our stock option plans for the three month period ended September 30, 2007 (in thousands, except per share amounts):

 

     Number of
Shares
    Weighted
Average
Exercise Price
  

Weighted

Average

Remaining

Contractual

Term in Years

   Aggregate
Intrinsic Value

Outstanding at June 30, 2007

   1,594     $ 5.13      

Granted

   118       4.32      

Exercised

   (7 )     1.85      

Forfeitures and cancellations

   (83 )     5.37      
              

Outstanding at September 30, 2007

   1,622     $ 5.08    6.44    $ 347
                        

Vested and expected to vest at September 30, 2007

   1,367     $ 5.06    6.07    $ 347
                        

Exercisable at September 30, 2007

   1,063     $ 5.04    5.35    $ 347
                        

 

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The following is a summary of option activity for our stock option plans for the nine month period ended September 30, 2007 (in thousands, except per share amounts):

 

     Number of
Shares
    Weighted
Average
Exercise Price
   Weighted
Average
Remaining
Contractual
Term in Years
   Aggregate
Intrinsic Value

Outstanding at December 31, 2006

   1,595     $ 5.16      

Granted

   301       4.71      

Exercised

   (60 )     3.10      

Forfeitures and cancellations

   (214 )     5.76      
              

Outstanding at September 30, 2007

   1,622     $ 5.08    6.44    $ 347
                        

Vested and expected to vest at September 30, 2007

   1,367     $ 5.06    6.07    $ 347
                        

Exercisable at September 30, 2007

   1,063     $ 5.04    5.35    $ 347
                        

The aggregate intrinsic value is calculated as the difference between the exercise price of the underlying awards and the market price of the Company’s common stock for the 1.1 million exercisable options where the market price was higher than the exercise price at September 30, 2007.

The aggregate intrinsic value of options exercised under the Company’s stock option plans, determined as of the date of the option exercise, was $14,051 and $40,142, respectively, for the three month periods ended September 30, 2007 and 2006, respectively. For the nine month periods ended September 30, 2007 and 2006, respectively, the aggregate intrinsic value of options exercised under the Company’s stock option plans, determined as of the date of the option exercise, was $119,529 and $133,479, respectively.

Recent accounting pronouncements

In February 2007, The Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 159, The Fair Value Option for Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities – Including an amendment of FASB Statement No. 115 (SFAS No. 159). SFAS No. 159 expands the use of fair value accounting but does not affect existing standards which require assets or liabilities to be carried at fair value. The objective of SFAS No. 159 is to improve financial reporting by providing companies with the opportunity to mitigate volatility in reported earnings caused by measuring related assets and liabilities differently without having to apply complex hedge accounting provisions. Under SFAS No. 159, a company may elect to use fair value to measure eligible items at specified election dates and report unrealized gains and losses on items for which the fair value option has been elected in earnings at each subsequent reporting date. Eligible items include, but are not limited to, accounts and loans receivable, available-for-sale and held-to-maturity securities, equity method investments, accounts payable, guarantees, issued debt and firm commitments. If elected, SFAS No. 159 is effective for fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2007. The Company is currently assessing whether fair value accounting is appropriate for any of its eligible items and cannot estimate the impact, if any, on its results of operations and financial position.

In September 2006, the FASB issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 157, Fair Value Measurements (SFAS 157). SFAS 157 defines fair value, establishes guidelines for measuring fair value and expands disclosure requirements regarding fair value measurements. SFAS 157 does not require any new fair value measurements but simply eliminates inconsistencies in guidance as found in various prior accounting pronouncements. SFAS 157 is effective for fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2007, however earlier adoption is permitted, provided the Company has not yet issued financial statements, including interim periods, for that fiscal year. The Company is evaluating the requirements of SFAS 157 but does not expect that the adoption of SFAS 157 will have a significant impact on its Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

In September 2006, the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) issued Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 108 Considering the Effects of Prior Year Misstatements When Quantifying Misstatements in Current Year Financial Statements , (SAB 108). SAB 108 provides interpretive guidance on the consideration of the effects of prior year misstatements in quantifying current year misstatements for the purpose of materiality assessment. SAB 108 requires that registrants consider both a ‘rollover’ method that focuses on the income statement impact of misstatements and the ‘iron curtain’ method that focuses on the balance sheet impact of misstatements. In the year of adoption, SAB 108 allows a one-time cumulative effect transition adjustment for errors that were not previously considered material, but are material under the provisions of SAB 108. SAB 108 must be applied to annual financial statements for fiscal years ending after November 15, 2006. The adoption of SAB 108 did not have an impact on the consolidated financial statements.

 

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In June 2006, the FASB issued FASB Interpretation (FIN) No. 48, Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes – an Interpretation of FASB Statement No. 109 (FIN 48) which clarifies the accounting for uncertainty in tax positions. This interpretation requires the Company to recognize in its financial statements the impact of a tax position if that position is more likely than not of being sustained on audit, based on the technical merits of the position. The provisions of FIN 48 are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2006, with the cumulative effect of the change in accounting principle recorded as an adjustment to opening retained earnings. The Company adopted the provisions of FIN 48 on January 1, 2007. Upon implementing FIN 48 and performing the analysis, the Company did not recognize any increase or decrease to reserves for uncertain tax positions.

3. Restructuring charges (recoveries):

The Company accrues for restructuring costs when it makes a commitment to a firm exit plan that specifically identifies all significant actions to be taken in conjunction with its response to a change in its strategic plan, product demand, expense structure or other factors such as the date it ceases to use a facility. The Company reassesses its prior restructuring accruals on a quarterly basis to reflect changes in the costs of its restructuring activities, and the Company records new restructuring accruals as commitments are made. Estimates are based on anticipated costs of such restructuring activities and are subject to change.

On February 22, 2007, the Company implemented a restructuring of operations designed to align its business units with its core business functions, to relocate certain of its functional operations, and to reduce operating expenses. As part of the restructuring, the Company reduced its workforce in excess of 10% and recorded a $2.0 million charge to operating expenses in the first three quarters of 2007. The distribution of this reduction in workforce is as follows:

 

     Terminations

Services

   2

Research and development

   14

Sales and marketing

   7

General and administrative

   5
    

Total

   28
    

The restructuring charge included approximately $1.0 million of expenses related to facilities no longer needed as of September 30, 2007 for company operations and approximately $1.3 million of employee and other-related expenses for employee terminations. The execution of the restructuring actions will require total cash expenditures of $2.3 million. These restructuring costs are expected to be funded from internal operations and existing cash balances. In the third quarter of 2007, the Company received a release of liability for leased office space in Ottawa, Canada. The release of liability resulted in the reduction of approximately $215,000 from the February 2007 restructuring reserve and approximately $126,000 and $40,000 of deferred rent respectively from other long-term liabilities and accrued liabilities respectively.

As of September 30, 2007, the Company had incurred costs totaling approximately $2.0 million related to the restructuring, which required approximately $1.2 million in cash expenditures. The remaining reserve related to this restructuring which is included in the accrued liabilities is approximately $788,000 of which $669,000 is included in accrued liabilities and $119,000 is included in long-term liabilities.

