Bobby J. Hutton
Certified Public Accountant
4824 Courtside Drive
Fort Worth, TX 76133
NOTE A - SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
NATURE OF OPERATIONS AND ORGANIZATION: Signal Advance, Inc. (the Company) is
currently conducting operations. Signal Advance, Inc., incorporated in Texas on
June 4, 1992, is an engineering product and procedure development and consulting
firm focused on the development of applications for emerging technologies. The
Company has significant experience in computer technology, distributed
information systems, and data acquisition and analysis systems, medical
education, intellectual property protection and medical-legal litigation
support. The Company has focused its resources on the improvement of signal
detection systems through the development and refinement of its proprietary
"Signal Advance" technology which has potential application in a wide range of
medical applications, as well as applications outside of biomedicine.
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS: The Company considers all highly liquid investments
purchased with an original maturity of three months or less to be cash
equivalents.
IMPAIRMENT: The Company anticipates amortizing intangible assets over their
estimated useful lives unless such lives are deemed indefinite. Amortized
intangible assets are tested for impairment based on undiscounted cash flows,
and, if impaired, written down to fair value based on either discounted cash
flows or appraised values. Intangible assets with indefinite lives are tested
annually for impairment and written down to fair value as required. No
impairment of intangible assets has been identified during any of the periods
presented.
USE OF ESTIMATES IN FINANCIAL STATEMENT PREPARATION: The preparation of the
financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted
in the United States of America requires the use of estimates and assumptions
that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, the disclosure of
contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements, and
the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. The
Company's financial statements include amounts and all adjustments that, in the
opinion of management and based on management's best estimates and judgments,
are necessary to make the financial statement not misleading. Actual results
could differ from those estimates.
AVAILABLE FOR SALE SECURITIES: The Company holds certain investments that are
treated as available-for-sale securities and stated at their fair market values.
All investments are available for current operations and are classified as other
assets in the balance sheet. Unrealized holding gains and losses are included as
a component of other comprehensive income (loss) until realized. Realized gains
and losses are determined by the specific identification method and are included
in 'Other Income (Loss)' in the income statement.
RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT: Research and development costs are expensed as
incurred until technological feasibility can be determined. Upfront and
milestone payments made to third parties in connection with research and
development collaborations are expensed as incurred up to the point of
regulatory approval, marketability, licensing, lease, or sale when the net
present value and useful life is able to be determined. Payments made to third
parties subsequent to the aforementioned events will be capitalized. Amounts
capitalized for such payments will be included in other intangibles, less the
net of the accumulated amortization, once their useful lives can be determined.
Accompanying Notes are an Integral Part of the Financial Statements F 6
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REVENUE RECOGNITION: The Company revenues are generated by: 1) Providing
consulting services; 2) Licensing intellectual property; and 3) Providing
consulting services to licensees to facilitate implementation. Revenue is not
recognized until it is realized or realizable and earned. In accordance with ASC
605, 'Revenue Recognition,' the company recognizes as revenue the fees charged
clients as referenced below because 1) persuasive evidence of an arrangement
exists, 2) the fees charged as royalties and/or for services are substantially
fixed or determinable during the period in which services are provided or
royalties are collected, 3) the company and its clients understand the specific
nature and terms of the agreed upon transactions, and 4) collectability is
reasonably assured after services have been rendered, or according to a royalty
payment schedule.
Consulting Revenue - For revenues generated by providing engineering, scientific
and medical/legal consulting services. Services are charged at an hourly rate
and clients are charged and revenue is recognized monthly.
License Revenue - As part of the Company's business model and as a result of the
company's on-going investment in research and development, the company plans to
license and sell the rights to certain of its intellectual property (IP)
including internally developed patents, trade secrets and technological know-
how. The typical license will call for a non-refundable initiation fee,
escalating minimum royalties to be paid before a given product is marketed, and
continuing royalties based on gross sales once marketing has begun, confirmed by
annual audits. The license will also include a set amount of consulting support.
Licensees will also be required to participate in patent maintenance and
defense.
Certain transfers of IP to third parties may be licensing/royalty-based,
transaction-based, or other forms of transfer. Licensing/royalty-based fees
involve transfers in which the company earns the income over time, as a lump-sum
payment or the amount of income is not fixed or determinable until the licensee
sells future related products (i.e., variable royalty, based upon licensee's
revenue). Accordingly, following delivery and or legal conveyance of rights to
the aforementioned IP to the client, and following inception of the license
term, revenue is recognized in a manner consistent with the nature of the
transaction and the earnings process.
Combined License/Consulting Revenue - in certain circumstances the license
agreement will also include consulting services to facilitate the use of the
Company's IP, in which case the arrangement may include multiple deliverables.
If the client is dependent on the consulting services of the Company to bring
value to the license then the license and consulting services will be considered
a single unit of accounting. If, however, the license has value to the client,
independent of the consulting services provided by the Company, then each
deliverable has value on a standalone basis. As such each delivered item or
items shall be considered a separate unit of accounting.