The following table lists the components of the February 2007 restructuring reserve for the nine month period ended September 30, 2007 (in thousands):

 

     Employee
Costs
    Excess
Facilities
    Total  

Balance at December 31, 2006

   $ —       $ —       $ —    

Initial reserve established

     979       994       1,973  

Change in estimated restructuring charge previously recorded

     —         (221 )     (221 )

Additional reserve established during the second and third quarters of 2007

     346       —         346  

Reserve utilized in nine months ended September 30, 2007

     (577 )     (733 )     (1,310 )
                        

Balance at September 30, 2007

   $ 748     $ 40     $ 788  
                        

On January 31, 2003, the Company announced a restructuring of its operations in response to the sluggish North America and European economies. The Company concluded that it was necessary to refocus its operations and reduce its operating expenses and initially recorded $3.2 million in restructuring charges to its operating expenses. The Company subsequently recorded a reduction to the restructuring charge of $0.3 million primarily related to a sublease in Ottawa, Canada and for employee severance costs in Europe. The Company anticipates that the execution of the restructuring actions

 

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will require total cash expenditures of $2.8 million, which is expected to be funded from operations and existing cash balances. In the three month period ended March 31, 2006, the Company recorded an increase in the restructuring charge of $7,000 as an adjustment to the expected facility obligations in Ottawa, Canada. As of September 30, 2007, the Company had incurred net costs totaling $2.8 million related to the restructuring, which has required $2.8 million in cash expenditures. As of September 30, 2007, there are no more obligations for restructuring reserve related to the January 2003 restructuring.

The following table lists the components of the January 2003 restructuring reserve for the nine month period ended September 30, 2007 (in thousands):

 

     Excess
Facilities
 

Balance at December 31, 2006

   $ 25  

Change in estimate recorded in restructuring charge in the nine month period ended September 30, 2007

     (14 )

Reserve utilized during the nine month period ended September 30, 2007

     (11 )
        

Balance at September 30, 2007

   $ —    
        

In August 1998, following the acquisition of FTP Software Inc. (FTP), the Company initiated a plan to restructure its worldwide operations as a result of business conditions and in connection with the integration of the operations of FTP. In connection with this plan, the Company recorded a $7.0 million charge to operating expenses in 1998. For the nine month period ended September 30, 2007, the Company recorded a change in estimate of $353,000. The change in estimate is composed of adjustments to expected lease, sublease and associated obligations related to the Birmingham, U.K. facility and related foreign exchange adjustments on the long-term lease commitments and related sublease income. The remaining reserve related to this restructuring at September 30, 2007 is $457,000 of which $105,000 is included in accrued liabilities and $352,000 is included in long-term liabilities.

The following table lists the components of the FTP restructuring reserve for the nine month period ended September 30, 2007 (in thousands):

 

     Excess
Facilities
 

Balance at December 31, 2006

   $ 332  

Change in estimate recorded in restructuring charge in the nine month period ended September 30, 2007

     354  

Reserve utilized during the nine month period ended September 30, 2007

     (229 )
        

Balance at September 30, 2007

   $ 457  
        

4. Segment information

The Company operates in one reportable segment as defined by Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 131, Disclosures About Segments of an Enterprise and Related Information . The Company designs, develops, markets and sells software products involving both client-side and server-side solutions. NetManage’s chief operating decision maker is its Chief Executive Officer. The Company has operations worldwide, with sales offices located in the United States, Europe, Canada, and Israel. Revenues outside of North America (United States and Canada) as a percentage of total net revenues were approximately 36% and 40% for each of the three month periods ended September 30, 2007 and 2006, respectively and were 37% and 36% for each of the nine months ended September 30, 2007 and 2006, respectively.

The following is a summary of revenues by geographic region based on customer location (in thousands):

 

     Three Months Ended
September 30,
   Nine Months Ended
September 30,
     2007    2006    2007    2006

Net revenues:

           

North America operations

   $ 5,532    $ 5,598    $ 15,722    $ 17,291

European operations

     3,006      3,648      8,888      9,032

Latin America operations

     34      60      142      261

Asian operations

     96      88      386      328
                           

Total net revenues

   $ 8,668    $ 9,394    $ 25,138    $ 26,912
                           

 

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5. Commitments and contingencies:

Legal proceedings

Litigation settlement for the nine month period ended September 30, 2007 in the amount of $929,000 includes $918,000 that was received by the Company during the second quarter of 2007 in connection with the settlement of litigation filed by the Company in 2003 and from $11,000 that was received by the Company during the third quarter of 2007 in connection with the settlement of a complaint filed in 2005. These settlements are reflected as a reduction of operating expenses.

The Company is party to various legal proceedings and asserted claims, and may be party to unasserted claims including proceedings and claims that may relate to acquisitions we have completed or to companies we have acquired. While the outcome of these matters cannot be predicted with certainty, the Company does not believe that the outcome of any of these potential claims will have a material adverse effect on the consolidated financial position, results of operations or cash flow.

Leases

Facilities and equipment are leased under non-cancelable operating leases expiring on various dates through the year 2011. The Company has a single capital equipment lease. As of September 30, 2007, future minimum rental and lease payments, primarily for facilities net of any sublease income, under non-cancelable operating and capital leases are as follows (in thousands):

 

     Amount of commitment expiration per period
     Total    Less Than 12
Months
   13-24
Months
   25-36
Months
   More Than
36 Months

Capital lease

   $ 21    $ 7    $ 7    $ 7    $ —  

Operating leases

     5,067      1,964      1,562      798      743
                                  

Total

   $ 5,088    $ 1,971    $ 1,569    $ 805    $ 743
                                  

Other

As an element of its standard commercial terms, the Company includes an indemnification clause in its software licensing agreements that indemnifies the licensee against liability and damages (including legal defense costs) arising from any claims of patent, copyright, trademark, or trade secret infringement by its software. The Company’s indemnification limitation is the cost to defend any third party claim brought against its customers, and to the maximum, a refund of the purchase price. To date, the Company has not experienced any claims related to its indemnification provisions and therefore has not established an indemnification loss reserve. The Company licenses its software products on a term and a perpetual basis.

6. Related party transactions

On July 19, 2007, the Company entered into an independent contractor services agreement with Dr. Shelley Harrison, a director of the Company, pursuant to which Dr. Harrison will receive compensation in consideration for consultancy and advisory services to the Company. The terms of the agreement require the Company to pay Dr. Harrison a fixed fee of $150,000 per year, and a one time grant to Dr. Harrison of an option to purchase 100,000 shares under the 1999 Plan, at an exercise price of $4.33 per share (which represents the quoted market price of the stock at the date of grant). The option will vest on a monthly basis over a four-year term and expires ten years from the date of issuance. The fair value of the 100,000 options from the 1999 Plan was determined using the Black-Scholes option pricing model with the following assumptions: stock price $4.33; no dividends; risk free interest rate of 4.64%; volatility of 0.4901; and a contractual life of ten years.

The fair value of the option is subject to change over the vesting period of the option based on changes in the underlying assumptions. For the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2007, the Company recorded approximately $7,000 in compensation expense under this agreement and recorded total aggregate cash and non-cash compensation of approximately $45,000 included in General and Administrative expense in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations.

 

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7. Subsequent events

In October 2007 the Compensation Committee approved a Severance and Retention plan (the “Plan”). The Plan provides for the retention and severance benefits for executives, including the CEO, and other key employees consisting of stock option grants and cash bonuses for the next two years. In connection with the Plan, the Company granted approximately 197,000 options to 16 employees. Under the terms of the Plan eligible employees will received a bonus of 25% of base salary on the first anniversary of the Plan and 50% of base salary on the second anniversary if employed by the Company on those anniversary dates. The Company will accrue for the cash bonuses over the two year period and amortize the compensation expense associated with the stock option grants under SFAS 123R.

 

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Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

Overview

NetManage, Inc., a Delaware corporation, was founded in 1990 and became a public company in 1993. We are headquartered in Cupertino, California and have sales and support offices in the United States, Canada, France, Germany, Israel, Italy, Spain, the Netherlands and the United Kingdom. We have over 10,000 customers that have licensed over 30 million copies of our products.

We develop and market software solutions and service offerings that are designed to enable our customers to access, Web enable and integrate enterprise information systems. These solutions assist our customers in their efforts to leverage the investment they have in their corporate business applications, processes, and data. We provide a range of personal computer, browser-based and server-based software products and tools. These products allow our customers to access and leverage applications, business processes and data on IBM and IBM compatible mainframe computers, IBM mid-range computers such as the iSeries, in packaged applications, middleware, and databases such as SAP, Siebel, Oracle, and PeopleSoft, amongst others, and on UNIX and Microsoft-based servers. We provide support, maintenance, and technical consultation services to our customers in association with the products we develop and market. We provide applications and management consultancy to our customers primarily in association with the server-based products we deliver that are designed to allow customers to develop and deploy new Web-based applications and services.

Important industry trends that have a strong influence on our business strategy are as follows:

 

   

The adoption of electronic commerce by major corporations worldwide and the acceptance of these approaches in mid-sized companies;

 

   

The continuing development of the Internet, intranets, and extranets for delivery of mission-critical business applications in large and mid-sized companies;

 

   

The desire on the part of corporations to make business processes and information broadly accessible internally and externally to their employees and business partners.

We believe that our customers require a single set of solutions that address the traditional need for host access combined with the need for the presentation of existing corporate systems with a Web application look and feel, along with the delivery of existing corporate processes and transactions as reusable programmatic components such as Web services. In assessing the change in the marketplace, we have focused on assisting our customers as they transition from traditional host access to newer software solutions that allow them to Web enable and integrate applications and data more cost effectively. Several technologies are employed to provide these solutions and include traditional thick client or desktop solutions; thin client or browser-based solutions; zero footprint or server-based solutions and application adapter or connector technologies. Within this marketplace, we believe the trend is away from desktop solutions and toward zero footprint solutions. We believe this movement is primarily driven by a desire to reduce the total cost of ownership associated with deploying and maintaining older technology. We also believe that a major element of our customer base will deploy a mixture of all types of solutions. We believe that our products, specifically our OnWeb integration products, are differentiated from competitive products in two main areas:

 

   

Speed of deployment—applications can be Web enabled and deployed in days and weeks instead of weeks and months with more traditional application development; and,

 

   

Scalability of applications—applications, while initially deployed to a limited number of users may be further deployed to much larger user populations with little or no additional development effort.

The market is also made up of a number of products that allow organizations to reduce costs or increase revenue by allowing them, or their business partners, to interact via the Internet with corporate business applications that are the backbone of their business processes. A primary example of this kind of solution is found in self-service call center applications. Companies are building solutions that allow customers to determine order status over the Internet without involving a customer support representative. This approach simultaneously minimizes staffing costs and improves customer service. Our products assist our customers in building solutions that quickly transform corporate applications into Web-based solutions.

Customer technology purchases are affected by many factors that are beyond our control, including longer-term infrastructure decisions, product offerings or pricing by our competitors, project timing and duration, business priorities, seasonal buying patterns and various customer financial constraints and initiatives. We believe that ongoing initiatives to reduce costs and improve profitability within our customers have continued to put pressure on their IT budgets for both new license purchases and maintenance and consulting services. This has resulted in customers delaying decisions to license additional software solutions and reducing the number of copies of software that have been subject to maintenance agreements in the past or in certain cases to forgo maintenance agreements completely.

 

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We have a direct sales force of 37 quota-carrying salespeople that generate the majority of our net revenues, two of which are exclusively selling through channels. Not all customers buy directly from us and many of our customers choose to place their orders through one of our channel partners because of pre-existing relationships they may have with them. We believe additional growth opportunities exist through indirect channels and further development of those channels is a priority for us. We also license our Librados adapters to independent software vendors (ISVs) for inclusion in their product or service offerings. We believe sales to ISVs will increase sales in the future but may fluctuate from quarter to quarter.

Developing and marketing innovative products is critical to our ongoing success. Time to market pressures also require us to regularly evaluate technology acquisitions that we believe will expand or enhance our existing product offering. We have acquired a number of companies since our inception and expect that we may make acquisitions in the future.

Results of operations

We have three main products: RUMBA (including ViewNow products)—connectivity software designed to connect PCs to IBM mainframe and iSeries systems and UNIX host systems; OnWeb—highly scalable server-based solutions designed to allow customers to leverage their existing enterprise applications, information, and business processes for new presentation methods and integration projects; and Librados—a range of high performance and highly scalable application and technology adapters for Java-based application servers. The Librados adapters are available for a range of enterprise applications such as SAP, PeopleSoft, JD Edwards, Siebel, and Oracle, amongst others, for a range of databases including Oracle, Informix, IBM DB2, and Sybase and for a range of technology connections including support for Electronic Data Interchange (EDI) standards. The RUMBA product line is the Company’s most mature product line. Our strategy is to help customers migrate from our older product offerings to our newer solutions, OnWeb and Librados, which we believe have greater growth potential.

Our revenues have declined over the past five years. This decline has resulted, in part, from our un-successful efforts to migrate sufficient numbers of customers from our RUMBA products to our OnWeb and Librados products, which typically have lower price points. Even though we did acquire and are acquiring new OnWeb and Librados customers, the revenue and repeat business from these customers has not been sufficient to compensate for the reduction in RUMBA business.

The number of end-user licenses sold with server products, such as OnWeb, is also lower than the number of end-user licenses represented by desktop products, such as RUMBA. To date, this transition has contributed to the decline in license and maintenance revenues from our RUMBA products at a faster rate than the growth rate of revenue from our OnWeb and Librados products. We expect our newer products to represent an increasing percentage of net revenues in the future but so far that trend has yet to occur.