Accompanying Notes are an Integral Part of the Financial Statements F 7
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Alternatively, license terms may contain a citation of milestones of achievement
by the licensee. Each milestone may be tied to an increase in the minimum
royalty. For example, biomedical milestones may include completion of animal
trials, submission and then approval of 510K applications or pre-market approval
by the FDA. Each licensee pursuing a biomedical application will be expected to
develop its own clinical data to secure such pre-market notification (510k) or
approval. Under these circumstances, the deliverable, or unit of accounting,
consideration may be contingent on the substantive achievement of one or more
milestones. As such, revenue is recognized in its entirety in the period in
which the milestone is achieved.
During the years ended December 31, 2013, 2012 and 2011, the Company recognized
$2,350, $10,313, and $80,000, respectively, in revenue.
PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT: Fixed Assets (land, buildings and equipment) are
carried at cost less accumulated depreciation. Depreciation is based on the
estimated service lives of depreciable assets and is provided using the Modified
Accelerated Cost Recovery System (MACRS) method. In the case of disposals,
assets and related depreciation are removed from the accounts, and the net
amounts, less proceeds from disposal, are included in income.
INCOME TAXES: The Company takes an asset and liability approach to financial
accounting and reporting for income taxes. The difference between the financial
statement and tax basis of assets and liabilities is determined annually.
Deferred income tax assets and liabilities are computed for those differences
that have future tax consequences using the currently enacted tax laws and rates
that apply to the periods in which they are expected to affect taxable income.
Valuation allowances are established, if necessary, to reduce the deferred tax
asset to the amount that will assure full realization. As of December 31, 2012,
the Company recorded a valuation allowance that reduced its deferred tax assets
to zero.
CONCENTRATIONS OF CREDIT RISK: Financial instruments which potentially subject
the Company to significant concentrations of credit risk consist primarily of
investment securities. Investment securities are exposed to various risks, such
as interest rate, market and credit risks. Due to the level of risk associated
with certain investment securities, it is reasonably possible that changes in
the values of investment securities can occur in the near term and that each
change could materially affect the amounts reported in the financial statement.
GOING CONCERN: The Company is currently conducting operations. However, it has
not yet generated sufficient operating revenue to fund its development
activities to date. As such, the Company has relied on funding by the Company's
President and the sale of its common stock. There is a substantial doubt that
the Company will generate sufficient revenues in future years to meet its
operating cash requirements. Accordingly, the Company's ability to continue
operations in the short-term depends on its success in obtaining equity or debt
financing in an amount sufficient to support its operations. This could raise
doubt as to its ability to continue as a going concern. The financial statements
do not include any adjustments that might result from this uncertainty.
Accompanying Notes are an Integral Part of the Financial Statements F 8
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NOTE B - INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY
Intellectual property protection is being pursued for the specifically
identifiable intellectual property (IP) termed Signal Advance technology. The
following table lists the patent applications and issued patents and their
respective status:
Patent Office Patent/Application No. Status
------------------ ---------------------- ------------------
United States 8452544 Issued May 2013
China ZL 200880015288.2 Issued Nov. 2012
Europe EP 08 75 4879.8 Under examination
Mexico MX/A/2009/00921 Under examination
India 3465/KOLNP/2009 Not yet examined
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Additional patent submissions related to specific applications, SA circuit
configurations, and signal processing techniques are in preparation.
The IP derives from an assignment of the IP in the form of a patent application
filed with the USPTO as well as any patents which issue as a result of U.S. and
related international patent applications.
As ASSIGNEE, the Company is responsible for:
1) Funding and executing activities required for any regulatory approval,
development, implementation and commercialization;
2) Introducing assigned products which incorporate the patent pending or
patented technology to the commercial market;
3) Make its best efforts to:
a) Develop and market assigned products and services, and
b) Increase and extend the commercialization of assigned products, and
4) Commence the advertising and marketing assigned products not later than 24
months following the granting of the patent
The assignment was privately negotiated between the Company's President, Dr.
Hymel (Assignor) and the remaining members of the board of directors for the
Company (Assignee). Consideration to acquire the IP rights, in the form of
equity (specifically 1,525,000 shares of SAI common stock, to date) was
expensed as the assignment is considered a transaction between entities under
common control. The value of the common stock issued in exchange for the equity
was based on the most recent private sales of stock. In addition, royalties are
payable to Assignor on net sales and/or license fees as follows: a) <$10M: 6%;
b) $10-$25M: 8%, and c)>$25M: 10%. Assignor's remedy for non-payment is the
termination of the assignment.