On February 22, 2007, we implemented a restructuring of operations designed to align our business units with our core business functions, to relocate certain of our functional operations, and to reduce our operating expenses. As part of the restructuring, we reduced our workforce in excess of 10% and recorded a $2.3 million charge to operating expenses in the nine months ended September 30, 2007. The restructuring charge included approximately $1 million of expenses related to facilities no longer needed for company operations and $1.3 million of employee and other-related expenses for employee terminations. In the third quarter of 2007, the Company received a release of liability for leased office space in Ottawa, Canada. The release of liability resulted in the reduction of approximately $215,000 from the February 2007 restructuring reserve and approximately $126,000 and $40,000 of deferred rent respectively from other long-term liabilities and accrued liabilities respectively .

 

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Three months ended September 30, 2007 compared to September 30, 2006 (in thousands):

 

     Three months ended September 30,  
     2007     2006     Change  

Net revenues

        

License fees

   $ 2,483     $ 3,694     $ (1,211 )   -33 %

Services

     6,185       5,700       485     9 %
                          

Total net revenues

   $ 8,668     $ 9,394     $ (726 )   -8 %

As a percentage of net revenues:

        

License fees

     28.6 %     39.3 %    

Services

     71.4 %     60.7 %    
                    

Total net revenues

     100.0 %     100.0 %    

Gross margin—license fees

   $ 2,224     $ 3,518     $ (1,294 )   -37 %

Gross margin—services

     5,284       4,833       451     9 %

Gross margin—amortization of developed technology

     (81 )     (70 )     (11 )   16 %
                          

Total gross margin

   $ 7,427     $ 8,281     $ (854 )   -10 %

As a percentage of net revenues:

        

Gross margin—license fees

     25.7 %     37.4 %    

Gross margin—services

     61.0 %     51.4 %    

Gross margin—amortization of developed technology

     -0.9 %     -0.7 %    
                    

Total gross margin

     85.8 %     88.1 %    

Research and development

   $ 1,367     $ 1,770     $ (403 )   -23 %

As a percentage of net revenues:

     15.8 %     18.8 %    

Sales and marketing

   $ 4,610     $ 4,946     $ (336 )   -7 %

As a percentage of net revenues:

     53.2 %     52.7 %    

General and administrative

   $ 1,426     $ 1,480     $ (54 )   -4 %

As a percentage of net revenues:

     16.5 %     15.8 %    

Litigation settlement

   $ (11 )   $ —       $ (11 )   0 %

As a percentage of net revenues:

     -0.1 %     0.0 %    

Restructuring charge (recoveries)

   $ (281 )   $ 72     $ (353 )   -490 %

As a percentage of net revenues:

     -3.2 %     0.8 %    

Amortization of intangibles

   $ 15     $ 105     $ (90 )   -86 %

As a percentage of net revenues:

     0.2 %     1.1 %    

Interest income (expense) and other, net

   $ 331     $ 281     $ 50     18 %

As a percentage of net revenues:

     3.8 %     3.0 %    

Foreign currency transaction loss

   $ (139 )   $ (111 )   $ (28 )   25 %

As a percentage of net revenues:

     -1.6 %     -1.2 %    

Provision for income taxes

   $ 37     $ 45     $ (8 )   -18 %

As a percentage of net revenues:

     0.4 %     N/A  (1)    

Net (loss) Income

   $ 456     $ 33     $ 423     1,283 %

As a percentage of net revenues:

     5.3 %     0.4 %    

(1) The effective tax rates for the three month periods ended September 30, 2007 and 2006 were less than 1% due to the consolidated tax loss position.

 

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Nine months ended September 30, 2007 compared to September 30, 2006 (in thousands):

 

     Nine months ended September 30,  
     2007     2006     Change  

Net revenues

        

License fees

   $ 7,057     $ 9,596     $ (2,539 )   -26 %

Services

     18,081       17,316       765     4 %
                          

Total net revenues

   $ 25,138     $ 26,912     $ (1,774 )   -7 %

As a percentage of net revenues:

        

License fees

     28.1 %     35.7 %    

Services

     71.9 %     64.3 %    
                    

Total net revenues

     100.0 %     100.0 %    

Gross margin—license fees

   $ 6,264     $ 9,005     $ (2,741 )   -30 %

Gross margin—services

     15,618       14,800       818     6 %

Gross margin—amortization of developed technology

     (244 )     (210 )     (34 )   16 %
                          

Total gross margin

   $ 21,638     $ 23,595     $ (1,957 )   -8 %

As a percentage of net revenues:

        

Gross margin—license fees

     24.9 %     33.5 %    

Gross margin—services

     62.1 %     55.0 %    

Gross margin—amortization of developed technology

     -1.0 %     -0.8 %    
                    

Total gross margin

     86.0 %     87.7 %    

Research and development

   $ 4,761     $ 5,524     $ (763 )   -14 %

As a percentage of net revenues:

     18.9 %     20.5 %    

Sales and marketing

   $ 14,390     $ 15,176     $ (786 )   -5 %

As a percentage of net revenues:

     57.2 %     56.4 %    

General and administrative

   $ 4,519     $ 4,728     $ (209 )   -4 %

As a percentage of net revenues:

     18.0 %     17.6 %    

Litigation settlement

   $ (929 )   $ —       $ (929 )   0 %

As a percentage of net revenues:

     -3.7 %     0.0 %    

Restructuring charge

   $ 2,302     $ 97     $ 2,205     2,273 %

As a percentage of net revenues:

     9.2 %     0.4 %    

Amortization of intangibles

   $ 45     $ 315     $ (270 )   -86 %

As a percentage of net revenues:

     0.2 %     1.2 %    

Interest income (expense) and other, net

   $ 959     $ 821     $ 138     17 %

As a percentage of net revenues:

     3.8 %     3.1 %    

Foreign currency transaction loss

   $ (348 )   $ (133 )   $ (215 )   162 %

As a percentage of net revenues:

     -1.4 %     -0.5 %    

Provision for income taxes

   $ 108     $ 63     $ 45     71 %

As a percentage of net revenues:

     N/A (1)     N/A (1)    

Net loss

   $ (2,947 )   $ (1,620 )   $ (1,327 )   82 %

As a percentage of net revenues:

     -11.7 %     -6.0 %    

(1) The effective tax rates for the nine month periods ended September 30, 2007 and 2006 were less than 1% due to the consolidated tax loss position.

Net revenues

Total net revenues decreased 8% for the three months ended September 30, 2007 as compared to the same period in 2006. The decrease in total net revenues resulted from a decline in license fees of $1.2 million, or 33%, partially offset by a 9% or $485,000 increase in services revenues. License fees represented 29% of our total net revenues in the third quarter of 2007 compared to 39% of total net revenues in the third quarter of 2006. The decrease in our license fees for the three months ended September 30, 2007 relative to the same period in 2006 was primarily the result of customers delaying buying decisions in upgrading their existing systems and complex integration buying processes. Net revenues decreased 7% for the nine months ended September 30, 2007 as compared to the same period in 2006. The decrease in total net revenues resulted from a decline in license fees of $2.5 million, or 26%, partially offset by a 4% or $765,000 increase in services revenues. We believe the decrease in license fees resulted from lower productivity as a result of restructuring of the North America sales force, during the first quarter of 2007, and was partially offset by the consulting services from new technology projects.

 

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We have operations worldwide, with sales offices located in the United States, Europe, Canada, and Israel. Revenues outside of North America (United States and Canada) as a percentage of total net revenues were approximately 36% and 40% for each of the three month periods ended September 30, 2007 and 2006, respectively and were 37% and 36% for each of the nine months ended September 30, 2007 and 2006, respectively.

No customer accounted for more than 10% of net revenues in either of the three or nine month periods ended September 30, 2007 and 2006. Because we generally ship software products within a short period after receipt of an order, we do not have a material backlog of unfilled orders, and license fees in any quarter are substantially dependent on orders booked in that quarter.

Gross margin

Gross margin decreased $854,000, or 10% and $2.0 million or 8% for the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2007 respectively, as compared to the same periods in 2006 primarily because of the decrease in net revenues. Total gross margin as a percentage of net revenues decreased from 88% to 86% for the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2007 as compared to the same periods in 2006. The decrease in gross margin for the three month period ending September 30, 2007 compared to the same period in 2006 is due to the decrease in net revenues of $0.7 million and increase of $0.2 million in the cost of sales. The decrease in gross margin for the nine month period ending September 30, 2007 compared to the same period in 2006 is due to the decrease in net revenues of $1.8 million, increases in cost of license of $0.1 million for government encryption, $0.2 million in consulting and other services and increase in cost of operations of $0.1 million. These increases in cost of revenue were offset by $0.2 million due in part to reductions in salaries, recruiting and allocated occupancy.

Gross margin on license fees as a percentage of license fees revenue were 90% and 89% for the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2007 respectively and 95% and 94% for the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2006 respectively. The change during these periods was primarily due to a reduction in license fees of $1.2 million and $2.5 million, and an increase in the cost of license fees of approximately $0.1 million and $0.2 million for the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2007, respectively from the comparative periods in 2006. Gross margin on services as a percentage of services revenues increased from 85% for the nine months ended September 30, 2006 to 86% for the nine months ended September 30, 2007. The increase in gross margin on services for the nine months ended September 30, 2007 as compared to the same period in 2006, was primarily due to the increase in services revenue of $0.8 million and an increase in consulting services in Spain and Italy, offset by a decrease in customer service expense due to the restructuring in Ottawa, Canada.

Research and development

Research and development, or R & D, expenses consist primarily of salaries and benefits, occupancy, travel expenses, and fees paid to outside consultants. R & D expenses decreased $403,000, or 23% and $763,000, or 14% for the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2007, respectively, from the comparative periods in 2006. The decrease in R&D expense results mainly from lower salaries and travel expenses due to a reduction in headcount in the first three quarters of 2007 as a result of restructuring activities and lower corporate expense allocations.

Software development costs are accounted for in accordance with SFAS No. 86, Accounting for the Costs of Computer Software to be Sold, Leased or Otherwise Marketed, under which we are required to capitalize software development costs after technological feasibility is established which we define as a working model and further define as a beta version of the software. The establishment of technological feasibility and the ongoing assessment of the recoverability of these costs requires considerable judgment by us with respect to certain external factors, including, but not limited to, anticipated future gross product revenue, estimated economic life, and changes in technology. Costs that do not qualify for capitalization are charged to R & D expense when incurred. We did not capitalize any software development costs in either the three or nine month periods ended September 30, 2007 or 2006.

Sales and marketing

Sales and marketing expenses consist primarily of salaries, benefits and commissions of sales personnel, salaries and benefits of marketing personnel, travel, and occupancy and related costs. Sales and marketing expenses decreased $336,000, or 7% and $786,000, or 5% for the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2007, respectively, from the comparative periods in 2006. The decreases in expense for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007 from the comparative periods in 2006 were primarily the result of decreases in salary, commissions, other benefits, travel, recruiting and advertising, offset by consulting, outside services and corporate allocated occupancy.

 

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General and administrative

General and administrative, or G & A, expenses consist primarily of salaries, benefits, accounting, travel, legal, and occupancy expenses. G & A expenses decreased $54,000, or 4% and $209,000, or 4% for the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2007, respectively, from the comparative periods in 2006. The decrease in G&A expense for the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2007, compared to the same periods in 2006 was a result of reductions in salaries, litigation, recruiting, business licenses, taxes and corporate occupancy allocations, offset in part by increased professional service, accounting fees, travel and consulting expenses.

Litigation settlement

Litigation settlement for the nine month period ended September 30, 2007 in the amount of $929,000 includes $918,000 that was received by the Company during the second quarter of 2007 in connection with the settlement of litigation filed by the Company in 2003 and from $11,000 that was received by the Company during the third quarter of 2007 in connection with the settlement of a complaint filed in 2005. These settlements are reflected as a reduction of operating expenses.

Restructuring charges

Restructuring charges consist of charges recorded for the restructuring event implemented in February 2007, January 2003, and August 1998, to align our core business functions, to relocate certain operations and to reduce operating expenses. Restructuring charges also include adjustments to the estimated cost of restructuring activities made in previous periods. The restructuring benefit for the three month period ended September 30, 2007 includes $59,000 charge related to the change in estimate for future sublease obligations with our Birmingham, U.K. facility, offset by a release of net benefit of $340,000 from the February 2007 restructuring activity for facility costs and personnel costs. The restructuring charges for the nine month period ended September 30, 2007 includes $1.0 million for facility costs and $1.3 million in personnel costs. The restructuring charges for the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2006 were $72,000 and $97,000, respectively and relate to the change in estimate for future sublease obligations primarily associated with our Birmingham, U.K. facility and to the effect of fluctuations in exchange rates on the underlying currencies in which the obligations are denominated.

Amortization of other intangible assets

Amortization expense was $15,000 and $105,000 for the three month periods ended September 30, 2007 and 2006, respectively, and $45,000 and $315,000 for the nine month periods ended September 30, 2007 and 2006 respectively. The decrease in amortization expense of $90,000 and $270,000 for the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2007, respectively, compared to the same periods in 2006, is the result of intangible assets that were fully amortized in the fourth quarter of 2006. Amortization of trade names is recorded on a straight-line basis over an estimated useful life of five years.

Interest income (expense) and other, net

Interest income (expense) and other, net was $331,000 and $281,000 for the three month periods ended September 30, 2007 and 2006, respectively and $959,000 and $821,000 for the nine month periods ended September 30, 2007 and 2006, respectively. Our interest income increased in the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2007 as compared to the same periods in 2006 as a result of investing a larger proportion of our cash in interest bearing securities at higher average rates.