The costs incurred in acquiring the assignment of the Signal Advance IP as well
as the pursuit of domestic and international patent and trademark protection are
expensed (included as "Intellectual Property" under expenses on the Statements
of Income and Retained Earnings (Accumulated Deficit)) for the years ended
December 31, 2013, 2011 and 2011. These costs include expenses to prepare and
prosecute patent applications and protect the IP, include filing, issuance and
renewal fees, expenses for consultants, experts, advisors, patent attorneys,
including foreign associates, patent applications, claims and other amendments,
responses to office actions, etc. Any patent infringement case may hinder the
Company's ability to generate revenues.
Accompanying Notes are an Integral Part of the Financial Statements F 9
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NOTE C - AVAILABLE FOR SALE SECURITIES
Cost and fair value of available for sale securities (acquired Jan. 10, 2011)
as of December 31, 2013 are as follows:
Cost Gross Gain(Loss) Fair Value
---------- ---------- ----------
Equity Securities Available for Sale: 25,000 (24,487) 13
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NOTE D - EQUIPMENT
Property and equipment as of December 31, 2013 and 2012 are summarized as
follows:
2013 2012 2011
---------- ---------- ----------
Fixed Assets (Cost/Basis) 125,807 123,783 122,772
Less: Accumulated Depreciation (121,884) (119,117) (113,885)
---------- ---------- ----------
Net Book Value $ 3,924 $ 4,607 $ 8,887
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Depreciation expense in the years ended December 31, 2013, 2012 and 2011, were
$2,707, $5,292 and $8051, respectively.
NOTE E - INCOME TAXES
Operating Loss Carry-Forwards: As of December 31, 2013, the Company has a net
operating tax loss carry-forward of $1,201,149. Other loss carry-forwards from
previous periods may be offset against future federal income taxes. If not used,
loss carry-forwards will expire as indicated in the following table:
Year Operating Losses Year Operating Losses
---- ---------------- ---- ----------------
2022 108,119 2028 1,443,756
2023 104,123 2029 306,926
2024 114,901 2030 32,146
2025 52,988 2031 160,674
2026 218,176 2032 179,372
2027 256,471 2033 1,201,149
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Deferred Tax Asset: A valuation allowance was not recognized for the full
amount of the deferred tax asset because, based on the weight of available
evidence, it is more likely than not that some portion or the entire deferred
tax asset will not be realized.
Tax Depreciation: The Company uses the Modified Accelerated Cost Recovery
System (MACRS) for depreciation of property for tax purposes.
Note F - SHORT TERM LOAN
The President has loaned funds to the Company under the terms of a Line of
Credit Promissory Note negotiated with, and approved by, the Board of Directors.
Accompanying Notes are an Integral Part of the Financial Statements F 10
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NOTE G - TRADE PAYABLE
The President of the Company has provided on-going services in exchange for
equity reflected by the trade payable. The terms of the conversion of the debt
to equity in was negotiated with, and approved by, the Board of Directors.
NOTE H - FACILITIES LEASE
The Company currently leases office space, from its president, on a month to
month basis at a rate of $700 per month. The following is a schedule of future
minimum payments for 4 years under the above operating lease as of the year
ended December 2013.
Year Amount
2014 $ 8,400
2015 8,400
2016 8,400
2017 8,400
Four Year Total: $33,600
Rental expense amounted to $8,400 for the years ended December 30, 2013, 2012
and 2011.
Note J - REVERSE STOCK SPLIT
In July, 2011 (following approval by the Shareholders in May, 2011) the Board
of Directors voted to affect a four for one (4/1) reverse split of its common
shares and a 'Resolution Relating to a Series of Shares' was submitted to the
Texas Secretary of State, pursuant to The Texas Business Organizations Code,
section 21.115. The reverse split became effective on September 1, 2011.
Fractional shares were rounded up to whole shares. Prior to the reverse split,
the common stock shares issued and outstanding totaled 32,603,325. As of
December 31, 2011, following the four for one (4/1) reverse split, 8,111,409
shares of common stock were issued and outstanding.
Accompanying Notes are an Integral Part of the Financial Statements F 11
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SUPPLEMENTAL INFORMATION
Signal Advance, Inc.
Schedules of General, Selling and Administrative Expenses
Years Ended December 31, 2013, 2012, 2011
2013
2012
2011
-------- -------- --------
Automobile Expense
3,411
2,066
87
Bank Service Charges
123
112
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94
Dues and Subscriptions
45
37
100
Education/Training
0
7
2,969
Employee Benefits
4,078
4,683
2,661
Fees/Licenses
1,168
0
351
Insurance
722
422
0
Interest Expense
8,901
2,704
3,942
Maintenance and Repairs
824
872
759
Marketing/Advertising
500
650
650
Meals/Entertainment
1,007
389
281
Office Supplies
505
266
120
Postage and Delivery
143
192
249
Rent
8,400
8,400
8,400
Taxes
50
100
0
Telephone
1,520
1,755
3,995
Travel
10,319
5,361
6,701
Utilities
2,560
2,222
2,676
Total Expense
44,274
30,239
34,034
See Accompanying Notes and Accountant's Report F 12
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