The following table identifies the components of our interest income (expense) and other, net for the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2007 and 2006, respectively (in thousands):

 

     Three months ended
September 30,
    Nine months ended
September 30,
 
     2007     2006     2007     2006  

Interest income (expense)

        

On cash and investments

   $ 285     $ 284     $ 929     $ 707  

On tax refunds

     —         —         —         1  

Interest expense

     (1 )     (2 )     (15 )     (6 )

Other income (expense)

     47       (1 )     45       119  
                                

Interest income (expense) and other, net

   $ 331     $ 281     $ 959     $ 821  
                                

Foreign currency transaction gains (losses)

For the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2007, we recorded transaction losses of $139,000 and $348,000 respectively and for the same periods in 2006, transaction losses of $111,000 and $133,000, respectively.

 

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Except as noted, transaction gains and losses are attributable to fluctuations related primarily to the Israeli shekel (Shekel) in relation to the U.S. dollar (USD), the British pound (Pound) and the Euro. For the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2007 and 2006, the relationship of the Shekel to the USD, the Pound and the Euro was as follows:

 

     Three Months Ended
September 30,
    Nine Months Ended
September 30,
 
     2007     2006     2007     2006  

USD % Change

   -5.4 %   -4.0 %   -4.4 %   -6.2 %

Pound % Change

   -4.5 %   -0.4 %   -1.4 %   2.0 %

Euro % Change

   -0.6 %   -2.7 %   2.9 %   0.4 %

Provision for income taxes

For the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2007 and 2006, NetManage reported income tax provisions composed of the following (in thousands):

 

     Three Months Ended
September 30,
   Nine Months Ended
September 30,
 
     2007    2006    2007     2006  

US federal tax

   $ —      $ 1    $ —       $ 2  

US state tax

     11      13      35       (2 )

International tax

     26      31      75       147  

Income tax refunds:

          

US state

     —        —        (2 )     —    

International

     —        —        —         (84 )
                              

Total provision (benefit) for income taxes

   $ 37    $ 45    $ 108     $ 63  
                              

The provision for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007 and 2006 primarily comprise miscellaneous state income and taxes related to the earnings of our foreign subsidiaries offset by various refunds related to these jurisdictions. The income tax provision includes approximately $3,000 of interest expense and penalties for the quarter ended September 30, 2007.

Disclosures about market risk

Disclosures about market risk can be found below, under Item 3– Quantitative and qualitative disclosures about market risk.

Liquidity and capital resources (in thousands);

 

     As of
September 30,
2007
   As of
December 31,
2006

Cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments

   $ 4,734    $ 8,306

Short-term investments

   $ 20,981    $ 19,740

Long-term investments

   $ —      $ 600

Working capital

   $ 14,822    $ 17,387

 

     For the nine months ended  
     September 30,
2007
    September 30,
2006
 

Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities

   $ (3,273 )   $ 5,250  

Net cash used in investing activities

   $ (944 )   $ (6,332 )

Net cash provided by financing activities

   $ 186     $ 182  

Our primary source of cash is receipts from net revenues. The primary uses of cash are payroll (salaries, commissions, other incentives, and benefits), general operating expenses (marketing, travel, office rent), cost of revenues and the purchase of investments, property and equipment. Other sources of cash are proceeds from the exercise of employee stock options and from participation in the employee stock purchase program. Effective November 1, 2006, the Company indefinitely suspended the Purchase Plan primarily due to low employee participation resulting from the implementation of the ‘Safe Harbor’ provision of SFAS 123(R).

 

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Net cash used in operating activities decreased by approximately $8.5 million from $5.2 million of net cash provided to $3.3 million net cash used in the nine months ended September 30, 2007 as compared to the corresponding period in 2006. This decrease is primarily a result of the $1.3 million change in net loss from $1.6 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2006 to $2.9 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2007, a reduction in deferred revenue of approximately $6.4 million, a reduction in accounts receivable of approximately $0.7 million and a reduction in accounts payables of approximately $0.7 million. This $9.1 million decrease is offset by an increase in the change in prepaid expenses and other current assets of $0.6 million.

Net cash used in investing activities decreased by approximately $5.4 million from $6.3 million to $0.9 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2007 as compared to the corresponding period in 2006. In the nine months ended September 30, 2007, the Company invested an additional $0.7 million in cash in interest bearing securities as compared to the initial net investment of $6.0 million made in the nine months ended September 30, 2006. The Company expects to continue to invest in short-term and long-term investments and to purchase additional property and equipment to support our operations.

Net cash provided by financing activities is derived primarily from proceeds from the sale of common stock through employee stock option plans and the employee stock purchase plan which was suspended in November 2006. Net cash provided by financing activities increased by $4,000 to $186,000 from $182,000 for the nine months ended September 30, 2007 as compared to the same period in 2006. This increase is primarily a result of proceeds received from shares issued in connection with employee stock plans of $16,000, offset in part by decrease of $12,000 in proceeds received from an investor for a short-term profit earned within six months of acquiring 10% of the Company’s common stock, from $12,000 for the nine months ended September 30, 2006 to no proceeds for the nine months ended September 30, 2007.

At September 30, 2007, we had working capital of $14.8 million. We believe that our current cash balance and investments and future operating cash flows will be sufficient to meet our working capital needs, capital expenditure requirements, currently identified projects and planned objectives for at least the next 12 months.

If our credit rating was to change materially, it could affect our ability to enter into transactions with new and existing customers and subsequently have an impact on our cash position. We do not anticipate a material change in our credit rating or rating outlook.

Contractual obligations

A table of our contractual obligations as of September 30, 2007 is included in Note 5 to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements–Commitments and contingencies.

Off-balance sheet arrangements

As of September 30, 2007, we did not engage in any off-balance sheet arrangements as defined in Item 303(a) (4) of Regulation S-K promulgated by the Commission under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. We do not have external debt financing. We do not issue or purchase derivative instruments or use our stock as a form of liquidity.

Application of critical accounting policies

Our discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations are based on our condensed consolidated financial statements, which have been prepared in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America. Our preparation of these condensed consolidated financial statements requires us to make judgments and estimates that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of net revenues and expenses during the reporting period. We base our estimates on historical experience and on various other assumptions that we believe to be reasonable under the circumstances. Actual results may differ from such estimates under different assumptions or conditions. The following summarizes our critical accounting policies used in preparing our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements:

Revenue Recognition: We derive revenue primarily from two sources: (1) product revenue, which includes software license and royalty revenue, and (2) support and services revenue, which includes software maintenance and consulting. We license our software products both on a term basis and on a perpetual basis. Our term-based arrangements are primarily for a period of 12 months. We also license our software in both source code and object code format. We apply the provisions of the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants (AICPA) Statement of Position (SOP) 97-2, Software Revenue Recognition, and related amendments and interpretations to all transactions involving the licensing of software products.

 

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We recognize revenue from the sale of software licenses to end users and resellers when the following criteria are met: persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists, the product has been delivered, the fee is fixed or determinable, and collection of the resulting receivable is reasonably assured. Delivery occurs when the product is delivered to a common carrier or when a soft key has been transmitted to our customer.

Product is sold without the right of return, except for distributor inventory rotation of old or excess product. Certain of our sales are made to domestic distributors under agreements allowing rights of return and price protection on unsold merchandise. Accordingly, we defer recognition of such sales until the distributor sells the merchandise. We recognize sales to international distributors upon shipment, provided all other revenue recognition criteria as mentioned above have been met. We give rebates to customers on a limited basis. These rebates are included in our Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations as a reduction of revenue.

At the time of the transaction, we assess whether the fee associated with a revenue transaction is fixed or determinable and whether or not collection is reasonably assured. To establish whether the fee is fixed or determinable, we assess the payment terms associated with the transaction. If a significant portion of a fee is due after its normal payment terms, we account for the fee as not being fixed or determinable. In these cases, we recognize revenue as the fees become due if the customer is credit-worthy or upon receipt of payment if the customer is not credit-worthy. To establish our ability to collect, we assess a number of factors, including past transaction history with the customer and the credit-worthiness of the customer. We do not request collateral from our customers. If we determine that collection of a fee is not reasonably assured, we recognize revenue at the time collection becomes reasonably assured, which is generally upon receipt of payment.

For all sales, except those completed over the Internet, we use either a binding purchase order or equivalent customer commitment or signed license agreement as evidence of a contractual arrangement. For sales over the Internet, we use a credit card authorization as evidence of an arrangement. Sales through our distributors are evidenced by a master agreement governing the relationship together with binding purchase orders on a transaction-by-transaction basis.

For arrangements with multiple elements (for example, undelivered maintenance and support), we allocate revenue to each element of the arrangement based on vendor-specific objective evidence (VSOE) of the fair value of the undelivered elements. In effect, this means that we defer revenue from the arrangement fee equivalent to the fair value of the undelivered elements. Fair values for the ongoing maintenance and support obligations are generally based upon separate sales of renewals to customers or upon renewal rates quoted in the sales contracts. Fair value of services, such as training or consulting, is based upon separate sales by us of these services to customers. However, if an arrangement includes an acceptance provision, acceptance occurs upon the earlier of receipt of a written customer acceptance or expiration of the acceptance period.

Service revenues are derived from providing our customers with software updates for existing software products, user documentation and technical support under annual service agreements. These revenues are recognized ratably over the terms of such agreements. If such services are included in the initial licensing fee, the value of the services, determined based on VSOE of fair value, is unbundled and recognized ratably over the related service period. Service revenues derived from consulting and training are deferred and recognized when the services are performed and collection is deemed probable. To date, consulting revenue has not been significant.

Allowance for doubtful accounts, sales returns and rebates: In establishing our allowance for doubtful accounts we analyze historical bad debts, customer concentrations, customer credit-worthiness, current economic trends and changes in our customer payment terms. We apply significant judgment in connection with assessing whether or not our accounts receivable are collectible. Our accounts receivable balance was $5.3 million and $10.2 million, net of our allowance for doubtful accounts of $106,000 and $117,000 at September 30, 2007 and December 31, 2006, respectively. In establishing our sales return, we must make estimates of potential future product returns related to current period product revenue, including analyzing historical returns, current economic trends, and changes in customer demand and acceptance of our products. Our reserves for returns were $8,000 and $6,000 at September 30, 2007 and December 31, 2006, respectively, and represented less than 0.1% of total net revenues for both the nine month period ended September 30, 2007 and for the twelve month period ended December 31, 2006. Our rebate reserves are based on our estimates of potential future rebates related to current period product revenues and includes an analysis of historical rebate expenses. Our reserve for rebates was $0 and $1,000 at September 30, 2007 and December 31, 2006, respectively, and represented less than 0.1% of total net revenues for the twelve month period ended December 31, 2006.

Restructuring reserves: We accrue for restructuring costs when we make a commitment to a firm exit plan that specifically identifies all significant actions to be taken in conjunction with our response to a change in our strategic plan, product demand, expense structure, or other factors such as the date we cease using a facility. We reassess our prior restructuring accruals on a quarterly basis to reflect changes in the costs of our restructuring activities, and we record new restructuring accruals as commitments are made. Estimates are based on anticipated costs of such restructuring activities and are subject to change. Our restructuring reserves were $1,245,000 and $357,000 at September 30, 2007 and December 31, 2006, respectively. For further discussion, see Note 3 to the Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

 

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Accounting for income taxes: As part of the process of preparing our condensed consolidated financial statements, we are required to estimate our income taxes in each of the jurisdictions in which we operate. This process requires us to estimate our actual current tax exposure together with assessing temporary differences resulting from differing treatment of items, such as deferred revenue, for tax and accounting purposes. These differences result in deferred tax assets and liabilities, which are included within our condensed consolidated balance sheet. We must then assess the likelihood that our deferred tax assets will be recovered from future taxable income and to the extent we believe that recovery is not likely; we must establish a valuation allowance. To the extent we establish a valuation allowance or increase this allowance in a period, we must include an expense within the tax provision in the Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations.

Valuation of long-lived and intangible assets and goodwill: We believe that the accounting estimate related to asset impairment is a “critical accounting estimate” because: (1) it is highly susceptible to change from period to period as it requires us to make assumptions about future revenues over the life of our software products and services; and (2) the impact that recognizing an impairment has on the assets reported on our Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet and the net income (loss) reported in our Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations could be material.

Our assumptions about future revenues and sales volumes require significant judgment because actual sales prices and volumes have fluctuated significantly in the past and are expected to continue to do so. In estimating future revenues, we use our sales performance, planned levels of product development, planned new product launches, our internal budgets, and industry market estimates of planned market size and growth rates to assist us.

We assess the carrying value of identifiable intangibles and long-lived assets whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value may not be recoverable. We assess the carrying value of goodwill whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value may not be recoverable and at a minimum, annually. SFAS No. 142, Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets requires that if the fair value of a company’s individual reporting unit is less than the reported value of the individual reporting unit, an asset impairment charge must be recognized in the financial statements. The amount of the impairment is calculated by subtracting the fair value of the asset from the carrying value of the asset. We measure impairment based on a projected discounted cash flow method using a discount rate determined by management to be commensurate with the risk inherent in our current business model.

Factors we consider important which could trigger an impairment review include the following:

 

   

Significant underperformance relative to expected historical or projected future operating results;

 

   

Significant changes in the manner of our use of the acquired assets or the strategy for our overall business;

 

   

Significant negative industry or economic trends; and

 

   

Our market capitalization relative to net book value.

Recent accounting pronouncements

Please refer to Recent accounting pronouncements under Note 2 of Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for a discussion of the expected impact of recently issued accounting standards.

Other events

On April 23, 2007, NetManage announced that Mr. Omer Regev had been named Chief Financial Officer (CFO). Mr. Regev brings more than 15 years of experience in global financial management, private equity, mergers and acquisitions, financial restructurings, R&D support grants as well as investment banking services to NetManage.

 

Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

Disclosures about market risk

Interest rate risk

Our exposure to market risk for changes in interest rates relates primarily to our investment portfolio. We place our investments with high credit quality issuers and, by policy, limit our amount of credit exposure to any one issuer. As stated in our policy, we are averse to principal loss, and seek to preserve our invested funds by limiting default risk, liquidity risk, and territory risk.

 

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We mitigate default and liquidity risks by investing only in high credit quality securities and by positioning our portfolio to respond appropriately to a significant reduction in a credit rating of any investment issuer or guarantor. The portfolio includes only marketable securities with active secondary or resale markets to ensure portfolio liquidity. We mitigate risk by investing only in the highest quality bonds as rated by Moody’s and Standard & Poor’s and only allowing up to 5% of the portfolio to be invested in one corporate bond issuer.

Foreign currency risk

We are exposed to foreign currency exchange rate risk inherent in our sales commitments, anticipated sales, anticipated purchases and assets and liabilities in currencies other than the U.S. dollar. We transact business in approximately six foreign currencies worldwide, of which the most significant to our operations are the Euro, the Canadian dollar, the Israeli shekel, and the British pound. For most currencies, we are the net receiver of foreign currencies and therefore benefit from a weaker U.S. dollar and are adversely affected by a stronger U.S. dollar relative to those foreign currencies in which we transact significant amounts of business. The net results of the transaction gains or losses appear in the line entitled foreign currency transaction gains (losses) in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations. At the end of each period, the translation of the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets from local currency to the group currency appears in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss) under the foreign currency translation adjustments line.

We currently do not enter into financial instruments for hedging or speculative purposes. There were no forward foreign exchange contracts used during the nine months period ended September 30, 2007. We may institute a foreign currency hedging program in the future.

The following table presents the potential impact on cash flow of changes in exchange rates on foreign denominated assets and liabilities as noted (in thousands):

 

     Cash flow impact on change in exchange rates  
     September 30,
2007
    -15%
Change
    -10%
Change
    +10%
Change
    +15%
Change
 

Accounts receivable (1) (2)

   $ 5,454     $ (384 )   $ (241 )   $ 198     $ 283  

Accounts payable (2)

     (848 )     84       53       (43 )     (62 )

Inter-company with U.S. (3)

     (27,831 )     4,911       3,092       (2,530 )     (3,630 )

(1) Accounts receivable does not include allowances of $114,000.

 

(2) The offset entry for this change in exchange rates would be to Accumulated other comprehensive loss in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet.

 

(3) This assumes the change in exchange rates applies only to the relationship between the U.S. dollar and the local currency as of September 30, 2007 and that there is no change in rates between the various non-U.S. dollar currencies. The offset entry for this change in exchange rates would be to foreign currency transaction gain (loss) in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations.

 

Item  4. Controls and Procedures

Evaluation of disclosure controls and procedures

As of the end of the period covered by this filing, we performed an evaluation under the supervision and with the participation of NetManage’s management, including NetManage’s Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of NetManage’s disclosure controls and procedures as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or the Exchange Act. An internal control system is designed to provide reasonable, but not absolute, assurance that the objectives of the control system are met, including, but not limited to, ensuring that transactions are properly authorized, assets are safeguarded against unauthorized or improper use, and transactions are properly recorded and reported. Following that evaluation, NetManage’s management, including the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, concluded that based on the evaluation, the design and operation of NetManage’s disclosure controls and procedures as set forth below were not effective at that time to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with general accepted accounting principles due to the material weakness described below.

Accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America and the reporting requirements of the Securities and Exchange Commission are complex and require an appropriate level of expertise and experience within the accounting and finance function to facilitate accurate and timely financial reporting. NetManage experienced the loss of key personnel in the finance and accounting department during fiscal 2006. As a result, the demands on NetManage’s existing resources have increased at a time when the number of individuals available to review and supervise the financial closing process has decreased. This control deficiency could result in a misstatement of our financial statements that could result in a material misstatement to the annual or interim financial statements that would not be prevented or detected.

 

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Remediation actions taken and in process.

NetManage named Mr. Omer Regev as Chief Financial Officer on April 23, 2007, and has hired additional key personnel in its finance department. Management is evaluating whether this additional personnel will be sufficient to address the control deficiency or whether additional steps are required.

Changes in internal controls.

As indicated on the cover page of this report, NetManage does not meet the definition of an “accelerated filer” within the meaning of Rule 12b-2 under the Exchange Act as determined on June 30, 2006, based on the Company’s market capitalization as of that date. NetManage will be required to include in its periodic filings under the Exchange Act the disclosures contemplated by Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (Section 404) beginning with its Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ending December 31, 2007. Section 404 will require the Company to include an internal control report of management in its Annual Report on Form 10-K. The internal control report must contain (1) a statement of management’s responsibility for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting, (2) a statement identifying the framework used by management to conduct the required evaluation of the effectiveness of its internal control over financial reporting, and (3) management’s assessment of the effectiveness of its internal control over financial reporting as of the end of its most recent fiscal year, including a statement as to whether or not internal control over financial reporting is effective.

With the exception of hiring of a Chief Financial Officer in April 2007, there have been no changes in the Company’s internal controls during the most recent fiscal quarter covered by this report, or in any other factors that could affect these controls, including any corrective actions with regard to significant deficiencies and material weaknesses, that have affected or are reasonably likely to materially affect its internal control over financial reporting during NetManage’s most recent fiscal quarter covered by this report.

PART II—OTHER INFORMATION

 

Item  1. Legal Proceedings

The information required by this item is incorporated herein by reference from the information contained in our Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2006 under the caption “Legal Proceedings”.

The Company is party to various legal proceedings and claims, either asserted or unasserted including proceedings and claims that may relate to acquisitions we have completed or to companies we have acquired. While the outcome of these matters cannot be predicted with certainty, we do not believe that the outcome of any of these potential claims will have a materially adverse effect on our consolidated financial position, results of operations or cash flow.

 

Item  1A. Risk Factors

The information required by this item is incorporated herein by reference from the information contained in our Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2006 under the caption “Risk Factors”.

 

Item  2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

We made no repurchases of our common stock during the nine month period ended September 30, 2007. In addition, we made no sales of unregistered securities during the nine month period ended September 30, 2007.

 

Item  3. Defaults upon Senior Securities

Not applicable

 

Item  4. Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders

Not applicable

 

Item  5. Other Information

Not applicable

 

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Item  6. Exhibits

 

31.1    Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a).
31.2    Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a).
32.1    Chief Executive Officer Certification pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350 as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
32.2    Chief Financial Officer Certification pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350 as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

 

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SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

 

    NETMANAGE, INC.
    (Registrant)
DATE: November 9, 2007     By:   /s/ Omer Regev
        Omer Regev
        Chief Financial Officer and Vice President of Finance
        (On behalf of the registrant and as Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)

 

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EXHIBIT INDEX

 

Exhibit

Number

  

Description

31.1    Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a).
31.2    Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a).
32.1    Chief Executive Officer Certification pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350 as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley act of 2002.
32.2    Chief Financial Officer Certification pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350 as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley act of 2002.

 

34

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